Preeti

Preeti

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  SEMINAR ON STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODY PRESENTEDBY PREETI MADHARIA M.Sc. PREVIOUS (BIOTECHNOLOGY)
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  CONTENTS INTRODUCTION HISTORY PROPERTIES OF ANTIBODY ENZYMATICEXPERIMENTS WITH ANTIBODY STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODY TYPES OF ANTIBODY FUNCTIONS OF ANTIBODY CONCLUSION REFERENCES
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  INTRODUCTION  Antibodies arethe antigens binding proteins present on B cell membrane and secreted by plasma cells.  Antibodies are active serum proteins formed in response to an antigen and react specifically with that antigen. HISTORY  Antibodies were contained in particular serum protein fractions came from a classic experiment by A.Tiselius and E.A. Kabat in 1939.  Rodney Porter in 1962 proposed the basic structure of antibody.
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  PROPERTIES OF ANTIBODY Antibody is a glycoprotein.  Antibody is a “Y” shaped molecules.  Antibody is made up of four polypeptide chain.  Antibody is heterodimeric structure.  All antibodies are immunoglobulin's ,but all immunoglobulin's may not be antibodies.  Antibodies contain disulphide bonds.
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  ENZYMATIC EXPERIMENT WITHANTIBODY B- marcaptoethanol
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  STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODY Hinge region AntibodyDomains VH VC Fab Fc Disulphide Bond VC
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  TYPES OF ANTIBODY (PENTAMER) (DIMER) (MONOMER)(MONOMER) (MONOMER) Lightchain Heavy chain
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  IgG IgG1 IgG2 IgG3 IgG4 TYPES OFI Gg
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  FUNCTIONS OF ANTIBODIES The main function of antibody is protect the body against antigen.  The protective role is carried out into different ways- 1. By Direct :- a) Precipitation : - Antibody combines with soluble antigens and form a lattice is known as precipitation reaction. b) Agglutination :- The interaction between antibody and a particulate antigens result in visible clumping is known as agglutination. c) Opsonisation :- A process by which Phagocytotic cell is facilated by deposition of opsonin is known as opsonisation.
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  2. By Indirect:- a) Activation of complement system :- Complement is a set of plasma protein that is activated by binding antigens. b) Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity(ADCC):- It is a form of lymphocytes mediated cytotoxicity in which an effector kills an antibody coated target cell.
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  CONCLUSION Antibody is aglycoproteins which helps to immune system. It has an antigen binding site through which it is attached to the foreign particles or antigens like bacteria, viruses etc and degrade them.
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  REFERENCES  Kuby J.Antibodies: Structure and functions (pg. 76-101) Immunology 5th ed.  Fatima D. Immunoglobulins (pg.81-99), Saras publication  Websites: www.qwickstep.com www.biochemistry4all.com www.dels-old.nas.edu www.medicine.virginia.edu www.goodpsych.com
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  THANK YOU