Real comm2e ch3

Real comm2e ch3

• 1.
  Chapter 3 Communication and Culture
• 2.
  • Define andexplain culture and its impact on your communication • Delineate seven ways that cultural variables affect communication • Describe the communicative power of group affiliations Chapter Outcomes
• 3.
  Chapter Outcomes (cont.) •Explain key barriers to competent intercultural communication • Demonstrate behaviors that contribute to intercultural competence
• 4.
  • Culture: – Alearned system of thought and behavior that belongs to and typifies a relatively large group of people – The composite of their shared beliefs, values, and practices Understanding Culture
• 5.
  • We learnculture through communication with others. • We express our culture through communication. • Your personal worldview is the framework through which you interpret the world and the people in it. Culture Is Learned
• 6.
  • The communicationbetween people from different cultures who have different worldviews • Necessary in our diverse, mobile society • Mediated communication gives us regular exposure to people from other cultures. Intercultural Communication
• 7.
  • Cultural variationsplay out along a continuum and are not absolute. • High-context cultures use contextual cues to both interpret meaning and send subtle messages – Cues: time, place, relationship, situation Communication and Cultural Variations
• 8.
  • Low-context culturesuse direct language and rely less on situational factors. – Examples: U.S., Canada, northern Europe • Collectivistic cultures perceive selves primarily as members of a group; use hyperbole. – Examples: Arab and Latin American cultures, China, Japan Communication and Cultural Variations (cont.)
• 9.
  • Co-cultures withina larger culture Communication and Cultural Variations (cont.)
• 10.
  • Individualistic culturesvalue individuality, communicate autonomy and privacy, and downplay emotions. – Examples: U.S., Great Britain, Australia, Germany • High uncertainty avoidance cultures adapt behavior to avoid risk and use formal rules to communicate. – Examples: Portugal, Greece, Peru, Japan Communication and Cultural Variations (cont.)
• 11.
  • Low uncertaintyavoidance cultures have a higher tolerance for risk and ambiguity and use fewer formal rules to communicate. – Examples: Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, U.S. • Power distance is the way in which cultures accept the division of power among individuals. Communication and Cultural Variations (cont.)
• 12.
  • Masculine culturesplace value on assertiveness, achievement, ambition, and competitiveness. – Examples: Mexico, Japan, Italy • Feminine cultures value nurturance, relationships, and quality of life. – Examples: Sweden, Norway Communication and Cultural Variations (cont.)
• 13.
  • Time orientation:the way that cultures communicate about and with time – Monochronistic cultures are time- conscious; include U.S., Great Britain – Polychronistic cultures have a more fluid approach to time; include Latin America, Asia Communication and Cultural Variations (cont.)
• 14.
  • In monochronisticcultures, time is a valuable resource that is not to be wasted. Polychronistic cultures have a more fluid approach to time and deal with various projects and people simultaneously. Communication and Cultural Variations (cont.)
• 15.
  • Co-cultures: Membersshare some of the general culture’s system of thought and behavior, but have distinct unifying characteristics. – Include race, gender, sexual orientation, religion – Include generations Understanding Group Affiliations
• 16.
  • Social IdentityTheory includes – Personal identity – Social identity from your group memberships • Intergroup communication – How communication occurs within and between groups and affects relationships – We communicate differently with people in ingroups versus outgroups. Understanding Group Affiliations (cont.)
• 17.
  • Anxiety • Ethnocentrism •Discrimination – Behavioral affirmation – Behavioral confirmation Intercultural Communication Challenges
• 18.
  • Changing thinking(cognition) • Changing feelings (affect) • Changing behavior • Being mindful (intercultural sensitivity) • Desiring to learn about other cultures Improving Intercultural Communication
• 19.
  • Overcoming intergroupbiases – Intergroup contact theory: interaction between members of different social groups generates a possibility for more positive attitudes. Improving Intercultural Communication (cont.)
• 20.
  • Accommodating appropriately –Convergence involves shifting language or nonverbal behaviors toward each other’s way of communicating. – Avoid overaccommodation, or going too far in making changes based on stereotypes about another group. Improving Intercultural Communication (cont.)
• 21.
  • Listen effectively. •Think before you speak or act. • Be empathic. • Do the right thing. Practice Your Skills