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Presentation on Dye Penetrant Testing
- 1. Presented by Md. ArmanHossain SAJ Industrial & Inspection Company
- 2. Introduction of DPT Dye penetrant inspection (DPI), also called liquid penetrate inspection (LPI) or penetrant testing (PT), is a widely applied and low-cost inspection method for all non-porous materials (metals, plastics, or ceramics)
- 3. What is DPT Liquidpenetrant testing is a method that is used to reveal surface breaking flaws by bleed-out of a colored or fluorescent dye from the flaw.
- 4. History of DPT The oil and whiting method used in the railroad industry in the early 1900s was the first recognized use of the principles of penetrants to detect cracks. The oil and whiting method used an oil solvent for cleaning followed by the application of a whiting or chalk coating, which absorbed oil from the cracks revealing their locations. Soon a dye was added to the liquid. By the 1940s, fluorescent or visible dye was added to the oil used to penetrate test objects
- 5. Advantage of DPT Sensitive to small surface discontinuities Can inspect metal and non-metal Works on complex geometric shapes Visual, real-world results portable Liquid penetrant testing materials are individually very affordable Its relatively easy to use
- 6. Disadvantage or Laminationof DPT Only sensitive to surface-breaking defects Surface must be clean properly Can not inspect porous meter metal generally No depth sizing User dependent Some rubber and plastics may be affected by penetrant material
- 7. Porous metal Porous metalis a metal which has large volume of pore or voids.
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- 9. Usage material inDPT 1. Cleaner 2. Penetrant 3. Developer 4. Black light for fluorescent method Cleaner : is a remover .it is use to clean the test surface or remove the surface from oil,dust,rust and other contaminant.
- 10. Penetrant penetrant means whichhave penetrate ability .dye penetrant penetrate into discontinuity of specimen by capillary action. which produces contrasting indications against the white developer background Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance.it occur cause of adhesion and cohesion.
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- 12. Classification of penetrant Penetrantare three types – 1.Visible dye penetrant 2.Fluorescent dye penetrant 3.Duel sensitivity penetrant Each types of penetrant is again classified into tree groups according to their removal process. 1.Sovlent removal penetrant 2.Water washable penetrant 3.Post emulsifiable penetrant
- 13. Visible penetrant This typesof penetrant visible in normal light and containing visible colour. normally red colour.
- 14. Fluorescent penetrant Fluorescent penetrant: this types of penetrant is colourless and not visible in normal light. require ultraviolet or black light to visible the penetrant.
- 15. Duel sensitivity penetrant: thistypes of penetrant combines of visible penetrant and fluorescent penetrant . indication can be visible under normal light also black light.
- 16. Water washable penetrant Waterwashable penetrant is Remove by water . It is in-built in emulsifier and easily washable in water. Suitable for rough surface or thread .Poor reliability for wide and shallow discontinuity
- 17. Solvent removable penetrant Thistype of penetrant is remove by solvent. Main advantage of this type of penetrant is portability and excellent for checking a large part remote area
- 18. Post Emulsifiable penetrant Emulsifierapply on this type of penetrant .emulsifier react with penetrant and make it water washable . then apply water to remove penetrant.
- 19. Emulsifier Emulsifier is aone type of detergent agent . which react with penetrant and make penetrant water washable. There are two types of emulsifier , that are- 1.lipophilic-oil based detergent 2.hydrophilic-water based detergent
- 20. Developer Developer is highlyabsorbent, the penetrant is drawn out from the discontinuity by it blotting action . The developer are basically are two types 1. Dry developer 2. Wet developer-wet developer are two types a) aqueous developer- I. Water suspension type II. Water soluble type a) Non-aqueous developer
- 21. Dry developer Dry developersare white, fluffy high absorbent powders that can be applied to a thoroughly dry surface. It’s usually used on fluorescent penetrant.
- 22. Aqueous wet developer thistypes of developer is water based developer . Water suspension :a suspension of absorptive white powder suspend in water , water soluble : a water –soluble absorptive white powder in water . the water suspension type developer requires agitation during use . the water soluble developer need not require agitation. Water soluble type water suspension type
- 23. Non-aqueous developer Non-aqueous developeris a suspension of absorptive white powder in solvent . prior to application requires agitation.
- 24. black light black lightis the ultraviolet light . which supply the light of wavelength 365 nm . the ultraviolet light wavelength is below the visible light wavelength. The intensity of black light should be minimum 1000mw/cm2
- 25. Classification of DPT Depend on portability 1. Portable dye penetrant testing 2. Stationary dye penetrant testing Portable DPT Stationary DPT
- 26. Dye penetrant testingnaturally are classified according to the penetrant medium . Depend on the penetrant medium dye penetrant testing are 1. Visible dye penetrant testing 2. Fluorescent dye penetrant testing 3. Dual sensitivity dye penetrant testing Each system classified into 3 method according to remove process- 1. Water washable dye penetrant testing 2. Solvent removable dye penetrant testing 3. Post emulsifiable dye penetrant testing
- 27. Principle of DPT penetrantto be drawn into a "clean" surface breaking flaw by capillary action. After dwell time excess surface penetrant is removed and developer applied. It draw out the penetrant from the flaw by blotter action.
- 28. During DPT inspection,we have to follow some step .this step are- 1. Pre –cleaning of the test part 2. Application of penetrant and wait for dwell time 3. Removal of excess penetrant from test surface 4. Apply developer 5. Inspection and evaluation of indication 6. Post clean
- 29. Pre-clean Apply penetrant remove Apply developer Post clean Fig: Flow chart for Visible and Fluorescent Dye Penetrant Testing alkaline steam Apply water washable penetrant Solvent washVapor degrease Paint stripperMechanical wash detergentUltrasonic wash Water wash Water washSolvent wipe-off dry Apply removerApply emulsifier Dry Apply solvent removable penetrant Apply post emulsifiable penetrant Aqueous developer Developer(dry or non-aqueous Dry Developer(dry or non-aqueous) inspect DetergentWater rinse Dry Mechanical wash Dry Vapour degrease Solvent soak Ultrasonic clean Dry
- 30. step water washabledye solvent removable dye post emulsifiable dye penetrant system penetrant system penetrant system pre clean apply solvent or others apply solvent or others apply solvent or others Apply penetrant and apply water washable dye apply solvent removable dye apply post emulsifiable dye wait for dwell time. Penetrant Penetrant Penetrant apply emulsifier or remover Remove excess apply water apply solvent remover apply water Penetrant Dry aqueous Dry aqueous Developer Developer Apply Developer Dry or non- Dry apply dry or non-aqueous developer Dry or non- Dry aqueous dev. aqueous dev. Inspection inspection Inspection inspection Post cleaning apply solvent remover or other Apply solvent remover or other apply solvent remover or other
- 31. Indication in DPT Penetrantindication are classified into three group 1.True indication-true indication presence cause of true discontinuity of the part. 2.Irrelevant indication- this type of indication is not form due to true discontinuity of the part 3.False indication- it also not form due to true discontinuity.
- 32. True indication Linear indicationRound indication
- 33. Irrelevant indication cv Arc strike Mechanicaldamage spatter
- 34. Sometimes it isnecessary to record the indication for use in the report and inspection record for future reference, this recording can be accomplished by any other following - Photography- Recording or indication
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