Pulp and Paper Industry
(Pulp Mill, Paper Mill, Printing and
Writing Papers, Corrugating Medium
Paper, Newspapers Hardboards)
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Introduction
Pulp and paper are manufactured from raw materials containing
cellulose fibers, generally wood, recycled paper, and agricultural
residues. In developing countries, about 60% of cellulose fibers
originate from non wood raw materials such as bagasse, cereal
straw, bamboo, reeds, esparto grass, jute, flax, and sisal. The main
steps in pulp and paper manufacturing are: Raw material
preparation and handling, Pulp manufacturing, Pulp Washing and
Screening, Chemical recovery, Bleaching, Stock Preparation, and
Papermaking.
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Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or
mechanically separating cellulose fibres from wood, fiber crops or
waste paper. Paper is made by pulping wood, bleaching this pulp
and then spreading it out into sheets to make it into paper.
Paper is a major product of the forestry industry, and is used widely
in our society. Paper products are used not only in their obvious
applications in the publishing industry and for writing on, but also
in a variety of specialty papers, cardboards, brown papers etc. In
addition, various chemicals are produced as a byproduct of the pulp
and paper industry.
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The use of paper for various purposes is an
essential feature of the modern society. Therefore
pulp and paper manufacturing is very important
part of modern industry. Pulp and paper production
is based on the use of bamboo as raw material, but
also on the consumption of large-scale chemicals,
like chlorine, sodium hydroxide, etc.
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Bamboo is a fast-growing, evergreen plant belonging to the
botanical family of grasses. It has long been used as a
construction material and as a source of implements, weapons,
and ornaments in several global regions, particularly in Asia.
In these regions, bamboo pulp has also been used to make
high-grade papers for many years. Bamboo-based paper also
perpetuates the wood-based paper status quo because —
unlike perennial agricultural fibers — it can be chipped in
existing wood-based mills.
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Globally paper Industry is one of the high priority industries
having a bearing on the socio-economic development. In India too
this industry plays a vital role in the overall industrial growth.
Indian paper industry is one of the world’s fastest growing
industries.
The paper industry in India has become more promising as the
domestic demand is on the rise. Increasing population and literacy
rate, growth in GDP, improvement in manufacturing sector and
lifestyle of individuals are expected to account for the growth in
the paper industry of India.
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The Indian Paper Industry has the top 15 Global
players with an output of more than 6 millions
tonnes annually with an estimated turnover of Rs.
150000 millions. Indian paper industry is riding on
a strong demand and on an expanding mood to
meet the projected demand of 8 million tonnes by
2010 & 12 million tonnes by 2020.
Some of the fundamentals of the book are bleaching of bamboo
cold, high yield semi chemical pulping of mixture of bamboo
and mixed hardwoods, sulphate semi chemical process, kraft
green liquor semi chemical process, neutral sulphite semi
chemical process, thermo mechanical pulps for newsprint, zeta
potential concept in paper sizing, sodium carbonate in alkali
extraction during bleaching bamboo , maintenance engineering
in pulp and paper industry, design and application of refiners in
stock preparation, paper machine effluent etc.
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This book explains about the various raw material, their
processing and utilizations and also the possible waste
treatment of such paper and pulp making industry. To
draw attention for manufacturing quality product with
all possible latest technologies is the main purpose of
this book. The book is very resourceful for new
entrepreneurs, technocrats, existing units and research
scholars.
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Table of Contents
1. BLEACHING OF BAMBOO COLD SODA PULPS
Results and Discussions
Constant Conditions
Pretreatment with Acid
Pretreatment with Alkali
Bleaching Conditions in Different Stages
Effect of Peroxide in Alkali Pretreatment
Pretreatment with Dye
Bleaching Conditions in Different Stages
Conclusions
Experimental
Raw Materials
Bleaching
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2. HIGH YIELD SEMI-CHEMICAL PULPING OF MIXTURE OF BAMBOO
AND MIXED HARDWOODS
Raw Material
Experimental and Results
Sulphate Semi-Chemical Process
Kraft Green Liquor-Semi-Chemical Process
Neutral Sulphite Semi-Chemical Process
Discussion
Sulphate Semi-Chemical Process
Green Liquor Semi-Chemical Process
Neutral Sulphite Semi-Chemical Process
Conclusion
3. DEVELOPMENT IN HIGH YIELD PULPING PROCESS
Mechanical Process
Semichemical Process
Chemical Process
Alkaline Chemical Process
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Sulfite process
Organic Catalyst to High Yield Pulping
AQ Pulping Technology
Polysulfide-AQ Process
Alkaline Sulfite-AQ Pulping
Experimental
4. THERMO-MECHANICAL PULPS FOR NEWSPRINT MANUFACTURE
FROM TROPICAL PINES
Raw Materials
Experimental
Preparation of Thermo-Mechanical Pulps
Results and Discussions
5. A STUDY ON REPLACEMENT OF SODIUM SULPHATE BY AQ-LARGE
SCALE TRIAL
Anthraquinone an Aid to Pulping
Laboratory Scale Investigations at Central Research Laboratory,
Dalmianagar
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Plant Trial with AQ
Evaluation of Mill Pulp
Discussion and Results
Conclusions
6. ZETA POTENTIAL CONCEPT IN PAPER SIZING
Electro Kinetic (Zeta) Potential-A Concept
The Theory of Electrical Double Layer
Stern Modified Double Layer
The Meaning and Limitations in the Application of
Electro Kinetic Theory
to the Paper Sizing
Behaviour of Alum in Water
Electro Kinetic Properties of Alum-rosin
Size Precipitate and the Sized Fibre
Conclusion
Nomenclature
Greeks
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7. ECONOMICS OF BAMBOO AND HARDWOOD PULPING BY
ANTHRAQUINONE CATALYSED-KRAFT-PROCESS
Experimental Design & Observations
Results & Discussions
Conclusion
8. EFFECT OF BLEACHED PULP VISCOSITY ON
STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO SULFATE PULP
Experimental
Pulping
Bleaching
Physical Strength Properties
Chemical Analysis
Observations and Discussions
Conclusion
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9. ALKALI/OXYGEN DELIGNIFICATION AND BLEACHING OF SODA
BAMBOO PULP
Experimental
Discussions
Conclusions
10. ALKALI/OXYGEN DELIGNIFICATION AND BLEACHING OF SODA
BAMBOO PULP, BAMBOO + MIXED HARD WOOD PULP (70 : 30) AND
MIXED HARDWOOD PULP
Experimental and Results
Discussions
Conclusion
11. SODIUM CARBONATE IN ALKALI EXTRACTION
DURING BLEACHING BAMBOO (D. STRICTUS) PULP
Experimental
Study on Sequentially Chlorinated (H/C) Pulp
Study on Chlorinated Pulp
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Results and Discussion
Conclusions
12. EFFECT OF HEMICELLULOSES ON UNBLEACHED SOFTWOOD
KRAFT PULP
Materials and Methods
Enzyme Treatments
Bleaching Experiments
Chemical Composition and Kappa Number Analyses
Microscopic Analysis
Numerical Measurement of Colour
Results and Discussion
Chemical Changes After Enzyme Treatment
Bleaching Experiments
Graff C Stain
Numerical Measurement of Colour
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Accessibility Changes and Simons Stain
Deuterium Oxide Exchange
Simons Stain
Conclusions
13. THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS OF THE REACTION BETWEEN
LIGNIN AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE DURING BLEACHING
Experimental
Isolation of Thiolignin
Preparation of Hydrogen Peroxide Solution
Reaction of Thiolignin with Hydrogen Peroxide
Results and Discussion
Analysis of Kinetic Data
Order of the Reaction and Variation of Rate
Constant with Reaction Parameters
Validity of Arrhenius Equation (Reaction Rates and
Temperature Changes)
Estimation of various Thermodynamic Functions
Conclusions
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14. SEQUENTIAL BLEACHING
Experimental Procedure
Discussions of the Results
Bleach Consumption
Physical and Chemical Properties
Pollution Load of the Filtrate
Conclusion
15. MANUFACTURE OF CORRUGATING MEDIUM PAPER UTILIZING
100% BAGASSE FURNISH
Process Suggested for Making
Corrugating Medium from 100% Bagasse
Fibre Preparation
Depithing at Paper Mills
Digestion Cycle
Stock Preparation
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16. EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF CHEMICALS IN PULP AND PAPER
MILLS
Digester House
Chemical Recovery Section
Bleach Plant
Chemical and Stock Preparation
Effluents
17. EFFECTIVE USE AND RECOVERY OF CHEMICALS IN COLD SODA
PULPING
Experimental
Chemical Treatment of E. Tereticornis
Eta Reed Sulphate Pulping
Evaporation and Burning Properties of Kraft and
Cold Soda Spent liquors
Results and Discussions
Chemical Consumption
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Pulp Properties
Composition of Liquors
Pollution Loads
Properties of Spent Liquors
Material Balances
Conclusions
18. EFFECTIVE USE AND RECOVERY OF CHEMICALS IN COLD SODA
PULPING WITH PARTIALLY CLOSED SYSTEM
Chemical Treatment of E. Tereticornis
Results and Discussions
Conclusions
19. MAINTENANCE ENGINEERING IN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY
Inspection
Lubrication
Servicing
Maintenance Problems
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20. LIMITATION TO SATISFACTORY OPERATION OF WET END OF
PAPER MACHINE
Basis Weight Profile
Head Box Pulsation
Drainage Formation and Sheet Structure
The Head Box
Rectifier Roll Head Boxes
Micro Turbulence Head Boxes
Web Formers
Twin Wire Forming
Schmidt Classification
Norman Classification
High Consistency Forming
Ancillary Equipments
Wet Web Strength
Limitations of Water Removal on Pressing
Conclusion
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21. DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF REFINERS IN STOCK
PREPARATION
Conical Refiners
Shallow Angle Refiner
Steep Angle Refiners
Double Disc Refiners
Safety Devices
Influence of Machine Variables on Refining
Batch Refining
Machine Refiners
22. WET FELT DESIGNING TECHNIQUES
Pressing
Case Study
Recommendations
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23. MODERNIZATION AND OPTIMUM UTILIZATION OF EVAPORATORS
FOR HARDWOOD BLACK LIQUORS-MILL EXPERIENCE
Hardwood Black Liquors
Recovery Boilers and Required Liquor
Solids
Original Evaporator Units
Installation of a Pump in Between First
Pass and Second Pass of Concentration Effects of
Both Units
Conversion of Concentration Effect of
First (OLD) Unit to a Finisher
Introduction of a New Finisher Effect
Utilization of Vent Vapour from Finisher
Changing the Liquor Entry from Tangential to Radial and
Modification of Flash Chamber
Utilization of Vapour from Improvised Finisher of
Old Street
Conclusions
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24. PAPER MACHINE EFFLUENT
Experimental
Discussions
Mode of Treatment for Paper Machine Effluent
Results
Conclusion
25. CONICAL REFINERS AND WIDE-ANGLE REFINERS
IN CONTINUOUS AND BATCH REFINING SYSTEMS FOR BAMBOO
AND HARDWOOD FURNISH
Introduction
Types of Refining Systems in the Mill
Conical and Wide Angle Refiners Strength, Development and
Power Consumption
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26. USE OF NO PICK ROLL IN PAPER MACHINE PRESS SECTION BASED
ON SHORT-FIBRED TROPICAL HARDWOODS AND AGRICULTURAL
RESIDUES
Theoretical Considerations
The Problem
Press Section Before Modification
Press Section After Modification
Discussion
Conclusions
27. CONSUMPTION OF FURNACE OIL IN RECOVERY BOILERS
Storage
Viscosity
Velocity
Turbidity & Causticity
Silica
Inverse Solubility
Organic Content and Calorific Value
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28. NECESSITY TO RENOVATE AND MODERNIZE PAPER MACHINE
Fourdrinier Part
Press Part
Dryer Section
Calender Stacks
Pope Reel
Conclusion
29. WET END OPERATION OF A PAPER MACHINE
Approach Flow
Head Box
The Slice
Approach System, Head Box and Slice at W.C.P.M.
Sheet Formation and Drainage on the Fourdrinier
Shake
Suction Boxes
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Dandy Roll
The Couch
Conclusion
30. CLEANING SYSTEM-SHOWER FOR PAPER MACHINE
Mechanical Cleaning
Classification of Water Shower
Wire Cleaning Shower
Knock off Shower
Trim Knock-off Shower
Couch Roll Cleaning Shower
Return Roll Cleaning Shower
Dandy Cleaning Shower
Felt Shower
Special Features of Water Showers
Material of Construction
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Insert Type Nozzle
Protective Shell
Programming
Filters
31. SUITABILITY OF KENAF CTMP FOR LINERBOARD
Experimental
Raw Material
Particle Size
Reduction and Washing
Injection Process
Fiberizing and Refining
Kraft Pulping
Pulp Testing and Handsheet Formation and Testing
Results and Discussion
Andritz Sprout-Bauer Pulping Trials
FPL Pulping Trials
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Kenaf and Loblolly Pine Pulp Blends
Conclusions
32. NEWSPRINT FROM BLENDS OF KENAF CTMP AND DEINKED
RECYCLED NEWSPRINT
Experimental
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
33. FEASIBILITY OF USING KENAF CHEMITHERMOMECHANICAL PULP
IN PRINTING AND WRITING PAPER
Results and Discussion
Andritz Sprout-Bauer and FPL Pulping Trials
Postbrightened Kenaf Thermomechanical Pulp
Conclusions
Experimental
Raw Material, Particle Size Reduction, and Material Wash
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Injection Process
Fiberizing and Refining Process
Testing of Pulp and Forming and Testing of Handsheets
Postbrightening of Kenaf TMP
Brightness Reversion
34. MESTA/KENAF AS RAW MATERIAL FOR KRAFT PULPING
Raw Material
Experimental
Chemical Constituents of Mesta
Pulping and Sheet Making
Discussion
Physical Characteristics
Chemical Constituents
Pulping Bleaching and Black Liquor Characteristics
Morphological Studies
Properties of Pulp Sheets
Fibre Classification Results
Conclusions
35. RESPONSE OF KENAF VARIETY, HC-583 TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF
NITROGEN
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Plant Height
Basal Diameter of Stalk
Dry Yield of Stalk
Increase in Dry Yield of Stalk per Kg. N Applied
Conclusion
36. PREHYDROLYSED KRAFT COOKING OF JUTE STICK (EFFECT OF
PREHYDROLYSIS CONDITION)
Experiments
Raw Materials
Digestion
Bleaching
Chlorine Water Bleaching
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Analysis of the Pulp
Results & Discussion
A. Effect of Prehydrolysis Treatment on the Chemical
Composition of Jute Stick
B. Loss of ï Cellulose and Lignin after Prehydrolysis and Kraft
Cooking of Jute Stick
Results of Bleached Pulps
Conclusions
37. HIGH YIELD PULP FROM JUTE STICKS
38. GREASE PROOF PAPERS FROM SULPHITE JUTE STICK PULP
Raw Material
Pulping
Conclusion
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39. CHEMICAL RECOVERY BOILERS FOR PULP MILLS USING
AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES AS RAW MATERIALS
Present and Future Prospects of Agricultural Residue Usage in India
Advantages of Use of Agricultural Residues
Special Shelter Type Design for Smaller Units
40. PROBLEMS IN BL EVAPORATION IN INDIAN RAW MATERIALS
Black Liquor Screening
Black Liquor Soap Problem
Carbonaceous Deposits
Scale Formation and its Removal
Results Achieved
Technical
Vapour Side Scale
Method of Feeding Black Liquor
Mixed Feed
Quintuple Effect & Forced Circulation Evaporator
Forced Circulation Evaporator
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41. UTILIZATION OF UNCONVENTIONAL RAW MATERIALS
Advantages at a Glance for New Process
Cooking Liquor and Position of pH (Cold) during Pulping
Pulping Conditions and Delignification
Yield and General Properties of Pulp
Chemical Composition of Unbleached Pulp
Bleaching of Pulp
Paper Making Properties
Black Liquor and Recovery
Environmental Protection
Air Protection
Water Protection
Future Looks
Sulfite Shuttles into Space
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42. UTILIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES USING MECHANO-
CHEMICAL PULPING PROCESS
Pilot Plant Trials at Cellulose and Paper Branch,
Forest Research institute and colleges, Dehradun
Production of Rice Straw Pulp
Production of Wheat Straw Pulp
Production of Bagasse Pulp
Production of Paper
Mechano Chemical Pulping on Industrial Scale
Chemical Preparation
Cooking
Search for Alternative Raw Material
Variables in the Process
Modification of Bagasse Pulping by Partial Replacement of
Sodium Hydroxide by Sodium Carbonate
Addition of Sodium Sulphide in Cooking Liquor in
Bagasse Pulping
Conclusion
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43. FEASIBILITY OF RECYCLED NEWSPAPERS HARDBOARDS
Experimental Design and Analysis
Materials
Processing
Acetylation
Adhesive Application
Board Manufacture
Testing
Results and Discussion
Static Bending Properties
Tensile Strength Properties
Water Absorption and Thickness Swell
Linear Expansion
Concluding Remarks
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44. RESTORING BONDING STRENGTH TO RECYCLED FIBERS
Dry-Fiberized Fiber Characteristics
Mechanical Treatment
Fractionation
Strength Additives
Chemical Treatments
Blending with Virgin Fiber
Papermaking Variables
Wet-Formed Papers
Pressing
Air-Formed Papers
Conclusions
Methods and Materials
45. CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF AGRO-FIBER FOR
THERMOPLASTICIZATION
Experimental Procedures
Esterification Procedure
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Thermal Analysis
Pressing of Esterified Fiber
Electron Microscopy of Pressed Fiber
Swelling of Pressed Fiber in Water
Results and Discussion
Esterification of Lignocellulosics
Thermal Analysis
Swelling of Pressed Fiber Pellets in Water
Conclusions
46. POTENTIALS FOR COMPOSITES FROM JUTE AND ALLIED FIBERS
Plant Utilization for Composites
Potential Composites for Agro-Resources
Geotextiles
Filters
Sorbents
Structural Composites
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Non-structural Composites
Molded Products
Packaging
Combinations with Other Resources
Chemical Modification for Property Improvement
Conclusions
47. AN APPROACH TO INPLANT COLOUR REDUCTION OF BLEACH
PLANT EFFLUENT USING CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE
Experimental
Discussion
48. DESILICATION OF SULPHATE WEAK BLACK LIQUOR BY THE
ADDITION OF LIME
Experimental
Procedure of Desilication
Results & Discussion
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49. TREATMENT OF PULP & PAPER MILL WASTES
Pulp and Paper Industry Water
Consumption
Nature and Effect of Impurities
Primary Treatment
Sedimentation Units
Sludge Handling & Disposal
Secondary Treatment
50. DECOLOURIZATION OF WASTE WATER FROM BLEACHED-KRAFT
PULP & PAPER MILL USING ALUM AND CLAY
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Sludge Blanket
Effluent Quality
Colour Removal
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Removal of Suspended Solids
COD Reduction
Conclusion
51. REMOVAL OF SOLUBLE SILICA FROM SULPHATE GREEN LIQUOR
Experimental
Carbonation
Green Liquor Analysis
Results & Discussion
52. TRENDS IN ASH CONTENT OF STRAW PULPS-AN EXPLANATION
Experimental
53. MINI LIME TREATMENT OF DISSOLVING PULP MILL COLOURED
EFFLUENT
Sources of Colour in the Pulp Mill
Effluent
Present Work
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Chlorination of Lime Treated Effluent
Calcining of Effluent Sludge
Causticization Using Lime Obtained from Effluent Sludge
Conclusion
54. COLOUR AND COD REDUCTION OF BLEACH EFFLUENTS
Experimental
Results and Discussions
Colour of the Effluents
Phenolic Compounds
Rate of Colour Reduction
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Conclusions
55. EFFECT OF pH ON SULPHITE PULPING OF HOLOCELLULOSE OF E.
TERETICORNIS
Experimental
Preparation of Cooking Liquor
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Titration of Cooking Liquor
Sulphite Pulping
Neutral Sulphite Pulping
Preparation of Cooking Liquor
Chemical Analysis of Sulphite and
Neutral Sulphite Cooked Holocellulose
Results and Discussion Effect of pH and
Cooking Time on Yield
Effect of pH and Cooking Time on Klason Lignin
Effect of pH and Cooking Time on Alpha-Cellulose
Effect of pH and Cooking Time on
Pentosans
Effect of pH and Cooking Time on
Acidic Sugar
Effect of pH and Cooking Time
On Methoxyl and Acetyl Groups
56. UTILIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES FOR PULP, PAPER
AND BOARD
Rice Straw
Writing and Prints Paper
Grease Proof Paper
Wrapping Paper
Straw Board
Fibre Boards
Wheat Straw
Writing & Printing Paper
Greaseproof Paper
Straw Board
Jute Sticks
Writing and Printing Paper
Wrapping Paper Pulp Yield and Sheet Characteristics
Straw Board
Newsprint Grade Refiner Groundwood Pulp
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Constitution of Hemicellulose
Greaseproof Paper, Strength Properties of Standard Sheet
Building Board
Bagasse
Writing and Printing Paper
Wrapping Papers
Rayon Grade Pulps
Greaseproof paper
Straw Board
Fiber Board
Newsprint
Cotton Stem
Writing and Printing Paper
Miscellaneous Raw Materials
Arecanut Husk
Ground Nut Shells
Tea Stem
Caster Stems (Ricinus Communis, linn)
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Sun Flower Stalk
Arhar Sticks (Cajanus SP) and Jawar Stalk (Sorghum SP)
Sugar Cane Leaves
Paddy Husk
57. PROVISION OF CAPTIVE POWER GENERATION IN A 30 TPD AGRO-
BASED PAPER PLANT AS A MEANS OF IMPROVING CAPACITY
UTILIZATION
Capacity Utilization
Power Availability
Captive Power Plant
Recommended Scheme
Features of the Scheme
Fixed Costs
Variable Costs
Average Cost of Power Generation
Economics and Discussion
Conclusion
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58. ENERGY CONSERVATION IN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY SOME
THOUGHTS
Paper Industry
Deliberations
Total Energy Concept
In-Plant Power Generation
Energy Distribution and Utilization
Overdesign and Capacity Utilization of the Equipment
Energy Aduit
Short Term-Long Term Action Programme
Short Term Schemes
Long Term Schemes
Generation
Short Term
Long Term
Transmission
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Short Term
Long Term
Utilization
Short Term
Long Term
Waste Streams
Energy Conservation Approaches
Factor Affecting Energy Efficiency
Research and Development
National Energy Programme
Summary and Conclusions
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o Biodegradable & Bioplastic Based Projects
o Chemicals (Organic And Inorganic)
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o Coconut And Coconut Based Products
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o Copper & Copper Based Projects
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o Disinfectants, Pesticides, Insecticides, Mosquito
Repellents,
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o Fruits & Vegetables Processing
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(Biofuel)
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o Infrastructure Projects
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o Paints, Pigments, Varnish & Lacquer
o Paper And Paper Board, Paper Recycling Projects
o Printing Inks
o Packaging Based Projects
o Perfumes, Cosmetics And Flavours
o Power Generation Based Projects & Renewable Energy
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o Plantations, Farming And Cultivations
o Plastic Film, Plastic Waste And Plastic Compounds
o Plastic, PVC, PET, HDPE, LDPE Etc.
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o Potato And Potato Based Projects
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o Real Estate, Leisure And Hospitality
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o Soaps And Detergents
o Stationary Products
o Spices And Snacks Food
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o Township & Residential Complex
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o Waste Management & Recycling
o Wood & Wood Products
o Water Industry(Packaged Drinking Water &
Mineral Water)
o Wire & Cable
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Pulp and Paper Industry (Pulp Mill, Paper Mill, Printing and Writing Papers, Corrugating Medium Paper, Newspapers Hardboards)

  • 1.
    Pulp and PaperIndustry (Pulp Mill, Paper Mill, Printing and Writing Papers, Corrugating Medium Paper, Newspapers Hardboards)
  • 2.
    www.entrepreneurindia.co Introduction Pulp and paperare manufactured from raw materials containing cellulose fibers, generally wood, recycled paper, and agricultural residues. In developing countries, about 60% of cellulose fibers originate from non wood raw materials such as bagasse, cereal straw, bamboo, reeds, esparto grass, jute, flax, and sisal. The main steps in pulp and paper manufacturing are: Raw material preparation and handling, Pulp manufacturing, Pulp Washing and Screening, Chemical recovery, Bleaching, Stock Preparation, and Papermaking.
  • 3.
    www.entrepreneurindia.co Pulp is alignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibres from wood, fiber crops or waste paper. Paper is made by pulping wood, bleaching this pulp and then spreading it out into sheets to make it into paper. Paper is a major product of the forestry industry, and is used widely in our society. Paper products are used not only in their obvious applications in the publishing industry and for writing on, but also in a variety of specialty papers, cardboards, brown papers etc. In addition, various chemicals are produced as a byproduct of the pulp and paper industry.
  • 4.
    www.entrepreneurindia.co The use ofpaper for various purposes is an essential feature of the modern society. Therefore pulp and paper manufacturing is very important part of modern industry. Pulp and paper production is based on the use of bamboo as raw material, but also on the consumption of large-scale chemicals, like chlorine, sodium hydroxide, etc.
  • 5.
    www.entrepreneurindia.co Bamboo is afast-growing, evergreen plant belonging to the botanical family of grasses. It has long been used as a construction material and as a source of implements, weapons, and ornaments in several global regions, particularly in Asia. In these regions, bamboo pulp has also been used to make high-grade papers for many years. Bamboo-based paper also perpetuates the wood-based paper status quo because — unlike perennial agricultural fibers — it can be chipped in existing wood-based mills.
  • 6.
    www.entrepreneurindia.co Globally paper Industryis one of the high priority industries having a bearing on the socio-economic development. In India too this industry plays a vital role in the overall industrial growth. Indian paper industry is one of the world’s fastest growing industries. The paper industry in India has become more promising as the domestic demand is on the rise. Increasing population and literacy rate, growth in GDP, improvement in manufacturing sector and lifestyle of individuals are expected to account for the growth in the paper industry of India.
  • 7.
    www.entrepreneurindia.co The Indian PaperIndustry has the top 15 Global players with an output of more than 6 millions tonnes annually with an estimated turnover of Rs. 150000 millions. Indian paper industry is riding on a strong demand and on an expanding mood to meet the projected demand of 8 million tonnes by 2010 & 12 million tonnes by 2020.
  • 8.
    Some of thefundamentals of the book are bleaching of bamboo cold, high yield semi chemical pulping of mixture of bamboo and mixed hardwoods, sulphate semi chemical process, kraft green liquor semi chemical process, neutral sulphite semi chemical process, thermo mechanical pulps for newsprint, zeta potential concept in paper sizing, sodium carbonate in alkali extraction during bleaching bamboo , maintenance engineering in pulp and paper industry, design and application of refiners in stock preparation, paper machine effluent etc. www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 9.
    This book explainsabout the various raw material, their processing and utilizations and also the possible waste treatment of such paper and pulp making industry. To draw attention for manufacturing quality product with all possible latest technologies is the main purpose of this book. The book is very resourceful for new entrepreneurs, technocrats, existing units and research scholars. www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 10.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Table of Contents 1.BLEACHING OF BAMBOO COLD SODA PULPS Results and Discussions Constant Conditions Pretreatment with Acid Pretreatment with Alkali Bleaching Conditions in Different Stages Effect of Peroxide in Alkali Pretreatment Pretreatment with Dye Bleaching Conditions in Different Stages Conclusions Experimental Raw Materials Bleaching
  • 11.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 2. HIGH YIELDSEMI-CHEMICAL PULPING OF MIXTURE OF BAMBOO AND MIXED HARDWOODS Raw Material Experimental and Results Sulphate Semi-Chemical Process Kraft Green Liquor-Semi-Chemical Process Neutral Sulphite Semi-Chemical Process Discussion Sulphate Semi-Chemical Process Green Liquor Semi-Chemical Process Neutral Sulphite Semi-Chemical Process Conclusion 3. DEVELOPMENT IN HIGH YIELD PULPING PROCESS Mechanical Process Semichemical Process Chemical Process Alkaline Chemical Process
  • 12.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Sulfite process Organic Catalystto High Yield Pulping AQ Pulping Technology Polysulfide-AQ Process Alkaline Sulfite-AQ Pulping Experimental 4. THERMO-MECHANICAL PULPS FOR NEWSPRINT MANUFACTURE FROM TROPICAL PINES Raw Materials Experimental Preparation of Thermo-Mechanical Pulps Results and Discussions 5. A STUDY ON REPLACEMENT OF SODIUM SULPHATE BY AQ-LARGE SCALE TRIAL Anthraquinone an Aid to Pulping Laboratory Scale Investigations at Central Research Laboratory, Dalmianagar
  • 13.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Plant Trial withAQ Evaluation of Mill Pulp Discussion and Results Conclusions 6. ZETA POTENTIAL CONCEPT IN PAPER SIZING Electro Kinetic (Zeta) Potential-A Concept The Theory of Electrical Double Layer Stern Modified Double Layer The Meaning and Limitations in the Application of Electro Kinetic Theory to the Paper Sizing Behaviour of Alum in Water Electro Kinetic Properties of Alum-rosin Size Precipitate and the Sized Fibre Conclusion Nomenclature Greeks
  • 14.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 7. ECONOMICS OFBAMBOO AND HARDWOOD PULPING BY ANTHRAQUINONE CATALYSED-KRAFT-PROCESS Experimental Design & Observations Results & Discussions Conclusion 8. EFFECT OF BLEACHED PULP VISCOSITY ON STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO SULFATE PULP Experimental Pulping Bleaching Physical Strength Properties Chemical Analysis Observations and Discussions Conclusion
  • 15.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 9. ALKALI/OXYGEN DELIGNIFICATIONAND BLEACHING OF SODA BAMBOO PULP Experimental Discussions Conclusions 10. ALKALI/OXYGEN DELIGNIFICATION AND BLEACHING OF SODA BAMBOO PULP, BAMBOO + MIXED HARD WOOD PULP (70 : 30) AND MIXED HARDWOOD PULP Experimental and Results Discussions Conclusion 11. SODIUM CARBONATE IN ALKALI EXTRACTION DURING BLEACHING BAMBOO (D. STRICTUS) PULP Experimental Study on Sequentially Chlorinated (H/C) Pulp Study on Chlorinated Pulp
  • 16.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Results and Discussion Conclusions 12.EFFECT OF HEMICELLULOSES ON UNBLEACHED SOFTWOOD KRAFT PULP Materials and Methods Enzyme Treatments Bleaching Experiments Chemical Composition and Kappa Number Analyses Microscopic Analysis Numerical Measurement of Colour Results and Discussion Chemical Changes After Enzyme Treatment Bleaching Experiments Graff C Stain Numerical Measurement of Colour
  • 17.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Accessibility Changes andSimons Stain Deuterium Oxide Exchange Simons Stain Conclusions 13. THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS OF THE REACTION BETWEEN LIGNIN AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE DURING BLEACHING Experimental Isolation of Thiolignin Preparation of Hydrogen Peroxide Solution Reaction of Thiolignin with Hydrogen Peroxide Results and Discussion Analysis of Kinetic Data Order of the Reaction and Variation of Rate Constant with Reaction Parameters Validity of Arrhenius Equation (Reaction Rates and Temperature Changes) Estimation of various Thermodynamic Functions Conclusions
  • 18.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 14. SEQUENTIAL BLEACHING ExperimentalProcedure Discussions of the Results Bleach Consumption Physical and Chemical Properties Pollution Load of the Filtrate Conclusion 15. MANUFACTURE OF CORRUGATING MEDIUM PAPER UTILIZING 100% BAGASSE FURNISH Process Suggested for Making Corrugating Medium from 100% Bagasse Fibre Preparation Depithing at Paper Mills Digestion Cycle Stock Preparation
  • 19.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 16. EFFECTIVE UTILIZATIONOF CHEMICALS IN PULP AND PAPER MILLS Digester House Chemical Recovery Section Bleach Plant Chemical and Stock Preparation Effluents 17. EFFECTIVE USE AND RECOVERY OF CHEMICALS IN COLD SODA PULPING Experimental Chemical Treatment of E. Tereticornis Eta Reed Sulphate Pulping Evaporation and Burning Properties of Kraft and Cold Soda Spent liquors Results and Discussions Chemical Consumption
  • 20.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Pulp Properties Composition ofLiquors Pollution Loads Properties of Spent Liquors Material Balances Conclusions 18. EFFECTIVE USE AND RECOVERY OF CHEMICALS IN COLD SODA PULPING WITH PARTIALLY CLOSED SYSTEM Chemical Treatment of E. Tereticornis Results and Discussions Conclusions 19. MAINTENANCE ENGINEERING IN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY Inspection Lubrication Servicing Maintenance Problems
  • 21.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 20. LIMITATION TOSATISFACTORY OPERATION OF WET END OF PAPER MACHINE Basis Weight Profile Head Box Pulsation Drainage Formation and Sheet Structure The Head Box Rectifier Roll Head Boxes Micro Turbulence Head Boxes Web Formers Twin Wire Forming Schmidt Classification Norman Classification High Consistency Forming Ancillary Equipments Wet Web Strength Limitations of Water Removal on Pressing Conclusion
  • 22.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 21. DESIGN ANDAPPLICATION OF REFINERS IN STOCK PREPARATION Conical Refiners Shallow Angle Refiner Steep Angle Refiners Double Disc Refiners Safety Devices Influence of Machine Variables on Refining Batch Refining Machine Refiners 22. WET FELT DESIGNING TECHNIQUES Pressing Case Study Recommendations
  • 23.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 23. MODERNIZATION ANDOPTIMUM UTILIZATION OF EVAPORATORS FOR HARDWOOD BLACK LIQUORS-MILL EXPERIENCE Hardwood Black Liquors Recovery Boilers and Required Liquor Solids Original Evaporator Units Installation of a Pump in Between First Pass and Second Pass of Concentration Effects of Both Units Conversion of Concentration Effect of First (OLD) Unit to a Finisher Introduction of a New Finisher Effect Utilization of Vent Vapour from Finisher Changing the Liquor Entry from Tangential to Radial and Modification of Flash Chamber Utilization of Vapour from Improvised Finisher of Old Street Conclusions
  • 24.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 24. PAPER MACHINEEFFLUENT Experimental Discussions Mode of Treatment for Paper Machine Effluent Results Conclusion 25. CONICAL REFINERS AND WIDE-ANGLE REFINERS IN CONTINUOUS AND BATCH REFINING SYSTEMS FOR BAMBOO AND HARDWOOD FURNISH Introduction Types of Refining Systems in the Mill Conical and Wide Angle Refiners Strength, Development and Power Consumption
  • 25.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 26. USE OFNO PICK ROLL IN PAPER MACHINE PRESS SECTION BASED ON SHORT-FIBRED TROPICAL HARDWOODS AND AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES Theoretical Considerations The Problem Press Section Before Modification Press Section After Modification Discussion Conclusions 27. CONSUMPTION OF FURNACE OIL IN RECOVERY BOILERS Storage Viscosity Velocity Turbidity & Causticity Silica Inverse Solubility Organic Content and Calorific Value
  • 26.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO 28. NECESSITY TORENOVATE AND MODERNIZE PAPER MACHINE Fourdrinier Part Press Part Dryer Section Calender Stacks Pope Reel Conclusion 29. WET END OPERATION OF A PAPER MACHINE Approach Flow Head Box The Slice Approach System, Head Box and Slice at W.C.P.M. Sheet Formation and Drainage on the Fourdrinier Shake Suction Boxes
  • 27.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Dandy Roll The Couch Conclusion 30.CLEANING SYSTEM-SHOWER FOR PAPER MACHINE Mechanical Cleaning Classification of Water Shower Wire Cleaning Shower Knock off Shower Trim Knock-off Shower Couch Roll Cleaning Shower Return Roll Cleaning Shower Dandy Cleaning Shower Felt Shower Special Features of Water Showers Material of Construction
  • 28.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Insert Type Nozzle ProtectiveShell Programming Filters 31. SUITABILITY OF KENAF CTMP FOR LINERBOARD Experimental Raw Material Particle Size Reduction and Washing Injection Process Fiberizing and Refining Kraft Pulping Pulp Testing and Handsheet Formation and Testing Results and Discussion Andritz Sprout-Bauer Pulping Trials FPL Pulping Trials
  • 29.
    www.entrepreneurindia.co Kenaf and LoblollyPine Pulp Blends Conclusions 32. NEWSPRINT FROM BLENDS OF KENAF CTMP AND DEINKED RECYCLED NEWSPRINT Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusion 33. FEASIBILITY OF USING KENAF CHEMITHERMOMECHANICAL PULP IN PRINTING AND WRITING PAPER Results and Discussion Andritz Sprout-Bauer and FPL Pulping Trials Postbrightened Kenaf Thermomechanical Pulp Conclusions Experimental Raw Material, Particle Size Reduction, and Material Wash
  • 30.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Injection Process Fiberizing andRefining Process Testing of Pulp and Forming and Testing of Handsheets Postbrightening of Kenaf TMP Brightness Reversion 34. MESTA/KENAF AS RAW MATERIAL FOR KRAFT PULPING Raw Material Experimental Chemical Constituents of Mesta Pulping and Sheet Making Discussion Physical Characteristics Chemical Constituents Pulping Bleaching and Black Liquor Characteristics Morphological Studies Properties of Pulp Sheets Fibre Classification Results Conclusions
  • 31.
    35. RESPONSE OFKENAF VARIETY, HC-583 TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN Materials and Methods Results and Discussion Plant Height Basal Diameter of Stalk Dry Yield of Stalk Increase in Dry Yield of Stalk per Kg. N Applied Conclusion 36. PREHYDROLYSED KRAFT COOKING OF JUTE STICK (EFFECT OF PREHYDROLYSIS CONDITION) Experiments Raw Materials Digestion Bleaching Chlorine Water Bleaching www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 32.
    Analysis of thePulp Results & Discussion A. Effect of Prehydrolysis Treatment on the Chemical Composition of Jute Stick B. Loss of ï Cellulose and Lignin after Prehydrolysis and Kraft Cooking of Jute Stick Results of Bleached Pulps Conclusions 37. HIGH YIELD PULP FROM JUTE STICKS 38. GREASE PROOF PAPERS FROM SULPHITE JUTE STICK PULP Raw Material Pulping Conclusion www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 33.
    39. CHEMICAL RECOVERYBOILERS FOR PULP MILLS USING AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES AS RAW MATERIALS Present and Future Prospects of Agricultural Residue Usage in India Advantages of Use of Agricultural Residues Special Shelter Type Design for Smaller Units 40. PROBLEMS IN BL EVAPORATION IN INDIAN RAW MATERIALS Black Liquor Screening Black Liquor Soap Problem Carbonaceous Deposits Scale Formation and its Removal Results Achieved Technical Vapour Side Scale Method of Feeding Black Liquor Mixed Feed Quintuple Effect & Forced Circulation Evaporator Forced Circulation Evaporator www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 34.
    41. UTILIZATION OFUNCONVENTIONAL RAW MATERIALS Advantages at a Glance for New Process Cooking Liquor and Position of pH (Cold) during Pulping Pulping Conditions and Delignification Yield and General Properties of Pulp Chemical Composition of Unbleached Pulp Bleaching of Pulp Paper Making Properties Black Liquor and Recovery Environmental Protection Air Protection Water Protection Future Looks Sulfite Shuttles into Space www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 35.
    42. UTILIZATION OFAGRICULTURAL RESIDUES USING MECHANO- CHEMICAL PULPING PROCESS Pilot Plant Trials at Cellulose and Paper Branch, Forest Research institute and colleges, Dehradun Production of Rice Straw Pulp Production of Wheat Straw Pulp Production of Bagasse Pulp Production of Paper Mechano Chemical Pulping on Industrial Scale Chemical Preparation Cooking Search for Alternative Raw Material Variables in the Process Modification of Bagasse Pulping by Partial Replacement of Sodium Hydroxide by Sodium Carbonate Addition of Sodium Sulphide in Cooking Liquor in Bagasse Pulping Conclusion www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 36.
    43. FEASIBILITY OFRECYCLED NEWSPAPERS HARDBOARDS Experimental Design and Analysis Materials Processing Acetylation Adhesive Application Board Manufacture Testing Results and Discussion Static Bending Properties Tensile Strength Properties Water Absorption and Thickness Swell Linear Expansion Concluding Remarks www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 37.
    44. RESTORING BONDINGSTRENGTH TO RECYCLED FIBERS Dry-Fiberized Fiber Characteristics Mechanical Treatment Fractionation Strength Additives Chemical Treatments Blending with Virgin Fiber Papermaking Variables Wet-Formed Papers Pressing Air-Formed Papers Conclusions Methods and Materials 45. CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF AGRO-FIBER FOR THERMOPLASTICIZATION Experimental Procedures Esterification Procedure www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 38.
    Thermal Analysis Pressing ofEsterified Fiber Electron Microscopy of Pressed Fiber Swelling of Pressed Fiber in Water Results and Discussion Esterification of Lignocellulosics Thermal Analysis Swelling of Pressed Fiber Pellets in Water Conclusions 46. POTENTIALS FOR COMPOSITES FROM JUTE AND ALLIED FIBERS Plant Utilization for Composites Potential Composites for Agro-Resources Geotextiles Filters Sorbents Structural Composites www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 39.
    Non-structural Composites Molded Products Packaging Combinationswith Other Resources Chemical Modification for Property Improvement Conclusions 47. AN APPROACH TO INPLANT COLOUR REDUCTION OF BLEACH PLANT EFFLUENT USING CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE Experimental Discussion 48. DESILICATION OF SULPHATE WEAK BLACK LIQUOR BY THE ADDITION OF LIME Experimental Procedure of Desilication Results & Discussion www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 40.
    49. TREATMENT OFPULP & PAPER MILL WASTES Pulp and Paper Industry Water Consumption Nature and Effect of Impurities Primary Treatment Sedimentation Units Sludge Handling & Disposal Secondary Treatment 50. DECOLOURIZATION OF WASTE WATER FROM BLEACHED-KRAFT PULP & PAPER MILL USING ALUM AND CLAY Materials and Methods Results and Discussion Sludge Blanket Effluent Quality Colour Removal www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 41.
    Removal of SuspendedSolids COD Reduction Conclusion 51. REMOVAL OF SOLUBLE SILICA FROM SULPHATE GREEN LIQUOR Experimental Carbonation Green Liquor Analysis Results & Discussion 52. TRENDS IN ASH CONTENT OF STRAW PULPS-AN EXPLANATION Experimental 53. MINI LIME TREATMENT OF DISSOLVING PULP MILL COLOURED EFFLUENT Sources of Colour in the Pulp Mill Effluent Present Work www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 42.
    Chlorination of LimeTreated Effluent Calcining of Effluent Sludge Causticization Using Lime Obtained from Effluent Sludge Conclusion 54. COLOUR AND COD REDUCTION OF BLEACH EFFLUENTS Experimental Results and Discussions Colour of the Effluents Phenolic Compounds Rate of Colour Reduction Chemical Oxygen Demand Conclusions 55. EFFECT OF pH ON SULPHITE PULPING OF HOLOCELLULOSE OF E. TERETICORNIS Experimental Preparation of Cooking Liquor www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 43.
    Titration of CookingLiquor Sulphite Pulping Neutral Sulphite Pulping Preparation of Cooking Liquor Chemical Analysis of Sulphite and Neutral Sulphite Cooked Holocellulose Results and Discussion Effect of pH and Cooking Time on Yield Effect of pH and Cooking Time on Klason Lignin Effect of pH and Cooking Time on Alpha-Cellulose Effect of pH and Cooking Time on Pentosans Effect of pH and Cooking Time on Acidic Sugar Effect of pH and Cooking Time On Methoxyl and Acetyl Groups
  • 44.
    56. UTILIZATION OFAGRICULTURAL RESIDUES FOR PULP, PAPER AND BOARD Rice Straw Writing and Prints Paper Grease Proof Paper Wrapping Paper Straw Board Fibre Boards Wheat Straw Writing & Printing Paper Greaseproof Paper Straw Board Jute Sticks Writing and Printing Paper Wrapping Paper Pulp Yield and Sheet Characteristics Straw Board Newsprint Grade Refiner Groundwood Pulp www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 45.
    Constitution of Hemicellulose GreaseproofPaper, Strength Properties of Standard Sheet Building Board Bagasse Writing and Printing Paper Wrapping Papers Rayon Grade Pulps Greaseproof paper Straw Board Fiber Board Newsprint Cotton Stem Writing and Printing Paper Miscellaneous Raw Materials Arecanut Husk Ground Nut Shells Tea Stem Caster Stems (Ricinus Communis, linn) www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 46.
    Sun Flower Stalk ArharSticks (Cajanus SP) and Jawar Stalk (Sorghum SP) Sugar Cane Leaves Paddy Husk 57. PROVISION OF CAPTIVE POWER GENERATION IN A 30 TPD AGRO- BASED PAPER PLANT AS A MEANS OF IMPROVING CAPACITY UTILIZATION Capacity Utilization Power Availability Captive Power Plant Recommended Scheme Features of the Scheme Fixed Costs Variable Costs Average Cost of Power Generation Economics and Discussion Conclusion www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 47.
    58. ENERGY CONSERVATIONIN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY SOME THOUGHTS Paper Industry Deliberations Total Energy Concept In-Plant Power Generation Energy Distribution and Utilization Overdesign and Capacity Utilization of the Equipment Energy Aduit Short Term-Long Term Action Programme Short Term Schemes Long Term Schemes Generation Short Term Long Term Transmission www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 48.
    Short Term Long Term Utilization ShortTerm Long Term Waste Streams Energy Conservation Approaches Factor Affecting Energy Efficiency Research and Development National Energy Programme Summary and Conclusions www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 49.
    WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.CO Niir Project ConsultancyServices (NPCS) can provide Process Technology Book on Pulp and Paper Processing See more https://goo.gl/MqZ7s4 https://goo.gl/jByd5s https://goo.gl/4KnBEM
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    Take a lookat NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES on #StreetView https://goo.gl/VstWkd WWW.ENTREPRENEURINDIA.C O www.niir.org
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    Locate us on GoogleMaps https://goo.gl/maps/BKkUtq9gevT2 www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Contact us Niir ProjectConsultancy Services 106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall, New Delhi-110007, India. Email: [email protected] , [email protected] Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955 Mobile: +91-9811043595 Fax: +91-11-23841561 Website : www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org Take a look at NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES on #StreetView https://goo.gl/VstWkd
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    An ISO 9001:2008Company www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    o One ofthe leading reliable names in industrial world for providing the most comprehensive technical consulting services o We adopt a systematic approach to provide the strong fundamental support needed for the effective delivery of services to our Clients’ in India & abroad Who are we? www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 56.
    We at NPCSwant to grow with you by providing solutions scale to suit your new operations and help you reduce risk and give a high return on application investments. We have successfully achieved top-notch quality standards with a high level of customer appreciation resulting in long lasting relation and large amount of referral work through technological breakthrough and innovative concepts. A large number of our Indian, Overseas and NRI Clients have appreciated our expertise for excellence which speaks volumes about our commitment and dedication to every client's success. www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    We bring deep,functional expertise, but are known for our holistic perspective: we capture value across boundaries and between the silos of any organization. We have proven a multiplier effect from optimizing the sum of the parts, not just the individual pieces. We actively encourage a culture of innovation, which facilitates the development of new technologies and ensures a high quality product. www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    o Project Identification oDetailed Project Reports/Pre-feasibility Reports o Business Plan o Industry Trends o Market Research Reports o Technology Books and Directory o Databases on CD-ROM o Laboratory Testing Services o Turnkey Project Consultancy/Solutions o Entrepreneur India (An Industrial Monthly Journal) What do we offer? www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    o We havetwo decades long experience in project consultancy and market research field o We empower our customers with the prerequisite know-how to take sound business decisions o We help catalyze business growth by providing distinctive and profound market analysis o We serve a wide array of customers , from individual entrepreneurs to Corporations and Foreign Investors o We use authentic & reliable sources to ensure business precision How are we different ? www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Our Approach Requirement collection Thoroughanalysis of the project Economic feasibility study of the Project Market potential survey/research Report Compilation www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Who do weserve? o Public-sector Companies o Corporates o Government Undertakings o Individual Entrepreneurs o NRI’s o Foreign Investors o Non-profit Organizations, NBFC’s o Educational Institutions o Embassies & Consulates o Consultancies o Industry / trade associations www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 62.
    Sectors We Cover oAyurvedic And Herbal Medicines, Herbal Cosmetics o Alcoholic And Non Alcoholic Beverages, Drinks o Adhesives, Industrial Adhesive, Sealants, Glues, Gum & Resin o Activated Carbon & Activated Charcoal o Aluminium And Aluminium Extrusion Profiles & Sections, o Bio-fertilizers And Biotechnology o Breakfast Snacks And Cereal Food o Bicycle Tyres & Tubes, Bicycle Parts, Bicycle Assembling www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 63.
    Sectors We CoverCont… o Bamboo And Cane Based Projects o Building Materials And Construction Projects o Biodegradable & Bioplastic Based Projects o Chemicals (Organic And Inorganic) o Confectionery, Bakery/Baking And Other Food o Cereal Processing o Coconut And Coconut Based Products o Cold Storage For Fruits & Vegetables o Coal & Coal Byproduct www.entrepreneurindia.co
  • 64.
    Sectors We CoverCont… o Copper & Copper Based Projects o Dairy/Milk Processing o Disinfectants, Pesticides, Insecticides, Mosquito Repellents, o Electrical, Electronic And Computer based Projects o Essential Oils, Oils & Fats And Allied o Engineering Goods o Fibre Glass & Float Glass o Fast Moving Consumer Goods o Food, Bakery, Agro Processing www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Sectors We CoverCont… o Fruits & Vegetables Processing o Ferro Alloys Based Projects o Fertilizers & Biofertilizers o Ginger & Ginger Based Projects o Herbs And Medicinal Cultivation And Jatropha (Biofuel) o Hotel & Hospitability Projects o Hospital Based Projects o Herbal Based Projects o Inks, Stationery And Export Industries www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Sectors We CoverCont… o Infrastructure Projects o Jute & Jute Based Products o Leather And Leather Based Projects o Leisure & Entertainment Based Projects o Livestock Farming Of Birds & Animals o Minerals And Minerals o Maize Processing(Wet Milling) & Maize Based Projects o Medical Plastics, Disposables Plastic Syringe, Blood Bags o Organic Farming, Neem Products Etc. www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Sectors We CoverCont… o Paints, Pigments, Varnish & Lacquer o Paper And Paper Board, Paper Recycling Projects o Printing Inks o Packaging Based Projects o Perfumes, Cosmetics And Flavours o Power Generation Based Projects & Renewable Energy Based Projects o Pharmaceuticals And Drugs o Plantations, Farming And Cultivations o Plastic Film, Plastic Waste And Plastic Compounds o Plastic, PVC, PET, HDPE, LDPE Etc. www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Sectors We CoverCont… o Potato And Potato Based Projects o Printing And Packaging o Real Estate, Leisure And Hospitality o Rubber And Rubber Products o Soaps And Detergents o Stationary Products o Spices And Snacks Food o Steel & Steel Products o Textile Auxiliary And Chemicals www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Sectors We CoverCont… o Township & Residential Complex o Textiles And Readymade Garments o Waste Management & Recycling o Wood & Wood Products o Water Industry(Packaged Drinking Water & Mineral Water) o Wire & Cable www.entrepreneurindia.co
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    Contact us Niir ProjectConsultancy Services 106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall, New Delhi-110007, India. Email: [email protected] , [email protected] Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955 Mobile: +91-9811043595 Fax: +91-11-23841561 Website : www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org Take a look at NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES on #StreetView https://goo.gl/VstWkd
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    For more information,visit us at: www.entrepreneurindia.co