Principles and Ethical Issues of Psychotherapies
- 1. Dhaka Medical College and Hospital Presented By Bidhan Sarkar Trainee Clinical Psychologist Department of Psychiatry Dhaka Medical College and Hospital Supervised By Dr Md Rashidul Haque Registrar Department of Psychiatry Dhaka Medical College and Hospital Principles and Ethical issues of psychotherapies
- 2. What is psychotherapy? Psychotherapy is a systematic and scientific way of changing thought emotion or behavior of a person which is based on psychological principle .
- 3. Common factors in psychotherapies Therapeutic relationship Active listening Release of Emotion Restoration of morale
- 4. Common factors in psychotherapies Providing information Providing rational for treatment Advice and guidance Suggestion
- 5. Ethical issues Beneficence and non maleficence Fidelity and responsibility Autonomy Integrity Justice Respect for people right & dignity Informed Consent Confidentiality
- 6. Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) • Individual conceptualization of each patient • Requires a sound therapeutic alliance • Emphasizes on collaboration and active participations • Problem-focused • Emphasizes the present
- 7. Cognitive Behavior Therapy contd… • Work on relapse prevention • Time limited • Identify, evaluate & respond to dysfunctional thoughts & beliefs • Use a variety of techniques
- 8. Behavior Therapy • Concentrates more on behavior • Maladaptive behavior acquired though learning • Specific clear treatment goals
- 9. Behavior Therapy contd… • Based on learning principles to modifying maladaptive behavior. • Rejects classical trait theory • Adapt methods according to client problem • Concentrates on present
- 10. Brief Psychodynamic Therapy (BPT) • Emphasis on intra psychic & unconscious conflict • Importance on defense mechanism development • Psychopathology develop in Early childhood • Experience organized interpersonal relation
- 11. Brief Psychodynamic Therapy (BPT) • Transference and counter-transference • Free association as a major method • Focusing on interpretations of transference • Therapeutic alliance: therapist and patient trust
- 12. Interpersonal Therapy (IPT ) • Improving communication pattern • Varied depending on patient needs • Identified the communication pattern • Helps to express emotion in a healthy way
- 13. Family (systemic) Therapy • Intervention promoting Cohesion • Intervention promoting Adaptability • Developmental influences • Focus on family structure and process
- 14. Family (systemic) Therapy • Focus on surface behavior • Dysfunctional transactional patterns • Link between surface behavior and developmental history • Current factors leading to the presenting problem
- 15. Couple therapy • Changes the views of the relationship • Decreases emotional avoidance • Adult love should be more explicit • Behavior must be considered in the context • Improves communication
- 16. Dialectic behavior Therapy (DBT) • Used in borderline personality disorder • To assure patient’s behavior and feeling are valid • Emphasize on patient and therapist relationship • Therapist coaches the patient to
- 17. Dialectic behavior Therapy (DBT) • Enhance capability and motivation • Activate non-mood-dependent behavior • Improve emotion regulation • Acceptance and mindfulness
- 18. Group therapy • Universality • Altruism • Installing hope • Imparting information • Development of the socialization technique • Imitative behavior
- 19. Group therapy • Cohesiveness • Existential factors • Catharsis • Interpersonal learning • Self understanding
- 20. Client centered psychotherapy • Congruence and genuineness • Relationship between therapist and client • Unconditional positive regard and acceptance • Accurate empathetic understanding
- 21. Client centered psychotherapy • Focuses on the client’s conscious experience rather than on therapist theory or techniques • A warm , trusting and accepting relationship is the main ingredient • Client individuality help to growth as a person • Therapist must adopt and communicated three interrelated attitudes • 1. unconditional positive regard • 2. Empathy • 3. Congruence
- 22. Gestalt Therapy • The Nature of People • The Here and Now • Unfinished Business • Energy and blocks to energy • The Therapist’s function and role
- 23. Brief Counselling • Exploring emotional problems • Short and simplest form • Supportive and sympathetic listening • Addressing a current crisis
- 24. Thank You &