Real comm2e ch12

Real comm2e ch12

• 1.
  Chapter 12 Preparing and Researching Presentations
• 2.
  • Describe thepower of public speaking and how preparation eases natural nervousness • Identify the purpose of your speech • Conduct audience analysis • Choose an appropriate topic and develop it Chapter Outcomes
• 3.
  • Support andenliven your speech with effective research • Cull from among your sources the material that will be most convincing • Give proper credit to sources and take responsibility for your speech Chapter Outcomes (cont.)
• 4.
  The Power ofPublic Speaking Public speaking includes… – A speaker with a reason for speaking – An audience that gives the speaker attention – A message that is meant to accomplish a specific purpose
• 5.
  Clarifying the General Purposeof Your Speech• Three general purposes include: – Informative speeches – Persuasive speeches – Special-occasion speeches
• 6.
  Clarifying the General Purposeof Your Speech (cont.) • To determine the specific purpose: – Ask what you want your audience to learn, do, consider, or agree with. – Write an action state- ment encompassing the topic and general speech purpose.
• 7.
  Analyzing Your Audience • Analysisrequires understanding: – Audience expectations – Unique situational factors – Demographics
• 8.
  Analyzing Your Audience (cont.) •Consider audience expectations and situational factors. – Speaking situation – Cultural expectations about public speaking – Knowledge of the speaker – Time of day
• 9.
  Analyzing Your Audience (cont.) •Consider audience demographics. – Demographics: the quantifiable characteristics of a large group • May focus on gender, socioeconomic status, age, nationality, and so on. – Such consideration will help make your topic or approach more interesting. • Use salient demographic details; avoid stereotyping.
• 10.
  Analyzing Your Audience (cont.) •Anticipate your audience’s response by: – Considering audience motivation – Seeking common ground (homogeny) – Determining prior exposure – Considering disposition – Laying the groundwork through observation, relationship building, surveys, Internet research
• 11.
  Choosing Your Topic •Find a topic that intrigues you. • Brainstorm or cluster to find topic ideas. • Narrow your topic by asking: – Am I interested? – Does it meet the assignment’s criteria? – Will my audience find it worthwhile?
• 12.
  Choosing Your Topic (cont.) •Determine the specific purpose of your speech. – A specific purpose statement expresses both the topic and general speech purpose in action form.
• 13.
  Choosing Your Topic (cont.) •Develop a thesis statement. – Conveys the central idea / core assumption about your topic – Summarizes what you want the audience to get out of your speech – Serves as a take-away message for your audience
• 14.
  Researching the Topic • Typesof information – Expert testimony – Lay testimony – Scientific research findings – Statistics – Anecdotes – Quotations – Comparisons and contrasts
• 15.
  Researching the Topic (cont.) •Researching Supporting Material – Talk to people • Interviews • Surveys – Search the literature • Library gateways – Use the Internet • Search engines, metasearch engines
• 16.
  Researching the Topic (cont.) •Evaluate supporting material to ensure it is: – Credible – Up-to-date – Accurate – Relevant – Compelling – Reliable
• 17.
  Ethical Speaking • Recognizingplagiarism – Do not present someone else’s information as your own. • Taking accurate notes – Note all quotes and paraphrases. – Keep a running bibliography. • Speaking ethically and responsibly – Be trustworthy, respectful, responsible, and fair.