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- 1. Nature, Goals and Perspectivesin/of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science
- 2. Review… • Society isa group of individuals held together by enduring relationships in pursuit of common ends. • Culture is a society's way of life expressed through material and nonmaterial aspects. • Politics refers to a set of activities and actions that are used to hold power in a government.
- 3. Learning competency •Discuss thenature, goals and perspectives in/of anthropology, sociology and political science.
- 4. At the endof the lesson, the learners are expected to: Define Sociology, Anthropology and Political Science in the context of Social Science; Analyze how Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science affect the lives of Senior High School students; Differentiate Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science; and Reflect on the significance of Sociology, Anthropology and Political Science in in respective areas of specialization.
- 5. Scenario… • Imagine youare living several thousand years ago. Maybe you are a wife and mother of three children. Maybe you are a young man eager to start your own family. Maybe you are a prominent religious leader, or maybe you are a respected healer. Your family has, for as long as people can remember, lived the way you do. You learned to act, eat, hunt, talk, pray, and live the way you do from your parents, your extended family, and your small community. Suddenly, you encounter a new group of people who have a different way of living, speak strangely, and eat in an unusual manner. They have a different way of addressing the supernatural and caring for their sick. Everything that this new group of people does is very strange for you.
- 6. Questions… •What are yourthoughts about these differences? •As a Senior High School student, what are the basic concepts that we need to learn for us to understand what is happening around us particularly those that occur in our society?
- 7. Social Science • Abranch of study which deals with Human Beings – their behavior, growth and development, relationships, resources they use and the various institutions they require to function and the way they carry on with their lives. For example – family, school, workplace, government, judiciary, recreation clubs, etc. All these aspects of life are inter-related and interdependent to one another.
- 8. Concepts of SocialScience •Sociology •Anthropology •Political Science
- 9. Sociology • The studyof social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior. • The systematic science of studying human behavior within the context of societies. • It is the study of human social relationships and institutions. • focuses its aspects on man, his social manners, social activities and social life.
- 10. Sociology • Sociologists investigatethe structure of groups, organizations, and societies and how people interact within these contexts. • Sociologists are interested in the experiences of individuals and how those experiences are shaped by interactions within social groups and society as a whole. • Sociologists are interested in socioeconomic class and mobility, sexuality, law, politics, religion, or linguistics.
- 11. Anthropology • The studyof what makes us human. • It means scientific study of man or human beings. • Describes human, human behaviour and human societies around the world. • Understanding the many different aspects of the human experience (this is called holism). • Understanding how people interact in social relationships (for example with families and friends).
- 12. Example: In orderto, understand why people, do the things they do and think the way they think, holism proposes that it is necessary to look at the entire person. Rather than focus on just one aspect of the problem, it is necessary to recognize that various factors interact and influence each other.
- 13. •Anthropologists compare humanswith other animals (most often, other primates like monkeys and chimpanzees) to see what we have in common with them and what makes us unique.
- 14. Areas of specialization •Cultural anthropology - focuses on contemporary cultures and societies. • Archaeology - studies past cultures through material remains. • Biological anthropology - explores human evolution and biological diversity. • Linguistic anthropology - examines language and communication.
- 15. ANTHROPOLOGY SOCIOLOGY Goals The goalsof anthropology are the following: • See the commonalities among people (tradition, language, kinship, etc). • Look at what makes us the same to understand more about human nature. • Discover what makes people different from each other in order to understand and preserve diversity. • Produce new knowledge and new theories about mankind and The goals of Sociology are the following: • Obtain possible theories and principles about society as well as various aspects of social life. • Study the nature of humanity to further examine our roles within a society. • Appreciate that all things in society are interdependent. • Expose our minds to
- 16. Explain… •Anthropology, can tellus why humans are social beings. Sociology tells us how humans are social beings
- 17. Political Science • Aclassical discipline that deals with the study of political phenomena. • The study of politics and power from domestic, international, and comparative perspectives. • Is occasionally called politology which is a social science that deals with systems of governance, and the analysis of political activities, political thoughts, associated constitutions, and political behavior.
- 18. POLITICAL SCIENCE Origin •The study of political science was started by the ancient Greeks. • Aristotle in his book “Politics” stated that Man is a political animal. It means that it is our nature to live in a society and to have power over another. Concepts • Political Science is the systematic study of government, politics, and political power. • It is often defined as who gets what, when
- 19. POLITICAL SCIENCE Subjects of Inquiry • politicaltheory, philosophy and different political ideologies • public management • human rights • international relations and foreign policies Goals • Make people a better citizen. • Keep social order and harmony among different groups of people. • Protect the rights of an individual.
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- 21. ANTHROPOLGY Holism It analyses anthropologica l conceptson holistic approach. Cultural Relativism It analyses culture relating it to another culture. Fieldwork
- 22. SOCIOLOGY • Functionalist Perspectives– Interconnectedness, sustainability and balance • Conflict Perspectives – Battle of interest and competitions • Symbolic Interactionalist Perspectives - Individualism
- 23. POLITICAL SCIENCE • Family •Gender • Religion • Race and Geographical Location • Social Classes
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- 25. • Improvement ofthe discipline as one of source of knowledge. • Deeper understanding about humanity and its role to the world. • Understanding the uniqueness of different cultures of the world. • Improvement of society. • Enrichment of our skills