![OBS
EPS
Project
wizard
Calendars
WBS
Activity
Relationship
Resources
50
NOTE:
Resource Leveling
Resource leveling as defined by PMBOK is a "technique in which start and finish
dates are adjusted based on resource constraints with the goal of balancing
demand for resources with the available supply".
When performing project planning activities, the manager will attempt to schedule
certain tasks simultaneously. When more resources such as machines or people are
needed than are available, or perhaps a specific person is needed in both tasks, the
tasks will have to be rescheduled concurrently or even sequentially to manage the
constraint. Project planning resource leveling is the process of resolving these
conflicts. It can also be used to balance the workload of primary resources over the
course of the project[s], usually at the expense of one of the traditional triple
constraints](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/primaverap6manual-230425055552-5e074e00/85/PRIMAVERA-P6-manual-pptx-51-320.jpg)
![OBS
EPS
Project
wizard
Calendars
WBS
Activity
Relationship
Resources
56
NOTE:
The physical progress of an activity is a manually-entered value determined by the
user.
Duration percent Complete in Primavera is calculated as ( [Original Duration] – [
remaining Duration] ) / [Original Duration]
Schedule Percent Complete Program calculates this percent complete as you start
to schedule your program. it gives you the planned percent complete of each
activity as of schedule date.
Percent complete](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/primaverap6manual-230425055552-5e074e00/85/PRIMAVERA-P6-manual-pptx-57-320.jpg)
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PRIMAVERA P6 manual.pptx
- 2. Basic overview Length of course 3 days or 8hrs a day Pre-requisite Background in project management knowledgeable in windows environment Training level Basic 1
- 3. Course Outline 1st day • Introduction • Primavera Interface • Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS) • Enterprise Project Structure (EPS) • Project creation • Calendars • Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) • Activities and Activity code 2
- 4. Course Outline 2nd day • Relationship • Activity network view • Constraints • Resources • Expenses 3
- 5. Course Outline 3rd day • Baseline • Resource leveling • Schedule update • Percent complete • Primavera layout • Printing • Reports 4
- 6. Exercise 1 Primavera Workspace (Project) 5
- 7. Exercise 1 Primavera Workspace (Activity) 6
- 8. OBS • Responsible manager • Hierarchal structure of people/Group of people in the organization OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources Project Manager Engineer 1 Foreman 1 Foreman 2 Engineer 2 Foreman 3 7
- 9. EPS OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 8 • Sorting of projects • Hierarchal structure of projects grouped according to division, location, as needed in the project Company A Engineering department Location A Location B Finance department Accounting
- 10. Project wizard OBS EPS Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 9 3 ways to access the project wizard • Project command toolbar > New • Menu bar > File > New • Ctrl + N Project wizard
- 11. Exercise 2 EPS/OBS OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 10 You are the scheduler for the Xerneas Construction Inc. Management has assigned you to create a schedule using primavera, currently you are assigned to Project Alpha which is on the set to start next year. before starting the project all contractors must be identified before March 16, 2015. 1. Close all project (ctrl+w, shortcut key for closing all projects) 2. The workspace that should be open is the Project workspace. Go to the Menu Bar > Enterprise > OBS 3. Create an OBS structure similar to the given below, write in the OBS description of their respective position Xerneas President Support manager HR manager Admin manager Programs manager PM for Project Alpha PM for Project Beta
- 12. Exercise 2 EPS/OBS OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 11 4. Create an EPS structure similar to the given below, go to Menu Bar > Enterprise > OBS 5. Click the ellipsis , then choose select the respective OBS for each department. 6. Create a new project by accessing the project wizard, use Ctrl + N - Select EPS > PA / Project Alpha - Project ID > PAB - Project Name > Project Alpha Building
- 13. Exercise 2 EPS/OBS OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 12 - Planned start date > March 16, 2015 at 8:00 - Must finish by leave it blank - Responsible Manager > Gerald Arroyo - Rate type, accept default - click finish 7. The project name should now be shown on the title bar of the primavera software. 8. Highlight the Project Alpha Building in the Project table so that we can edit its details. 9. Go to the Project Details > Dates Tab, edit the following data - Set the Data date to March 16, 2015 - Set the Anticipated Start to March 16, 2015 - Set the Anticipated finish to May 26, 2015 10. The bar chart should be displayed on the gantt chart, select the project in the project table then double click on the gantt chart.
- 14. Exercise 2 EPS/OBS OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 13 11. Add a notebook topic in the notebook tab, Project details > Notebook. Copy the set-up shown below.
- 15. Calendars OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 14 3 types of Calendars - Global - Resource - Personal - Shared - Project Calendar Calculation 5 days per week: Mon – Fri Project duration: 16 days Holiday: 18th Start: 2nd Finish?
- 16. Exercise 3 Calendars OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 15 In the Project Alpha, two calendars will be observed, the first calendar would be for the administrative staff. The first calendar would be a 5 day work week 8 hours per day Mon to Fri. The second calendar would be used by the construction team who would be observing a 7 day work week 8 hours per day Mon to Sun. Listed below are all the observed holidays by the company for 2015: 1. New Year (Jan 1) 2. Holy Week (April 16, 17 and 18) 3. All Saints and All Souls day (Nov 1 and 2) 4. Christmas break (Dec 24 to 25 and Dec 30 to 31) Before proceeding to our exercise, use assigned calendar to specify the number of work hours for each time period must be checked. You can locate this under Admin Preferences > Time Periods.
- 17. Exercise 3 Calendars OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 16 Creating a 5 day per week 8 hrs per day calendar 1. Go to Menu Bar > Enterprise > Calendars 2. Click on the Global radio button 3. Create a new global calendar by clicking ADD, then select the most appropriate calendar such as “Standard 5 days workweek” *note: Do not modify the existing default calendars 4. Rename the newly created calendar to “PAB 5 days” then click MODIFY 5. Select the Detailed work hours/day radio button 6. Set the holidays 7. Click the Workweek button to open the Calendar week hours form. 8. Select the days Monday to Friday then set the time to 8:00 to 17:00 with lunch break from 12:00 to 13:00 9. Set the time periods to 8 for hrs/day, 40 for hrs/wk, 168 for hrs/m and 2016 for hrs/yr
- 18. Exercise 3 Calendars OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 17 Creating a 7 day per week 8 hrs per day calendar 1. Create a new calendar named “PAB 7 days” 2. Work hours would be 8:00 to 17:00 with 12:00 to 13:00 lunch break 3. Same holidays as the previous calendar 4. Compute for the new Time Periods
- 19. WBS OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 18 A Work Breakdown Structure or WBS is used to categorize activities under a hierarchal structure WBS workspace can only be accessed only after the creation of a new project
- 20. Exercise 4 WBS OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 19 Construction of the Project Alpha building was divided into three phases • Pre-construction phase • Construction phase • Close-out 1. To access the WBS workspace, go to Directory toolbar > look for the WBS icon 2. To add a WBS to the workspace you can do either of the following: right click the mouse on the WBS table > select add click the add icon on the WBS command toolbar press the Insert button on the keyboard 3. Add the three phases into the WBS table
- 21. Exercise 4 WBS OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 20 4. The output should be similar to the one shown below 5. If not click on the WBS Code column header to show the hierarchy of the WBS, the one encircled above 6. If the order of the WBS is not as shown above, use the shift keys found on the WBS command toolbar to change the order of the WBS 7. Go to the Activity workspace, the output should be similar to the one shown below if not press F5 to refresh the workspace
- 22. Activity OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 21 Activity Definition is the process of “identifying the specific schedule activities that need to be performed to produce the various project deliverables“ PMBOK3 Activity scheduling involves planning and timetabling specific activities with clients. A principle of activity scheduling is to state what activity the client agrees to engage in rather than how much they will accomplish. Web definition
- 23. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 22 1. Before adding any activities, we need to set-up first the activity defaults 2. Go to Project workspace > select your project > go to the bottom layout or the project details > select the Defaults tab 3. Set the auto numbering defaults and the calendars of your project as shown below; Activity ID Prefix: PAB, Calendar: PAB 7 days Exercise 5 Activity PAB 7 days PAB
- 24. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 23 4. We can now add activities to our Activity workspace, shown below are the activities for the project; Exercise 5 Activity
- 25. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 24 5. Directly type the activity name and original duration to the activity table, and assign the appropriate activity type and calendar to each activity 6. Schedule the project by pressing F9, set the Data date to March 16, 2015 the Gantt chart should look like the picture below Exercise 5 Activity
- 26. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 25 Predecessor – an activity that controls the start or finish of another immediate subsequent activity Successor – an activity where the start or finish depends on the start or finish of another immediately preceding activity Adding of Relationship Start Engine Drive PREDECESSOR SUCESSOR
- 27. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 26 Relationship types Adding of Relationship PREDECESSOR SUCCESOR PREDECESSOR SUCCESOR PREDECESSOR SUCCESOR PREDECESSOR SUCCESOR FS SS FF SF
- 28. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 27 Adding of Relationship PREDECESSOR SUCCESOR • Start to Finish (SF) with negative lag PREDECESSOR SUCCESOR A Lag is a duration that is applied to a dependency to make the successor start or finish earlier or later. • Start to Finish (SF) with positive lag
- 29. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 28 1. After being able to add all the activities, we can now add logical sequence in which these activities are connected 2. Insert the logic linkages shown below using any of the techniques discussed earlier Exercise 6 Relationship
- 30. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 29 3. After having assigning all the relationship, you can now schedule your project by pressing F9 set the data date to March 16, 2015 4. Click the relationship line icon on the Activity toolbar to show and hide the relationship lines, the Gantt chart should look like the picture below Exercise 6 Relationship
- 31. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 30 • Comes from the root words PERT (Project Evaluation and Review Technique) & CPM (Critical Path Method) • A tool used to schedule and organize tasks or activities in a project by putting them together in an activity network form • One of the main features of PERT/CPM is the use of a network or precedence diagram which clearly indicates which of the activities must be performed in the sequence and which can be performed independently with each other. Activity Network View
- 32. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 31 Critical Path Activity Network View • The Critical Path is the shortest duration that a project may be completed in • And a delay to any activity will delay the end date of the project
- 33. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 32 Free Float Activity Network View The Free Float is the amount of time an activity may be delayed without delaying another activity -Displayed only as a column
- 34. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 33 Free Float Activity Network View The Total Float is the amount of time an activity may be delayed without delaying the end of a project. • An activity with Total Float may delay another activity, may be displayed in a column and in the Gantt Chart, as per the thin black bar below
- 35. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 34 Understanding floats Activity Network View • A positive float indicates that the activity may be delayed without delaying the project • A zero float indicates that the activity cannot be delayed without delaying the project • A negative float value indicates that the project is behind schedule and the negative time value indicates the amount of that delay
- 36. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 35 Early dates, Late dates and float calculation Activity Network View • The forward pass calculates the early dates • Start the calculation from the first activity and work forward in time • Early Start = Always Given • Early Finish = ES + DUR – 1
- 37. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 36 Early dates, Late dates and float calculation Activity Network View • The backward pass calculates the late dates • Start the calculation at the last activity and work backwards in time • Late finish = Early Finish if no deadline • = Given deadline • Late Start = LF – DUR + 1 • Total project duration = EF of last activity
- 38. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 37 Activity Network View • Total Float is the difference between either the Late Finish and the Early Finish or the difference between the Late Start and the Early Start of an activity • LF – EF or LS – ES ES = 4 EF = 8 Activity A 5 days LS = 4 LF = 8 Float = 0 ES = 9 EF = 14 Activity B 6 days LS = 9 LF = 14 Float = 0 ES = 15 EF = 18 Activity D 4 days LS = 15 LF = 18 Float = 0 ES = 9 EF = 10 Activity C 2 days LS = 13 LF = 14 Float = 4
- 39. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 38 Constraints Activity Constraints • Start On - no Total Float, but may develop Negative Float • Start On or After - Early Start constraint • Finish On - no Total Float, but may develop Negative Float • Finish On or Before - Late Finish constraint • Mandatory Start • Mandatory Finish • Expected Finish calculates the Remaining Duration of an activity • As Late as Possible consumes Free Float NOTE: • Before - Late • After - Early
- 40. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 39 NOTE: Exercise 7 Constraints 1. Observe the calculated finish date and the critical path of the project before applying any constraints 2. Format the columns, Display the Activity ID, Activity Name, Original Duration, Start, Finish, Total Float and Free Float columns. 3. Format the bars. Display the Float Bars (Total Float Bar) and Negative Float bar (Negative Float Bar) 4. Top management requires that the project would be finish on October 1, 2015. Apply a finish on or before constraint in the Move-in activity in the status bar 5. Schedule the project, observe the changes 6. Remove the finish on or before constraint on the Move-in activity. Go to the Project workspace > select your project > assign a must finish by date October 1, 2015 7. Go back to the Activity workspace then schedule your project observe the changes
- 41. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 40 NOTE: Exercise 7 Constraints 8. Remove the must finish by date on the Project workspace by highlighting the date the pressing the delete button on the keyboard 9. Again apply a must Finish on or before constraint on the Move-in activity, 10. Due to the high demand of roofing materials on the month of June you are required to delay the Roofing activity until August 1, 2015 to get a lower price from suppliers. Assign a Start on or after constraint on the roofing activity 11. Reschedule your project then observe the changes
- 42. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 41 NOTE: Exercise 7 Constraints 12. The Gantt chart should look similar to the one shown below
- 43. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 42 NOTE: Resources and Expenses Labor As the name indicates, this resource category will contain all the resources that come under time-based usage. Example are engineers, carpenter, laborer Non-Labor Like labor, we can place resources under this category which have time- based usage. Generally Equipments and/or Machinery can be placed under this category. Materials Unlike the above two, those resources which are consumables in the project can be placed under this category. As the name shows, we can assign our material resources under this category. For these type of resources, first we have to define a unit via Admin > Admin Categories > Units of Measure
- 44. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 43 NOTE: Exercise 8 Resources 1. We can now add resources to our project. Make sure that the Project Alpha is open 2. Go to the Resource workspace, add the resources shown below
- 45. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 44 NOTE: Exercise 8 Resources 3. After completely adding all the resources in the resource workspace we can now assign these resources to our activities 4. Using any of the techniques in discussed, assign the following resource to each activities
- 46. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 45 NOTE: Exercise 8 Resources 5. Change the budgeted units of the tiles for the activity floor finishes to 1,000 6. Add an expense cost to the activity Site work and name it hauling, see the picture below; Expense item: Hauling, Budgeted cost: 100,000
- 47. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 46 NOTE: Exercise 8 Resources 7. Edit the Activity table to show the estimated cost for the project, as shown in the picture below
- 48. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 47 NOTE: Baseline Prior to starting the update process a Baseline or Contract Schedule must be developed and established. “The primary outcome of the schedule development process is an as-planned schedule model that becomes the schedule control baseline for project control plan implementation.” The term, ‘Baseline’ typically refers to the accepted as-planned schedule submitted at project inception. Primavera defines a baseline as a “snapshot” of the project plan against which the project’s cost, schedule, and performance can be measured. A baseline can be the project’s as-planned schedule, a statused or periodic as-built schedule, a ‘what-if’ scenario, a time impact analysis, etc.
- 49. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 48 NOTE: Exercise 9 Baseline 1. In creating a baseline first make sure that the project you want to make a baseline is open 2. Edit the Gantt chart to show the baseline bar, right click on the Gantt chart > select Bars > check the box for the Primary Baseline 3. To save a copy of your current project go to the menu bar > project > then select Maintain Baseline 4. To maintain a baseline click add, then select save a copy of the current project as a new baseline 5. After maintaining a baseline we now need to assign it to our project, go to the menu bar > project > assign baseline 6. Set the project baseline to Project Alpha Building-B1 7. Also set the user baseline for the primary baseline to Project Alpha Building-B1
- 50. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 49 NOTE: Exercise 9 Baseline 10. Shown below is the output of the newly created baseline
- 51. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 50 NOTE: Resource Leveling Resource leveling as defined by PMBOK is a "technique in which start and finish dates are adjusted based on resource constraints with the goal of balancing demand for resources with the available supply". When performing project planning activities, the manager will attempt to schedule certain tasks simultaneously. When more resources such as machines or people are needed than are available, or perhaps a specific person is needed in both tasks, the tasks will have to be rescheduled concurrently or even sequentially to manage the constraint. Project planning resource leveling is the process of resolving these conflicts. It can also be used to balance the workload of primary resources over the course of the project[s], usually at the expense of one of the traditional triple constraints
- 52. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 51 NOTE: 1. Display the Activity Usage Spreadsheet by clicking on the button, the following picture shows the number of hours per task, adjust the timescale to weeks Exercise 10 Resource leveling
- 53. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 52 NOTE: 2. Display the Resource Usage Spreadsheet by clicking on the use the Display, Filter option in the bottom left window to display the Current Project’s Resource only. Exercise 10 Resource leveling
- 54. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 53 NOTE: 3. Display the Resource Usage Profile by clicking on the Exercise 10 Resource leveling
- 55. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 54 NOTE: 4. At this point in time the resources may be optimized by a number of methods including: Assigning a different resource, or Adding sequencing logic to level, or Using Primavera leveling function Exercise 10 Resource leveling 5. To level resources using Primavera go to Tools > Level Resources
- 56. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 55 NOTE: 4. There should be a window similar to what is shown below, un-check all option except preserve early and late dates, then click select resources then chose Project Manager 5. After selecting Project Manager observe the changes Exercise 10 Resource leveling
- 57. OBS EPS Project wizard Calendars WBS Activity Relationship Resources 56 NOTE: The physical progress of an activity is a manually-entered value determined by the user. Duration percent Complete in Primavera is calculated as ( [Original Duration] – [ remaining Duration] ) / [Original Duration] Schedule Percent Complete Program calculates this percent complete as you start to schedule your program. it gives you the planned percent complete of each activity as of schedule date. Percent complete