Rate pre-programmed drug delivery system.pptx

Rate pre-programmed drug delivery system.pptx

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  PRE-PROGRAMMED DRUG DELIVERYSYSTEM Submitted to, Dr. Vimal Arora (HOD) Chandigarh University (UIPS) Submitted by, Harsh Kumar Pandey UID- 21MPI1003 (1st semester) M.Pharma (Industrial Pharmacy) Chandigarh University (UIPS)
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  CONTENT • Introduction ofCDDS • Signification of CDDS • Rate pre-programmed drug delivery system -Polymer membrane permeation CDDS -Polymer matrix diffusion CDDS -Micro reservoir partition CDDS • Reference
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  INTRODUCTION • Sustained release,sustained action, controlled release, extended action, timed release dosage forms are the terms used to identify drug delivery systems that are designed to achieve a prolonged therapeutic effect by continuously releasing medication over an extended period of time after the administration of single dose. • The term “Controlled release” has become associated with those systems from which therapeutic agents may be automatically delivered at predefined rates over a long period of time. • Control drug delivery system can be classified into four types
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  SIGNIFICANCE OF CONTROLDRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM • Controlled drug delivery is one which delivers the drug at a predetermined rate, for locally or systemically, for a specified period of time. • Controlled release drug delivery employs drug-encapsulating devices from which therapeutic agents may be released at controlled rates for long periods of time, ranging from days to months. Such systems offer numerous advantages over traditional methods of drug delivery, including tailoring of drug release rates, protection of fragile drugs and increased patient comfort and compliance. • A controlled drug delivery system is aimed at releasing the correct dose of a therapeutic directly in the desired zone and during the required period of time. This allows maximizing the efficacy of the therapeutic and minimizing the possible side effects
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  RATE PRE-PROGRAMMED DRUGDELIVERY SYSTEM  The release of drug molecules from the system has been pre-programmed of specific rate profile.  Diffusion of drug molecules into the medium is controlled.  Follow Fick’s law of diffusion. CLASSIFICATION OF RATE PRE-PROGRAMMED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM A. Polymer membrane permeation-controlled drug delivery systems B. Polymer matrix diffusion-controlled drug delivery systems C. Micro reservoir partition-controlled drug delivery systems
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  POLYMER MEMBRANE PERMEATION-CONTROLLEDDRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM  In this type, drug is totally or partially encapsulated within drug reservoir.  Drug release surface is covered by a rate controlling polymeric membrane having a specific permeability. Drug Encapsulation- • Injection Molding • Spray Coating • Microencapsulation Polymeric Membrane-  Non Porous  Microporous  Semi-permeable Drug reservoir- Solid/Suspension/Solution
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  TYPES OF POLYMERMEMBRANE PERMEATION CDDS a) SPHERE b) CYLINDER c) SHEET Source: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fblue-sea-697d.quartiers047.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Flink.springer.com
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  The rate ofdrug release is defined by, Where, Km/r & Ka/m = partition coefficient of the drug molecule from reservoir to rate controlling membrane and from membrane to aqueous Layer respectively. Dd and Dm = diffusion coefficient of rate controlling membrane and aqueous diffusion layer respectively. hm & hd = thickness of rate controlling membrane and aqueous diffusion layer respectively. CR = drug conc. In reservoir compartment. Release of drug molecules is controlled by : • Partition coefficient of the drug molecule. • Diffusivity of the drug molecule. • The thickness of the rate controlling membrane.
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  Example of PolymerMembrane Permeation CDDS Progestasert IUD • The drug reservoir is a suspension of progesterone & barium sulphate in silicone medical fluid and is encapsulated in the vertical limb of a T-shaped device walled by a non-porous membrane of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. • It is designed to deliver natural progesterone continuously in uterine cavity at a daily dosage rate of at least 65 μg/day to achieve contraception for 1 year.
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  POLYMER MATRIX DIFFUSIONCONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM • Drug reservoir is prepared by homogeneously dispersing drug particle in rate controlling polymer matrix. • Lipophilic or Hydrophilic polymer are used. • The drug dispersion in the polymer matrix is carried out by, a) Blending of drug with liquid polymer/highly viscous base polymer followed by cross linking of polymer chain b) Mixing of drug with rubbery polymer at elevated temperature. • The resultant drug polymer dispersion is then molded or extruded to form a drug delivery devices of various shapes. • Drug release from polymer matrix carried out as homogenous dispersion in Lipophilic, non swellable polymer matrix. Hydrophilic, swellable polymer matrix. Source https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fblue-sea-697d.quartiers047.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.slideshare.net%2Fganapati123%2Fcontr olled-drug-delivery-systems
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  The rate ofthe drug release from this system, Where, 𝑄 𝑡1/2 - rate of release of drug A – initial drug loading dose in the polymer matrix CR– drug solubility in polymer Dp – diffusivity of drug in polymer matrix Release of drug molecule is controlled by, • Loading dose • Polymer solubility of drug • Drug diffusivity in polymer matrix.
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  EXAMPLE- NITRO DUR •Nitro-dur is a transdermal system contains nitroglycerin in acrylic-based polymer adhesives with a resinous cross-linking agent to provide a continuous source of active ingredient. • It is designed for application on to intact skin for 24 hrs. to provide a continuous transdermal infusion of nitroglycerin at dosage rate of 0.5 mg/cm2 /day for the treatment of angina pectoris. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fblue-sea-697d.quartiers047.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.pharmatutor.org%2Farticles%2Fdetail- information-on-transdermal- patches&psig=AOvVaw2dRnBBfVxU9Ag7Jex7TEWJ&ust=1639859366881000&source=images&cd=vfe& ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCKjp4a7W6_QCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
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  MICRO-RESERVOIR PARTITION CONTROLLEDDRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM • In this type, drug reservoir is fabricated by micro dispersion of an aqueous suspension of drug in biocompatible polymer to form homogeneous dispersion. • Depending upon the physicochemical properties of drugs and desired rate of drug release, the device can be further coated with a layer of biocompatible polymer to modify the mechanism and the rate of drug release.
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  The rate ofdrug release is defined by where, n = the ratio of drug conc. (at the inner edge of the interfacial barrier over the drug solubility in the polymer matrix) M = a/b, a – ratio of drug conc( In the bulk of elution solution over drug solubility in the same medium)b= ratio of drug conc. (at the outer edge of the polymer coating membrane over drug solubility in the same polymer) Sl & sp = solubilities of the drug in the liquid compartments & in the polymer matrix, respectively. kl, km & kp = partition coefficient for the interfacial partitioning of the drug from the liquid compartment to the polymer matrix, from the polymer matrix to the polymer-coating membrane and from the polymer coating membrane to the elution solution respectively. Dl, dp & dd = diffusivities of the drug in the lipid layer surrounding the drug particle, the polymer coating membrane enveloping the polymer matrix, and the hydrodynamic diffusion layer surrounding the polymer coating membrane with the thickness hl, hp & hd.
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  • Release ofdrug molecules from this type of system can follow either a dissolution or a matrix diffusion controlled process depending upon the relative magnitude of Sl & Sp . • Release of drug molecule is controlled by, Partition coefficient Diffusivity of drug Solubility of drug Example:- Syncro Mate-C, Transdermal nitro disc system Syncro Mate-C is fabricated by dispersing the drug reservoir, which is a suspension of Norgestomet in an aqueous solution of PEG 400, in a viscous mixture of silicone elastomer. It is subdermal implant releases drug for 18 days. Syncro Mate-C Nitro disc system
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  REFERENCE • JOURNAL ARTICLETHE PHARMA INNOVATION controlled release drug delivery systems Bhowmik D, Gopinath H, Pragati Kumar(2012), 1(10) • Dr. k. Jesindha beyatricks, Mrs ashwani S joshi, Text book of Novel drug delivery system by Nirali Prakashan. • https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318293455_THE_NOVEL_DRUG_DELIVERY_SYSTEM • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_delivery • https://www.slideshare.net/KailasMali1/ratecontrolled-drug-delivery-system