Private Sector Collaboration

Editor's Notes

• #3 PATH is headquartered in Seattle, and we have 30 offices in 20 countries ( Belgium, Cambodia, China, Côte d'Ivoire, France, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Nicaragua, Peru, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, Ukraine, Vietnam, Zambia, and the United States) . We have more than 800 staff worldwide. We work in more than 70 countries.
• #5 TMA= Public and private sectors coordinate to provide family planning services to different segments of the population. Why do we have to do this? Donors are leaving middle-income countries and user demand is increasing. Government doesn’t have enough resources to pay for current and future needs. Therefore, they are at risk of decreased contraceptive prevalence. Our project goal : To enhance equitable and sustained access to family planning by maximizing country readiness to implement a total market approach. Expected results: Increase contraceptive prevalence and reduce unmet need. Enhance financial sustainability. Increase access and equity
• #6 In this project, this is who we mean by private sector Many examples in Latin America where the Social Security system contracts with private commercial providers to provide services to its insurees. Also is informal private sector – home, drug sellers, traditional healers,
• #7 First, approximately 70% women using family planning; unmet need is ~11%. These data are for those women who are using contraception. What do you see? the public sector serves a much larger portion of family planning clients of the low socio-economic quintiles, covering more than 80 percent of quintiles 1 and 2 and only 41 per cent of the highest quintile. The private sector sources serve a greater share of wealthier clients (60 per cent in quintile 5), particularly in pharmacies. Very few women from the poorest quintile obtain their contraceptives from private sources. A growing percentage of the richest quintile obtain their supplies from clinics, hospitals and private practitioners as well as PROFAMILIA, other NGOs and INSS contracted clinics. Challenge is to DECREASE the share of Q 4, 5 who still use public sector. Not shown here, but more than 40% of SS insurees are going to the public sector instead of their own clinics. So we may focus on how to promote the INSS contract clinics – FP guidelines, promotion of services, procurement of supplies MOH 68%, NGO 10%, pharmacies 15%, private 4%, INSS 4% This is about shifting the role of the government from a provider to all to a steward of all.
• #8 Globally, many people seek care for tuberculosis and sexually transmitted infections from private providers because of the stigma that these diseases carry. Adolescents go to pharmacists because of the convenience, anonymity and privacy. Yet, pharmacists are not always equipped to provide clients with information about specific illnesses such as HIV/AIDS or tuberculosis (TB). Recognizing pharmacists’ front-line role, PATH has collaborated with pharmacies and physicians in Kenya, Nicaragua, Cambodia, Ukraine, and Vietnam to direct clients toward appropriate treatment and support services. Worked with private providers to strengthen interpersonal skills and technical knowledge Worked with private provider to develop appropriate client referrals (for clinical services, diagnosis or treatment) Worked with the National Tuberculosis Programs to establish links between private-sector pharmacies and formal TB treatment services. Incorporated curriculum into undergraduate pharmacy course and continuing education programs
• #9 Conclusions: many examples where private sector channels or approaches are very appropriate for health provision. Not a question of public vs. private – its about using ALL the ways you can to reach diverse audiences. Another way to look at it is that the private sector already plays a role, so let’s see how it can be used most effectively to improve health. There is proof that private sector does not adversely affect equity and that many interventions have worked successfully in poor communities – bednets, diarrheal disease treatments, contraceptives… Private sector initiatives build overall access and boost overall use (for example, contraceptive use in Indonesia, Morocco, Kenya, Ghana) see Health policy and planning 2008. Sohail Agha and Mai Do.
• #10 This is the area that PATH is very well known for. Transferring technology developed or owned by PATH – Ultrarice, Uniject Supporting development or adaptation of a private partner’s product – HPV diagnostic, rota vaccine, malaria vaccine Supporting introduction of a private partner’s product – HPV vaccine, VVM Working with industry to advance a class of products – autodisable syringes PATH has successfully advance and facilitated the commercial introduction of more than 50 new technologies to improve public health in developing countries. I’ll give some examples….
• #11 by The Tech Museum of Innovation All of these were made possible because of the private sector. Fortified (iron, zinc, folic acid) rice to combat micronutrient malnutrition. The technology for Ultra Rice was granted to PATH over a decade ago. So far, PATH has licensed its technology to producers in Brazil, Columbia, and India. Brazil has two government-sponsored Ultra Rice trials coming up in February 2010, and a pasta manufacturer in West Bengal produces Ultra Rice for 60,000 kids as part of the Indian government's Mid-day Meal Scheme. In 2007, The Tech Museum selected PATH’s Vaccine Vial Monitor (VVM) as a Tech Award Laureate in the health category. The VVM is a heat-sensitive label for vaccine vials that provides information on temperature exposure—helping health care workers to ensure children receive safe, potent immunizations that have not been damaged by heat. Laureate status was also bestowed onto PATH in 2003 for its Uniject™ device, a prefilled, single-use injection device that makes injections easier to give and faciliatates outreach.
• #13 This next set of slides is courtesy of Steve Brooke, my colleague at PATH who is a senior commercialization adviser.
• #16 Science: Is the science known? Or is it yet to be discovered? Intellectual property : Who owns the intellectual property? Is it a single entity? Is it PATH, public sector, private sector loosely held, private sector tightly held? Time to market : How long is the product development cycle? How much of the product development life cycle, through regulatory approval, is still ahead of us? Where we are in the product development cycle (early, middle, late) How long of a commitment is anticipated? Market : How clear is the market? How attractive is the market? Is it a dual market product? If not, then we need more leverage. Health system readiness: Length / complexity of introduction Deal complexity: Is it a complex deal with multiple partners, multiple licenses, etc? Convergence of goals: Do the goals of the collaborator align with PATH’s goals, or are they pursuing a different direction? (e.g., InterCell pursuing pneumo for elderly vs. PATH pursuing for children) Other factors: Characteristics of collaborator: Is the collaborator big pharma or small biotech? Publicly traded / privately held? How broad is the field of potential partners (e.g., if the science is known we can pick; if not, then it’s a more limited field of potential partners) Barriers to entry / magnitude of entry costs (e.g., R&D, capital costs) Type of technology (e.g., device, vaccine, etc.) Degree of public health impact Is the technology we hope to partner with a company on a part of their core technology, or ancillary technology? Is the technology an entire product, or an ingredient of a product
• #17 Any questions
• #21 Licensed to BD, the world’s largest syringe manufacturer. Key driver was that PATH owned the property, so we were in a strong position. This was a new type of device, so new policies were needed to incorporate it into health systems. BD recognized that PATH could assist them in advocating for policies to accelerate product uptake.