Python Conditionals and Functions
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This document discusses conditional execution and functions in Python programming. It covers if and if-else statements for conditional execution, including syntax and examples. It also covers defining user-defined functions, function parameters and arguments, built-in functions like max(), min() and len(), pseudorandom number generation, type conversion functions, and math functions available in the math module.
![ Pseudorandom Numbers Generation
Uses module random
Eg:
import random
random.random() #0.9907777
Module creates an object. We can access function or variables using the dot operator.
randint(): takes 2 arguments low and high and returns a random number -> random.randint(2,40)
choice(): takes a list and returns a random number-> t=[1,2,-3,,12,7]
random.choice(t)
Random Numbers](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pythonconditionalsandfunctions-200813101014/85/Python-Conditionals-and-Functions-11-320.jpg)
![ Define own functions
Syntax:
def fname(arg_list):
Statement 1
Statement 2
……
Statement N
return value
def: keyword
fname: function name
arg_list: arguments
statements: instructions
return: keyword
Adding New Functions [User Defined Functions]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pythonconditionalsandfunctions-200813101014/85/Python-Conditionals-and-Functions-13-320.jpg)
Python Conditionals and Functions
- 1. CONDITIONAL EXECUTION, FUNCTIONS IN PYTHON PROGRAMMING PROF POOJA B S
- 2. Basic Level : if statement Alternative Level : if-else statement 1. if Statement 2. if-else Statement Entry Exit Exit Conditional Execution, Functions in Python Programming d Statement Block Condition False True d Statement Block1 Statement Block2 True Condition False
- 3. Syntax for if Statement: if condition: Statement Block Example for if Statement: 1. x=10 if x<40: print(“Yes 10 is less than 40”) #Yes 10 is less than 40 2. x=10 if x<0: pass #Do nothing 3. x=10 if x<0: print(“Yes 10 is less than 40”) #Shows Nothing
- 4. Syntax for if-else Statement: if condition: Statement Block1 else: Statement Block2 Example for if-else Statement: x=int(input(“Enter any number”)) if x%2==0: print(“Number is even”) else: print(“Number is odd”)
- 5. Nested Conditionals Eg 1 marks=float(input(“Enter Marks”)) if marks>60: if marks<70: print(“FC”) else: print(“FCD”)
- 6. Eg 2 gender=input("Enter Gender:n") age=int(input("Enter Age:n")) if gender=='Male': if age>=21: print("Boy is eligible for marriage") else: print("Boy is not eligible for marriage") elif gender=='Female': if age>=18: print("Girl is eligible for marriage") else: print("Girl is not eligible for marriage")
- 7. Catching Exceptions using try and except Avoid runtime error. Possible reason is wrong input. 40/0= divide by zero error: Runtime error Eg: a=int(input("Enter an")) b=int(input("Enter bn")) try: c=a/b print(c) except: print("Division by zero cannot be done")
- 8. Functions in Python Programming Named sequence of statements Performs Computation Built-in Functions: max, min, len max function: Gives the largest of values in the list min function: Gives the smallest of values in the list len function: Total number of characters in the list Eg: max(10,20,33) #33 min(-2,-1,0) #-2 len('10,20,30') #8 max('Hellohello') #o min('Hellohello') #H len('Hellohello') #10
- 9. ASCII Table
- 10. Type Conversion Functions Convert one type to another. 1. int function int(‘32’) #32 int(‘hello’) # invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'hello' int(3.7898) #3 int(-2.056) #-2 2. float function float(‘32’) #32.0 float(3.7898) #3.7898 3. str function str(32) #32 str(3.7898) #3.7898
- 11. Pseudorandom Numbers Generation Uses module random Eg: import random random.random() #0.9907777 Module creates an object. We can access function or variables using the dot operator. randint(): takes 2 arguments low and high and returns a random number -> random.randint(2,40) choice(): takes a list and returns a random number-> t=[1,2,-3,,12,7] random.choice(t) Random Numbers
- 12. Uses module math: import math Functions available in math are: sqrt(): math.sqrt(34) #5.8309 pi(): print(math.pi) #3.14159 log10(): math.log10(2) #0.30102999 log(): natural logarithm ->math.log(2) #0.69314718 sin(): argument must be in radians. If it is in degrees convert to radians by multiplying with pi/180: math.sin(90*math.pi/180) #1.0 pow(): math.pow(3,4) #81.0 Math Functions
- 13. Define own functions Syntax: def fname(arg_list): Statement 1 Statement 2 …… Statement N return value def: keyword fname: function name arg_list: arguments statements: instructions return: keyword Adding New Functions [User Defined Functions]
- 14. def myfun(): print('Hello') print('Inside the function') print('') print('Example of Function') myfun() print('End Example')
- 15. Parameters and Arguments def test(var): #var is a parameter print('Inside test()') print('Argument is:',var) print('Example of Function with Arguments') x='Hello' test(x) #x is an argument print('') y=20 test(y) #y is an argument print('Done With Arguments')
- 16. Easier to read, understand and debug Make program simple Divide long program to functions Why Functions