This document discusses the development of rich graphical user interfaces (GUIs) using the Ext JS framework in conjunction with Ruby on Rails. It highlights the ease of using pre-built GUI components, the integration of Rails with Ext JS for handling data through JSON or XML, and provides detailed instructions on setting up a Rails application with Ext JS, including code examples for model, controller, and view. The conclusion emphasizes the benefits of a thin Rails backend while leveraging extensive JavaScript functionality.