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Renaissance
The document discusses Renaissance architecture between 1400-1600 AD. Renaissance architecture was inspired by classical Greek and Roman architecture, with an emphasis on symmetry, proportion, and geometry. There were three periods - Early Renaissance from 1400-1500 focused on adopting classical details; High Renaissance from 1500-1525 showed mastery of the style in different building types; and Mannerism from 1520-1600 experimented with spatial relationships. St. Peter's Basilica is highlighted as one of the greatest buildings of the Renaissance, constructed over multiple decades and designs by architects like Bramante and Michelangelo.
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Renaissance
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- 2. Introduction • Between1400 and 1600, Classical ideas were reborn in Italy and northern Europe. This period is known as the Renaissance, which means born anew in French.
- 3. Renaissance architecturewas inspired by architecture of classical Greece and Rome. Greek Architecture Roman Architecture Renaissance Architecture Renaissance architecture was highly symmetrical and carefully proportioned.
- 4. For morethan five centuries, artists in Northern Italy were exploring new ideas. During the early 1500s, Italy saw an explosion of talent and innovation. This period is called the High Renaissance. St. Petersburg Basilica
- 5. Over thenext century, Renaissance ideas crept north through Europe, gradually replacing the earlier Gothic approaches to art and architecture.
- 6. Renaissance Architecture Era Early Renaissance Architecture - 1400–1500AD High Renaissance - 1500–1525 Mannerism - 1520–1600
- 7. Early Renaissance -Period 1400 – 1500 AD - Also known as Quattrocento - Concepts of architectural order were explored and rules were formulated. - The study of classical antiquity led in particular to the adoption of Classical detail and ornamentation. - Space, as an element of architecture, was utilised differently from the way it had been in the Middle Ages. - It was organised by proportional logic, its form and rhythm subject to geometry, rather than being created by intuition as in Medieval buildings.
- 8. High Renaissance -Period 1500 – 1525 AD - During the High Renaissance, concepts derived from classical antiquity were developed and used with greater surety. - In the late 15th century and early 16th century architects such as Bramante, Antonio da Sangallo and others showed a mastery of the revived style and ability to apply it to buildings which were quite different from the structures of ancient times. - The style became more decorated and ornamental, statuary, domes and cupolas becoming very evident
- 9. Mannerism - Period1520 – 1525 AD - During the Mannerist period, architects experimented with using architectural forms to emphasize solid and spatial relationships. - The Renaissance ideal of harmony gave way to freer and more imaginative rhythms.
- 10. Architectural Style The Renaissance style places emphasis on symmetry, proportion, geometry. They are demonstrated in the architecture of classical antiquity and in particular ancient Roman architecture, of which many examples remained.
- 11. Characteristics Of Renaissance Architeture Plan - The plans of Renaissance buildings have a square, symmetrical appearance in which proportions are usually based on a module.
- 12. Facade -Facades are symmetrical around their vertical axis. - Church facades are generally surmounted by a pediment and organized by a system of pilasters, arches and entablatures. - The columns and windows show a progression towards the center. Entablatures Arch Pilasters
- 13. Features Symmetricalarrangement of windows and doors Extensive use of Classical columns and pilasters Triangular pediments Square lintels Arches Domes Niches with sculptures
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- 16. St. Petersburg Basilica Located within the Vatican City St. Peter's Basilica has the largest interior of any Christian church in the world, holding 60,000 people. It is regarded as one of the holiest Christian sites. Construction of the present basilica, over the old Constantinian basilica, began on April 18, 1506 and was completed on November 18, 1626 Old New
- 17. St. Peter'sis famous as a place of pilgrimage, for its liturgical functions and for its historical associations It is associated with the papacy, with the Counter-reformation and with numerous artists, most significantly Michelangelo. As a work of architecture, it is regarded as the greatest building of its age.
- 18. St. Peter’s Rebuild There are few architects who redesign the existing building In the Renaissance period. - Donato Bramante - Baldassare Perruzi - Raphael - Antonio da Sangallo the Younger - Giacomo della Porta - Michelangelo
- 19. The Process Plans Bramante’s Plan Raphael’s Plan Michelangelo’s Plan
- 21. Primary Design Elements– Plane And Volume Michelangelo’s Plan Planes Volume
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- 27. Form And Space - The form assembled with fine arches of the wide openings which functions as the ventilation to circulate human humidity inside the building.
- 28. Domes - Theunique design of the dome, penetrate natural lighting inside to the center of the dome. - The concept, avoids direct sunlight from entering the dome. - The sunlight diffused before it came down to the center
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- 30. Conclusion “ Welearn from the past, we develop in the future “