RAGU PPT
- 1. Automatic Railway Gate Crossing Control, & track switching using Microcontroller
- 2. ABSTRACT
- 3. This paper is aimed at controlling the railway tracks by using anti-collision techniques, automatic track switching and automatic gate control. This model is designed by using 8051 microcontroller to make better safety towards the railway accidents. Most of the railway accidents are mainly due to the careless manual control and level-crossing road users.
- 4. INTRODUCTION
- 5. Railway is serving millions of passengers and carrying tones of goods every day. Railways provide a better than other modes of transport by being energy efficient. It contributes a lot in our economy. Therefore, it is necessary for the management to make the train journey safe & reliable.
- 6. ACCIDENT AT NAGPUR,2002. (Head on collision) The manual signaling and operating sometimes may cause mistakes which result severe train accident with a huge number of casualties as well as colossal financial losses. In our research, the soul idea was to design a system to avoid the head on collisions of trains due to either disoperation or maliciousness. The system will work automatically send the information to the microcontroller which controls the entire operation. By analyzing cost, efficiency, reliability the system is found better than the existing system.
- 7. SENSING UNIT
- 8. This plays a key role in our project.
- 9. ANTI-COLLISION TECHNIQUES by position prediction method
- 10. Types: Head-on-collision and Rear-end collision. To avoid the collision of trains, the position and direction of the train is need to be sensed. Here, switching the train to another track is made to avoids the collision. This is made possible by the technique called AUTO TRACK SWITCHING TECHNIQUE.
- 12. This technique is enabled whenever the previously declared situation happens. It is a simple technique where a signal produced by the microcontroller runs a motor which switches the track to the other track. In most of the cases not only the position of the train but also the speed of the train is also need to be taken into the account. Because the train may collide with each other before it get switched. Here, the speed of the train also needed from the sensing unit is used.
- 13. AUTO GATE CONTROLLER & ALARM INDICATION
- 14. As the speed of the train is calculated. The gate can be closed only for the required time. SPEED=DISTANCE/TIME Distance is the distance gap of two sensors and time is the counter time which is measured at sensing unit. As the speed of the train is measured the time required by the train to cross the gate can be calculated. Here, the gate is closed and the indication light in ON for the time slightly greater than the calculated time to make sure the train has passed.
- 15. What should be the distance b/w the sensor placed?
- 16. Some conditions in placing the sensors.
- 17. HARDWARES REQUIRED 8051 Micro-controller DC motor (Nos.) 4 IR sensors (Nos.) 4 Indication lights ( red ,green )
- 18. THANK YOU!