Presentation c
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The document presents a comparison between procedural oriented programming (POP) and object oriented programming (OOP). It defines POP as specifying a series of well-structured steps and procedures to compose a program, while OOP is centered on creating objects that combine data and procedures. Some key advantages of OOP include ease of management, understandability, and reusability. POP is faster initially but more difficult to maintain as programs grow large. The document outlines concepts of OOP like abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism and provides examples to illustrate these concepts.
Presentation c
- 1. Presented by : • Kunal N. Sharma • Shyam D. Hathaliya Presentation on POP vs OOP
- 2. Outline: •Procedure oriented programming language. •Introduction to pop •Characteristics •Advantages •Disadvantages •Object Oriented programming language. •Introduction to OOP •Concepts of OOP •Advantages •Disadvantages •Difference between OOP vs. POP.
- 4. What is procedural oriented programming? •computer programming language that specifies a series of well- structured steps and procedures within its programming context to compose a program. •It contains a systematic order of statements, functions and commands to complete a computational task or program. • In the procedure oriented approach, the problem is viewed as a sequence of things to be done such as reading, calculating and printing.
- 5. Some characteristics of Procedure Oriented Programming: •Large programs are divided into smaller programs known as functions. •Most of the functions share global data. •Data can easily flow from one function to another. •Functions transform data from one form to another. •Employs top-down approach in program design.
- 6. Advantages of procedural oriented programming: •Allows quick completion. It is faster than oop. •It is good for general purpose programming. •It has portable source code-use different compiler to target Different CPUs. •Large reference is available on well-tired tested algorithms No need to reinvent the wheel. •Requires less memory space.
- 7. Disadvantages of procedural oriented programming: •It is difficult to relate with the real world objects. •The codes are difficult to maintain, if code grow large. •It does not have automatic memory management like java. •There is no security of data. •Difficult to modify old codes. •There are no access specifies.
- 9. What Object-Oriented Programming? • Object-oriented programming is centred on creating objects rather than procedures/ functions. • Objects are a melding of data and procedures that manipulate that data. • Data in an object are known as attributes. • Procedures/functions in an object are known as methods.
- 11. • Object • Class • Message • Basic Principles of Object Orientation • Abstraction • Encapsulation • Inheritance • Polymorphism • Interface and Abstract Class Concepts of object oriented programming:
- 12. • Informally, an object represents an entity, either physical, conceptual, or software. – Physical entity – Conceptual entity – Software entity Truck Chemical Process Linked List
- 13. • The state of an object normally changes over time. Name: J Clark Employee ID: 567138 HireDate: 07/25/1991 Status: Tenured Discipline: Finance MaxLoad: 3 Name: J Clark Employee ID: 567138 Date Hired: July 25, 1991 Status: Tenured Discipline: Finance Maximum Course Load: 3 classes Professor Clark Professor Clark
- 14. • Behavior determines how an object acts and reacts. • The visible behavior of an object is modeled by the set of messages it can respond to (operations the object can perform). Professor Clark’s behavior Submit Final Grades Accept Course Offering Take Sabbatical Maximum Course Load: 3 classes TakeSabbatical() Professor Clark Professor Clark
- 15. Modularity is a fundamental aspect of all successful large programs. Abstraction Emphasizes relevant characteristics. Suppresses other characteristics Data Abstraction: BriefCase - Capacity - Weight + open() + close()
- 16. • Encapsulation means to design, produce, and describe software so that it can be easily used without knowing the details of how it works. • Also known as information hiding
- 17. Interface Implementation details which are invisible for client Information which can’t be accessed by client Client Deposit() Withdraw() Transfer() Balance insterestYTD Owner Account_number Deposit() {…} Withdraw() {…} Transfer() {…}
- 18. • Inheritance —a way of organizing classes • Term comes from inheritance of traits like eye color, hair color, and so on. • Classes with properties in common can be grouped so that their common properties are only defined once. • Is an “is a kind of” relationship
- 19. Vehicle Automobile Motorcycle Bus Sedan Sports Car School Bus Luxury Bus
- 20. Polymorphism: •The word polymorphism comes from Greek and means having several different forms. This is one of the essential concepts of object-oriented programming. • Where inheritance is related to classes and (their hierarchy), polymorphism is related to object methods. •Types of polymorphism : Overloading polymorphism Parametric polymorphism
- 21. Advantages of Object-Oriented languages include: •Ease of management. •Understand ability. •Re-usability. •Improved software-development productivity. •Improved software maintainability. •Faster development. •Lower cost of development. •Higher-quality software.
- 22. •The disadvantages of Object-Oriented languages include: •Over-generalization. •Programs that are built using this language tend to take longer to initially create. •Slower program.
- 23. Object oriented programming. Vs Procedural oriented programming.
- 24. OOP POP Centres in data types (classes, prototypes) Functions. Data scope encapsulated data global data What is first data types then algorithms algorithms then data types Subroutines are called methods functions Who access who data is accessed by code, i.e. ObjectInstance.getMeARando mNumber(); code is accessed by data, i.e. random_number = getMeARandomNumber(); Have global data No, but objects can have public members Yes, but functions can have private variables Data is called member variable
- 25. Any Questions?