principles of environment

principles of environment

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  WELCOME
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  PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENT
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  INTRODUCTION  “Environment” isthe surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.  Environment is the sum total of all surroundings of a living organism, including natural forces and other living things, which provide conditions for development and growth  The mobility of the environment governs some principles.
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  1. PRINCIPLE OFDEPENDENCE AND MUTUAL INFLUENCE 2. PRINCIPLE OF BALANCE 3. PRINCIPLE OF UNITY (ONENESS) 4. PRINCIPLE OF DIVERSITY 5. PRINCIPLE OF ACTIVE TENDENCY (RESISTIVE NATURE) 6. PRINCIPLE OF CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION 7. PRINCIPLE OF ADAPTATION 8. PRINCIPLE OF ENERGY FLOW 9. PRINCIPLE OF GROWTH 10. PRINCIPLE OF BEHAVIOUR
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  • Every componentdepend on others • This mutual relationship is known as interaction Eg: Amount of rainfall and growth of trees in an area 1.PRINCIPLE OF DEPENDENCE AND MUTUAL INFLUENCE
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  2. PRINCIPLE OFBALANCE Due to the interaction among the components, the environment remains more or less stable. The ability of nature to stabilize itself is known as the ecological balance . This balance regulated through food chains and food webs Eg: The excess CO2 in the atmosphere converted into carbon is by shell bearing organisms of the sea.
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  3. PRINCIPLE OFUNITY (ONENESS) (“We are all creatures of one family- St. francis Assissi)  All organisms are made up of same structural and functional units- the ‘cells’  Because of same chemical build up, substance produced by one organism are usually digested and assimilated by others.  Substances prepared artificially by man such as plastics, glass etc.. cannot be accepted or recycled by other organisms
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  4. PRINCIPLE OFDIVERSITY Composed of different elements The inclusion of different types of people (as people of different cultures) Organisms differ in terms of their morphological, anatomical and physiological characteristics This diversity gives stability to the environment Eg: removal of one type of trees may not adversely affect ecological balance
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  5. PRINCIPLE OFACTIVE TENDENCY (RESISTIVE NATURE)  Organisms can develop resistance against man made substances, which is termed as active tendency or resistive tendency of organisms Eg: mosquitoes becoming resistant to DDT and other insecticides
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  6. PRINCIPLE OFCONTINUOUS PRODUCTION  We can obtain various useful products from animals and plants  Population of these organisms continually change  nature has its own checks and balances to keep most population within rather narrow limits  An understanding of this helps in judicious management of natural resources
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  7. PRINCIPLE OFADAPTATION Adaptation also called an adaptive trait It is a trait with a current functional role in the life history of an organism that is maintained and evolved by means of natural selection.
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  8. PRINCIPLE OFENERGY FLOW  Also called the calorific flow  It refers to the flow of energy through a food chain.  In an ecosystem, ecologists seek to quantify the relative importance of different component species and feeding relationships  Primary producers => Secondary Consumers => Tertiary Consumers => Decomposers.
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  9. PRINCIPLE OFGROWTH Refers to a positive change in size, often over a period of time. Growth can occur as a stage of maturation or a process toward fullness or fulfilment. It can also perpetuate endlessly
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  10. PRINCIPLE OFBEHAVIOUR Behaviour is the range of actions and mannerisms made by organisms, systems, or artificial entities in conjunction with themselves or their environment
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  CONCLUSION  Nature knowsbest  All forms of life are important.  Everything is connected to everything else  Everything changes  Everything goes somewhere  Ours is a finite earth  Nature is beautiful and we are stewards of God’s creation
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  THANK YOU