Modelling	
  and	
  Simula.on	
  Technology	
  
Suppor.ng	
  Healthcare	
  and	
  Medicine	
  Design	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  LABA	
  UNIVERSITY	
  Brescia	
  9th	
  -­‐11th	
  October	
  
Dr.	
  Marco	
  Biagini	
  PhD	
  
CD&E	
  Branch	
  Chief	
  at	
  NATO	
  Modelling	
  and	
  Simula<on	
  Centre	
  of	
  Excellence	
  
marcobia71@gmail.com	
  
AGENDA	
  
• INTRODUCTION:	
  WHY	
  MODELLING	
  &	
  SIMULATION	
  
• SIMULATION	
  CATEGORIZATION	
  
• USER	
  AND	
  PATIENT	
  CENTERD	
  DESIGN	
  (UPCD)	
  
• SIMULATION	
  IN	
  THE	
  HEALTHCARE	
  SYSTEM	
  
• SIMULATION	
  FOR	
  MEDICINE	
  
• USE	
  CASE:	
  Nursim	
  Virtual	
  Simulator	
  Prototype	
  
• M&S	
  and	
  design	
  
• CONCLUSION	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
WHY	
  MODELLING	
  &	
  SIMULATION	
  
WE	
  SIMULATED	
  ACTIVITIES	
  EVERYDAY	
  
WHY?	
  
	
  
• TRYING	
  TO	
  DO	
  SOMETHING	
  BETTER	
  AND	
  TO	
  
HAVE	
  A	
  BETTER	
  PREPAREDNESS	
  (READINESS)	
  
• REDUCING	
  COSTS	
  BEING	
  MORE	
  EFFECTIVE	
  
• TRY	
  BEFORE	
  BUY/USE	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
MODELLING,	
  SIMULATION	
  AND	
  EMULATION	
  
•  MODELLING	
  
•  SIMULATION	
  	
  
•  EMULATION	
  
	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
SIMULATION	
  IN	
  HEALTCARE	
  SYSTEM	
  
APPLICABLE	
  DOMAINS	
  OF	
  MODELLING	
  &	
  
SIMULATION	
  IN	
  HEALTCHCARE	
  AND	
  MEDICINE	
  
	
  
• EDUCATION	
  
• TRAINING	
  
• OPERATIONS	
  
• CONCEPT	
  DEVELOPMENT	
  
• EXPERIMENTATION	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
M&S	
  MODEL	
  FOR	
  HEALTCARE	
  SYSTEM	
  
MODELLING	
  &	
  SIMULATION	
  
EDUCATION	
  
TRAINING	
  
OPERATIONS	
  
	
  
ETO	
  
CONCEPT	
  
DEVELOPMENT	
  
	
  
EXPERIMENTATI
ON	
  
CD&E	
  
Informa<on	
  
and	
  
Communica<on	
  
Technology	
  
	
  
ICT	
  
COMPREHENSIVE	
  APPROACH	
  (MULTIDISCIPLINARY)	
  
ANALYSIS	
  and	
  LL’s	
  
HEALTCARE	
  AND	
  MEDICINE	
  
TRANSFORMATION	
  (RE-­‐DESIGN)	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
SIMULATION	
  CATEGORIZATION	
  
• LIVE:	
  Real	
  People,	
  Real	
  Instrumenta<on,	
  
Simulated	
  Effects	
  on	
  Opera<ons	
  –	
  (Human	
  And	
  
Hardware	
  In	
  The	
  Loop)	
  
• VIRTUAL:	
  Real	
  People,	
  Simulated	
  
Instrumenta<on,	
  Simulated	
  Effects	
  on	
  Opera<ons	
  
(Human	
  in	
  the	
  loop)	
  
• CONSTRUCTIVE:	
  Simulated	
  people,	
  Simulated	
  
Instrumenta<on,	
  Simulated	
  Effects.	
  
• AUGMENTED	
  REALITY	
  or	
  “VIREAL”	
  :	
  Real	
  World	
  
and	
  Virtual	
  World	
  Fusion	
  by	
  	
  superimposi<on	
  
techniques	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
LIVE	
  SIM	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
VIRTUAL	
  SIM	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
CONSTRUCTIVE	
  SIM	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
VIREAL	
  SIM	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
EDUCATION	
  VS	
  TRAINING	
  IN	
  HEALTHCARE	
  
• EDUCATION	
  :	
  prepare	
  trainees	
  to	
  face	
  with	
  
uncertainty	
  	
  
• Books,	
  Interac<ve	
  Tools	
  “Simula<on”	
  
• Classroom,	
  on-­‐line	
  virtual	
  classrom	
  
• TRAINING	
  :	
  prepare	
  the	
  trainees	
  to	
  accomplish	
  tasks	
  
“Skills	
  development	
  and	
  skills	
  training”	
  
• Simula<on-­‐Based	
  Training	
  (simulated	
  pa<ens)	
  
• Training	
  on	
  the	
  job	
  (real	
  pa<ents	
  “e<cs”)	
  
	
  
APTITUDE	
  AND	
  SKILLS	
  DEVELOPMENT	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
SERIOUS	
  GAMES	
  IN	
  	
  HEALTHCARE	
  
SERIOUS	
  GAMES	
  
Applica<on	
  of	
  game	
  technology	
  to	
  learning	
  processes…	
  
•  Fun	
  
•  Rewarding	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
It	
  could	
  be	
  a	
  simula.on-­‐based	
  game,	
  or	
  another	
  kind	
  of	
  game	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
OPERATIONS:	
  M&S	
  TO	
  TREATH	
  PTSD	
  
PTSD	
  :	
  POST	
  TRAUMATIC	
  STRESS	
  DISORDER	
  
Video	
  game	
  technology	
  has	
  become	
  so	
  realis<c	
  
that	
  scien<sts	
  are	
  using	
  it	
  to	
  treat	
  veterans	
  
with	
  post-­‐trauma<c	
  stress	
  disorder	
  and	
  in	
  the	
  
fight	
  against	
  phobias.	
  
	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
MODELLING	
  AND	
  SIMULATION	
  DISCIPLINES	
  
•  WEATHER	
  FORECAST	
  
•  AUTOMOTIVE	
  AND	
  AEROSPACE	
  
•  FINANCE	
  
•  HEALTHCARE	
  AND	
  MEDICAL	
  
•  LOGISTICS	
  
•  VIDEOGAMES	
  
•  HUMAN	
  BEHAVIOUR	
  
•  MILITARY	
  
….	
  
HUMAN	
  FACTOR	
  DESIGN	
  
Human	
  Factors	
  Design	
  
PHYSICAL	
   TRAINING	
  
Concerns	
  allowing	
  humans	
  and	
  machines	
  to	
  
coordinate	
  safely	
  and	
  effec.vely	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
LIVE	
  INSTRUMENTED	
  M&S	
  DESIGN	
  IN	
  HEALTHCARE	
  
•  ….	
  
VS	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
INDUSTRIAL	
  DESIGN	
  IN	
  HEALTHCARE	
  
INDUSTRIAL	
  DESIGN	
  IN	
  HEALTHCARE	
  
HUMAN	
  FACTOR	
  AND	
  MEDICINE	
  IN	
  NATO	
  
h_ps://www.cso.nato.int/panel.asp?panel=2	
  
HFM	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
HUMAN	
  FACTOR	
  AND	
  MEDICINE	
  IN	
  NATO	
  
HUMAN	
  FACTOR	
  AND	
  MEDICINE	
  IN	
  NATO	
  
AUGMENTED	
  REALITY	
  AND	
  3D	
  SCANNING	
  
THAT’S	
  NOW…	
  YOU	
  ARE	
  DESIGNER…	
  BOOST	
  YOUR	
  CREATIVITY	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
Course	
  <tle:	
  Modelling	
  &	
  Simula<on	
  (M&S)	
  Technology	
  in	
  the	
  healthcare	
  system	
  design.	
  	
  
Course	
  abstract:	
  The	
  course	
  is	
  designed	
  to	
  provide	
  to	
  an	
  heterogeneous	
  training	
  audience	
  
(designers)	
  basic	
  elements,	
  tools	
  and	
  best	
  prac<ces	
  for	
  understanding,	
  evalua<ng,	
  adop<ng	
  
and	
  implemen<ng	
  modeling	
  and	
  simula<on	
  technology	
  to	
  support	
  with	
  efficiency	
  and	
  
effec<veness	
  training,	
  opera<ons	
  and	
  concept	
  development	
  iforthe	
  healthcare	
  system.	
  	
  
The	
  proposed	
  course	
  is	
  mul<disciplinary	
  within	
  the	
  other	
  master	
  units.	
  It	
  focuses	
  on	
  New	
  
Technologies	
  impact	
  on	
  design	
  in	
  healthcare	
  and	
  medicine	
  unit,	
  but	
  some	
  aspects	
  will	
  affect	
  
the	
  Financial	
  and	
  Marke<ng	
  and	
  the	
  Forecast	
  the	
  future	
  of	
  Medicine	
  units.	
  
The	
  course	
  is	
  structured	
  in	
  three	
  modules	
  (20-­‐28	
  hours):	
  	
  
Introduc<on	
  to	
  Modelling	
  &	
  Simula<on	
  (8	
  hours)	
  
Modeling	
  and	
  Simula<on	
  suppor<ng	
  training,	
  opera<ons	
  and	
  concept	
  development	
  in	
  the	
  
healthcare	
  system	
  “	
  (8/16	
  hours)	
  
Prac<ce/Exercise/Lab	
  (4	
  hours)	
  
During	
  the	
  course	
  trainees	
  will	
  be	
  provided	
  with	
  real	
  worldwide	
  successfully	
  use	
  cases	
  and	
  
best	
  prac<ces	
  of	
  M&S	
  applica<ons	
  in	
  the	
  healthcare	
  domain.	
  Trainees	
  will	
  learn	
  what	
  
modeling	
  and	
  simula<on	
  technology	
  is,	
  why	
  it	
  is	
  important	
  and	
  how	
  this	
  technology	
  could	
  
support	
  a	
  re-­‐shaping	
  and/or	
  the	
  re-­‐design	
  of	
  a	
  new	
  genera<on	
  of	
  healthcare	
  system.	
  
M&S	
  COURSE	
  FOR	
  DESIGNER	
  
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  
Please	
  ask	
  about	
  any	
  issues	
  
we	
  haven’t	
  covered	
  or	
  
really	
  ma_er	
  to	
  you!	
  
QUESTIONS	
  &	
  ANSWERS	
  
Thanks!
© VastPark 2012
“re-­‐Design	
  Medicine”	
  MASTER–	
  @LABA	
  
	
  hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html	
  	
  
	
  	
  

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A symptom-driven medical diagnosis support model based on machine learning te...

Presentation dr. biagini course at Master "re-design Medicine" @LABA

  • 1. Modelling  and  Simula.on  Technology   Suppor.ng  Healthcare  and  Medicine  Design   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  LABA  UNIVERSITY  Brescia  9th  -­‐11th  October   Dr.  Marco  Biagini  PhD   CD&E  Branch  Chief  at  NATO  Modelling  and  Simula<on  Centre  of  Excellence   [email protected]  
  • 2. AGENDA   • INTRODUCTION:  WHY  MODELLING  &  SIMULATION   • SIMULATION  CATEGORIZATION   • USER  AND  PATIENT  CENTERD  DESIGN  (UPCD)   • SIMULATION  IN  THE  HEALTHCARE  SYSTEM   • SIMULATION  FOR  MEDICINE   • USE  CASE:  Nursim  Virtual  Simulator  Prototype   • M&S  and  design   • CONCLUSION   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 3. WHY  MODELLING  &  SIMULATION   WE  SIMULATED  ACTIVITIES  EVERYDAY   WHY?     • TRYING  TO  DO  SOMETHING  BETTER  AND  TO   HAVE  A  BETTER  PREPAREDNESS  (READINESS)   • REDUCING  COSTS  BEING  MORE  EFFECTIVE   • TRY  BEFORE  BUY/USE   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 4. MODELLING,  SIMULATION  AND  EMULATION   •  MODELLING   •  SIMULATION     •  EMULATION     “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 5. SIMULATION  IN  HEALTCARE  SYSTEM   APPLICABLE  DOMAINS  OF  MODELLING  &   SIMULATION  IN  HEALTCHCARE  AND  MEDICINE     • EDUCATION   • TRAINING   • OPERATIONS   • CONCEPT  DEVELOPMENT   • EXPERIMENTATION   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 6. M&S  MODEL  FOR  HEALTCARE  SYSTEM   MODELLING  &  SIMULATION   EDUCATION   TRAINING   OPERATIONS     ETO   CONCEPT   DEVELOPMENT     EXPERIMENTATI ON   CD&E   Informa<on   and   Communica<on   Technology     ICT   COMPREHENSIVE  APPROACH  (MULTIDISCIPLINARY)   ANALYSIS  and  LL’s   HEALTCARE  AND  MEDICINE   TRANSFORMATION  (RE-­‐DESIGN)   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 7. SIMULATION  CATEGORIZATION   • LIVE:  Real  People,  Real  Instrumenta<on,   Simulated  Effects  on  Opera<ons  –  (Human  And   Hardware  In  The  Loop)   • VIRTUAL:  Real  People,  Simulated   Instrumenta<on,  Simulated  Effects  on  Opera<ons   (Human  in  the  loop)   • CONSTRUCTIVE:  Simulated  people,  Simulated   Instrumenta<on,  Simulated  Effects.   • AUGMENTED  REALITY  or  “VIREAL”  :  Real  World   and  Virtual  World  Fusion  by    superimposi<on   techniques   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 8. LIVE  SIM   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 9. VIRTUAL  SIM   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 10. CONSTRUCTIVE  SIM   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 11. VIREAL  SIM   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 12. EDUCATION  VS  TRAINING  IN  HEALTHCARE   • EDUCATION  :  prepare  trainees  to  face  with   uncertainty     • Books,  Interac<ve  Tools  “Simula<on”   • Classroom,  on-­‐line  virtual  classrom   • TRAINING  :  prepare  the  trainees  to  accomplish  tasks   “Skills  development  and  skills  training”   • Simula<on-­‐Based  Training  (simulated  pa<ens)   • Training  on  the  job  (real  pa<ents  “e<cs”)     APTITUDE  AND  SKILLS  DEVELOPMENT   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 13. SERIOUS  GAMES  IN    HEALTHCARE   SERIOUS  GAMES   Applica<on  of  game  technology  to  learning  processes…   •  Fun   •  Rewarding         It  could  be  a  simula.on-­‐based  game,  or  another  kind  of  game   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 14. OPERATIONS:  M&S  TO  TREATH  PTSD   PTSD  :  POST  TRAUMATIC  STRESS  DISORDER   Video  game  technology  has  become  so  realis<c   that  scien<sts  are  using  it  to  treat  veterans   with  post-­‐trauma<c  stress  disorder  and  in  the   fight  against  phobias.     “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 15. MODELLING  AND  SIMULATION  DISCIPLINES   •  WEATHER  FORECAST   •  AUTOMOTIVE  AND  AEROSPACE   •  FINANCE   •  HEALTHCARE  AND  MEDICAL   •  LOGISTICS   •  VIDEOGAMES   •  HUMAN  BEHAVIOUR   •  MILITARY   ….  
  • 16. HUMAN  FACTOR  DESIGN   Human  Factors  Design   PHYSICAL   TRAINING   Concerns  allowing  humans  and  machines  to   coordinate  safely  and  effec.vely   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 17. LIVE  INSTRUMENTED  M&S  DESIGN  IN  HEALTHCARE   •  ….   VS   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 18. INDUSTRIAL  DESIGN  IN  HEALTHCARE  
  • 19. INDUSTRIAL  DESIGN  IN  HEALTHCARE  
  • 20. HUMAN  FACTOR  AND  MEDICINE  IN  NATO   h_ps://www.cso.nato.int/panel.asp?panel=2   HFM   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 21. HUMAN  FACTOR  AND  MEDICINE  IN  NATO  
  • 22. HUMAN  FACTOR  AND  MEDICINE  IN  NATO  
  • 23. AUGMENTED  REALITY  AND  3D  SCANNING   THAT’S  NOW…  YOU  ARE  DESIGNER…  BOOST  YOUR  CREATIVITY   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 24. Course  <tle:  Modelling  &  Simula<on  (M&S)  Technology  in  the  healthcare  system  design.     Course  abstract:  The  course  is  designed  to  provide  to  an  heterogeneous  training  audience   (designers)  basic  elements,  tools  and  best  prac<ces  for  understanding,  evalua<ng,  adop<ng   and  implemen<ng  modeling  and  simula<on  technology  to  support  with  efficiency  and   effec<veness  training,  opera<ons  and  concept  development  iforthe  healthcare  system.     The  proposed  course  is  mul<disciplinary  within  the  other  master  units.  It  focuses  on  New   Technologies  impact  on  design  in  healthcare  and  medicine  unit,  but  some  aspects  will  affect   the  Financial  and  Marke<ng  and  the  Forecast  the  future  of  Medicine  units.   The  course  is  structured  in  three  modules  (20-­‐28  hours):     Introduc<on  to  Modelling  &  Simula<on  (8  hours)   Modeling  and  Simula<on  suppor<ng  training,  opera<ons  and  concept  development  in  the   healthcare  system  “  (8/16  hours)   Prac<ce/Exercise/Lab  (4  hours)   During  the  course  trainees  will  be  provided  with  real  worldwide  successfully  use  cases  and   best  prac<ces  of  M&S  applica<ons  in  the  healthcare  domain.  Trainees  will  learn  what   modeling  and  simula<on  technology  is,  why  it  is  important  and  how  this  technology  could   support  a  re-­‐shaping  and/or  the  re-­‐design  of  a  new  genera<on  of  healthcare  system.   M&S  COURSE  FOR  DESIGNER   “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html        
  • 25. Please  ask  about  any  issues   we  haven’t  covered  or   really  ma_er  to  you!   QUESTIONS  &  ANSWERS   Thanks! © VastPark 2012 “re-­‐Design  Medicine”  MASTER–  @LABA    hwww.hedux.org/master-­‐re-­‐design-­‐medicine-­‐eng.html