IPMS experiences on research for dairy development: Approaches and lessons

IPMS experiences on research for dairy development: Approaches and lessons

• 1.
  IPMS experiences onresearch for dairy development: Approaches and lessons Dirk Hoekstra, Azage Tegegne, Berhanu Gebremedhin and Tesfaye Lemma, IPMS-ILRI National Dairy Forum Addis Abeba Nov 23-24, 2010
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  Outline Types ofresearch Research modalities Research results/lessons
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  Type of Research Diagnostic research To generate quantitative and qualitative knowledge/understanding of the existing dairy value chain system and/or potential interventions Action research To generate quantitative and qualitative knowledge/understanding on the operations and effectiveness of interventions in the dairy value chain system, and distill lessons
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  Research modalities MScstudent thesis research Link research to development issues Involve students in development/capacity development activities Encourage students to present research to beneficiaries IPMS staff/consultants/partners Broader issues – value chain characterization, input and service supply effectiveness, broader baseline and impact household surveys Synthesis of findings and lessons
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  Main diagnostic dairystudies 10 Districts Gender baseline 10 Districts Baseline general 2 Districts, 1 milk shed Dairy value chain (butter and milk) 8 Districts Dairy innovation system – district and community 2 Districts Role of dairy cooperatives 5 Districts Dairy extension/knowledge/gender 4 Regions General livestock input/service delivery 5 Regions AI service delivery 4 Districts Dairy production and marketing system
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  Diagnostic research- resultsClear distinction between (peri) – urban fluid milk system and rural butter system Women’s role in dairy varies across Districts – milking, hygiene, dung collection, butter processing/sale – especially important in the rural butter system Productivity local cows 2-3 ltr/day/cow, cross breeds 5 -15 ltr/day/cow Baseline: 58% HH own cows, 2.2 % HH has cross breeds (1% cattle population). HH selling milk 12% and 25.7% selling butter AI service delivery 1.88 insemination/conception; 27% conception at first insemination
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  Diagnostic research -resultsPartners and roles: Role public sector as partner in the value chain characterized by emphasis on fluid milk system and supply of inputs/services perhaps resulting from a lack of economics of scale for the private sector in the initial stages of development. Small scale cooperatives often lack business orientation, managerial and leadership skills Limited involvement private sector to supply inputs and services Government role in regulating, linking and capacity development should be enhanced Farmer to farmer knowledge sharing (field visits) important strategy to improve skills, introduce new practices Lack of coordination/integration between value chain actors To stimulate demand dairy promotion should take place – school milk Dairy value chain: Supply – demand situation determines potential for collective action by producers and/or agri business development by private sector Producer – consumer most used market channel Role of cooperative in milk marketing limited
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  Main dairy valuechain interventions XXX Crop residue – treatment and concentrate feeding X XXX Cow management XXX - cooperative Milk collection/processing XX CAHW XXX XXX Back yard fodder XXXX X Grazing area enclosure Borana, Begait, Fogera – bull stations, AI - synch Friesian Holstein, Begait – private AI, bull stations Genetic improvement Rural butter system Urban fluid milk system Intervention
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  Action research RegularM&E (annual) “Impact” assessment (end of project) Household and gender survey Intervention specific studies
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  Action research –Lessons/Results Genetic improvement Local breeds in rural butter system appreciated Bull station in rural butter systems not functioning properly – new institutional arrangement proposed Estrus synchronization aimed at improving AI efficiency– requires considerable awareness raising local communities and public sector staff and organizational/institutional arrangements Grazing area enclosures Very good results in terms of biomass quantity and quality and suppression of weeds (Amicale) Different communal institutional arrangements and use observed Back yard fodder development FTC planting material demonstration/multiplication successful. Private farmer involvement in seed multiplication emerging
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  Action research -Lessons/Results Supplementary feeding: Urea treated straw showed daily milk yield increase of 1.2 l/cow/day Labour constraint observed by farmers – less labor intensive methods required Concentrate feeding accepted – organizational arrangements for supply CAHW More business orientation required Facilitate credit and capacity building Linking to the existing animal health system Milk collection/processing/sale Informal collective action to bulk milk in central location successful Cooperative collection, processing and sale in District centers varies – capacity is limited – 300 liters/day Private commercial collection, processing and sale by individual traders producers observed in several Districts Education/extension Universities changing to development based research Farmer to farmer knowledge sharing, practical training with follow up and husband/wife training are effective
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  Generic Lessons Dairy development is a continuous location specific process which requires new and different responses in time and space Successful dairy development value chain requires more integration and coordination between actors Research can be made more efficient and effective by prioritizing research topics, adopting common methodologies, involving graduate students Priority needs to be paid to development and testing viability and impact of alternative input/service delivery system and processing systems at PA/District level in particular collective action by producers, and/or the public or private sector for Forage seed/planting Genetic improvement Health service Small scale dairy processing
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  Thank you