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Project management3
This document discusses key aspects of project management including application areas, project environments, management and interpersonal skills, the project management context involving programs, portfolios, subprojects and project management offices (PMOs). It notes that PMOs centralize resources, methodology, documentation and more to coordinate project management across an organization at the enterprise level. The roles of a project manager and PMO are compared, with the project manager focusing on a specific project and the PMO taking a broader enterprise perspective.
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Project management3
- 1. Project Management Attique Ahmad [email protected]
- 2. Application Area Knowledge,Standards and Regulations ► common elements significant in such projects, but are not needed or present in all projects. Application areas are usually defined in terms of: ► Functional departments and supporting disciplines, such as legal, production and inventory management, marketing, logistics, and personnel ► Technical elements, such as software development or engineering ► Management specializations, such as Govt. contracting, community development, and new product development ► Industry groups, such as automotive, chemical, agriculture, and financial services.
- 3. Project Environment ► Culturaland social environment. ► International and political environment ► Physical environment
- 4. Management Skills ► Financial management and accounting ► Purchasing and procurement ► Sales and marketing ► Contracts and commercial law ► Manufacturing and distribution ► Logistics and supply chain ► Strategic planning, tactical planning, and operational planning ► Organizational structures, organizational behavior, personnel administration, compensation, benefits, and career paths ► Health and safety practices ► Information technology.
- 5. Interpersonal Skills ►Effectivecommunication. ►Influencing theorganization. ►Leadership. ►Motivation. ►Negotiation and conflict management. ►Problem solving.
- 6. Project Management Context ►Programs and Program Management ► Portfolios and Portfolio Management ► Subprojects ► Project Management Office A project management office (PMO) is an organizational unit to centralize and coordinate the management of projects under its domain
- 7. Project Management Office ► Shared and coordinated resources across all projects administered by the PMO ► Identification and development of project management methodology, best practices, and standards ► Clearinghouse and management for project policies, procedures, templates, and other shared documentation ► Centralized configuration management for all projects administered by the PMO ► Centralized repository and management for both shared and unique risks for all projects ► Central office for operation and management of project tools, such as enterprise-wide project management software
- 8. ► Central coordinationof communication management across projects ► A mentoring platform for project managers ► Central monitoring of all PMO project timelines and budgets, usually at the enterprise level ► Coordination of overall project quality standards between the project manager and any internal or external quality personnel or standards organization.
- 9. ► Differences between project managers and a PMO may include the following: Project managers and PMOs pursue different objectives and, as such, are driven by different requirements. All of these efforts, however, are aligned with the strategic needs of the organization. A project manager is responsible for delivering specific project objectives within the constraints of the project, while a PMO is an organizational structure with specific mandates that can include an enterprise wide perspective.
- 10. The projectmanager focuses on the specified project objectives, while the PMO manages major program scope changes and can view them as potential opportunities to better achieve business objectives. The project manager controls the assigned project resources to best meet project objectives, while the PMO optimizes the use of shared organizational resources across all projects. The project manager manages the scope, schedule, cost, and quality of the products of the work packages, while the PMO manages overall risk, overall opportunity, and the interdependencies among projects.
- 11. ► The projectmanager reports on project progress and other project specific information, while the PMO provides consolidated reporting and an enterprise view of projects under its purview.
Editor's Notes
- #3 Each application area generally has a set of accepted standards and practices, often codified in regulations. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) differentiates between standards and regulations as follows : A standard is a “document established by consensus and approved by a recognized body that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context.” Some examples of standards are computer disk sizes and the thermal stability specifications of hydraulic fluids. A regulation is a government-imposed requirement, which specifies product, process or service characteristics, including the applicable administrative provisions, with which compliance is mandatory. Building codes are an example of regulations. There is an overlap in the concepts of standards and regulations that cause confusion. For example: Standards often begin as guidelines that describe a preferred approach and later, with widespread adoption, become generally accepted as if they were regulations Different organizational levels can mandate compliance, such as when a government agency, the management of the performing organization, or the project management team establishes specific policies and procedures.
- #4 The team needs to understand how the project affects people and how people affect the project. This may require an understanding of aspects of the economic, demographic, educational, ethical, ethnic, religious, and other characteristics of the people whom the project affects or who may have an interest in the project. The project manager should also examine the organizational culture and determine whether project management is recognized as a valid role with accountability and authority for managing the project. Some team members may need to be familiar with applicable international, national, regional, and local laws and customs, as well as the political climate that could affect the project. Other international factors to consider are time-zone differences, national and regional holidays, travel requirements for face-to-face meetings, and the logistics of teleconferencing. If the project will affect its physical surroundings, some team members should be knowledgeable about the local ecology and physical geography that could affect the project or be affected by the project
- #6 Effective communication. The exchange of information Influencing the organization. The ability to “get things done” Leadership. Developing a vision and strategy, and motivating people to achieve that vision and strategy Motivation. Energizing people to achieve high levels of performance and to overcome barriers to change Negotiation and conflict management. Conferring with others to come to terms with them or to reach an agreement Problem solving. The combination of problem definition, alternatives identification and analysis, and decision-making.