The document discusses the useContext hook in React. It explains that hooks are special functions that start with "use" and are analogous to class component methods. The useContext hook allows components to access data from their parent context without having to pass props down through each level. Without useContext, data would need to be passed through props from the parent component to child components. With useContext, a Context Provider wraps components and provides a value that can be accessed using useContext in any child component without passing props.