Renewable Energy.pptx
- 2. Renewable Energy Webinar on Department of Electrical Engineering Presented By: Mr. Mohit A Bhasvar Assistant Professor GUNI - UVPCE Helpline@ 9727729155
- 3. ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION CONVENTIONAL SOURCES THERMAL POWER PLANT HYDRO POWER PLANT NUCLEAR POWER PLANT NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES SOLAR ENERGY Helpline@ 9727729155
- 4. Sources of Energy Renewable Energy Resources Non – Renewable Energy Resources Also known as NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES They can be renewed. Also known as CONVENTIONAL SOURCES They cannot be renewed again.
- 6. Electricity Generation, transmission and Distribution
- 7. Energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power. Any energy resource that is naturally regenerated over a short time scale and derived directly from the sun (such as thermal, photochemical, and photoelectric), indirectly from the sun (such as wind, hydropower, and photosynthetic energy stored in biomass), or from other natural movements and mechanisms of the environment (such as geothermal and tidal energy). What is Renewable Energy?
- 9. Renewable Energy Sources Solar Energy Source Wind Energy Hydroelectricity Tidal Power Biomass Energy Geothermal Power
- 10. Solar Energy Source Solar Energy is energy (light or heat) that comes from the sun. Solar Electric- Turning light from the sun directly into electricity, using solar panels. Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using Photovoltaic (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power.
- 11. Solar Panels are commonly called Photovoltaic Panels (PV Panels) Photo means light and voltaic means electricity. Photovoltaic panels are made from Silicon which is the same material that makes up sand. Silicon is heated to extremely high temperatures at a factory, and then formed into very thin layers When the sunlight hits the PV panel, it moves around tiny particles of silicon called electrons. The silicon electrons travel though the wires that are built into the PV panel to create energy!
- 13. Solar Energy Source ● Modern residential solar power systems use photovoltaic (PV) to collect the sun’s energy. “Photo” means “produced by light,” and “voltaic” is “electricity produced by a chemical reaction.” ● Commercial residential PV modules range in power output from 10 watts to 300 watts, in a direct current. A PV module must have an inverter to change the DC electricity into alternating current energy in order to be usable by electrical devices and compatible with the electric grid.
- 15. Growth of Solar Power in India (in MW) Rajasthan – 1294.60 Tamandu – 1267.41 Gujrat - 1123.36 {as on 31st July 2016} (Source: “State wise installed solar power capacity report” Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Govt. of India) And 66% growth in Solar Roof Top Market. Recently India added 240 MW of Rooftop Solar Capacity against 145MW in Nov.2014 to Oct. 2015
- 16. Existing Solar Plants in India ● https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/list-of-solar-power- plants-in-india-1607686203-1
- 18. Advantages to solar power ● Solar energy is free - it needs no fuel and produces no waste or pollution. ● In sunny countries, solar power can be used where there is no easy way to get electricity to a remote place. ● Handy for low-power uses such as solar powered garden lights and battery chargers
- 19. Disadvantages to Solar Power Doesn't work at night. Very expensive to build solar power stations. Solar cells cost a great deal compared to the amount of electricity they'll produce in their lifetime. Can be unreliable unless you're in a very sunny climate.
- 21. Wind is simply defined as moving air. When the earth heats up from sunrays it releases wind, this is a balanced reaction meant to cool the earth. The sun heat is felt more on dry land than on the sea. The air expands and easily reaches maximum high altitudes, then cool air drops down and moves as wind.
- 26. WORKING PRINCIPLE • The wind power can be gained by making it blow past the blades that will cause the rotor to twist. • The amount of power transferred is directly proportional to the density of the air, the area swept out by the rotor, and the cube of the wind speed. It can be found out by the following equation:
- 27. ● WIND TURBINES convert the kinetic energy in the WIND into mechanical energy. And generator can convert the mechanical power into electricity. ● The energy in the wind turn two or three propeller like blades a rotor. Rotor is connected to the main shaft which spin a generator to create an electricity. ● Wind turbines are mounted on tower about the height of 30meter to captured the most energy.
- 28. Advantages of Wind power Wind is free, wind farms need no fuel. Produces no waste or greenhouse gases. The land beneath can usually still be used for farming. Wind farms can be tourist attractions. A good method of supplying energy to remote areas
- 29. Disadvantages of Wind Power The wind is not always predictable some days have no wind. Suitable areas for wind farms are often near the coast, where land is expensive. Can kill birds - migrating flocks tend to like strong winds. Splat! Can affect television reception if you live nearby. Noisy. A wind generator makes a constant, low, "swooshing" noise day and night.
- 30. Wind policy in states
- 31. Hydroelectricity ● Utilizes potential energy of water at high level for generation of electrical energy is known as HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER STATION. ● A dam is built across a large river to create a reservoir. The higher the head, the greater the amount of power that can be generated. Water is stored in a reservoir during low electricity production. Water is released and flows are controlled as electricity demands peak. ● Water spins the turbines in the “powerhouse”. Electricity is distributed to end user.
- 32. Hydroelectricity ● A dam is built to trap water, usually in a valley where there is an existing lake. ● Water is allowed to flow through tunnels in the dam, to turn turbines and thus drive generators. ● Hydro-electricity provides 20% of the world’s power
- 35. Lets us watch a video….
- 36. Advantages of Hydroelectricity Once the dam is built, the energy is virtually free. No waste or pollution produced. Much more reliable than wind, solar or wave power. Water can be stored above the dam ready to cope with peaks in demand. Hydro-electric power stations can increase to full power very quickly, unlike other power stations. Electricity can be generated constantly.
- 37. Disadvantages to Hydroelectricity The dams are very expensive to build. Building a large dam will flood a very large area upstream, causing problems for animals that used to live there. Finding a suitable site can be difficult - the impact on residents and the environment may be unacceptable. Water quality and quantity downstream can be affected, which can have an impact on plant life.
- 38. • Fill in the missing word in the dams for hydropower plants 1) K __ d _ _ a dam 2) _ a _ a_ dam 3) __ A __ A T __ I dam 4) __ A __ __ A ___ S __ R __ V__ R A A N P N M K P A S R D R A O A
- 39. HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS IN INDIA
- 40. TIDAL POWER ● Tidal power works rather like a hydro-electric scheme, except that the dam is much bigger. ● A huge dam (called a "barrage") is built across a river estuary. When the tide goes in and out, the water flows through tunnels in the dam. ● The ebb and flow of the tides can be used to turn a turbine, or it can be used to push air through a pipe, which then turns a turbine. Large lock gates, like the ones used on canals, allow ships to pass. ● Only around 20 sites in the world have been identified as possible tidal power stations.
- 41. TIDAL POWER
- 42. Advantages to Tidal Power Once you've built it, tidal power is free. It produces no greenhouse gases or other waste. It needs no fuel. It produces electricity reliably. Not expensive to maintain. Tides are totally predictable.
- 43. Disadvantages to Tidal Power ● A barrage across a large river is very expensive to build, and affects a very wide area - the environment is changed for many miles upstream and downstream. ● Many birds rely on the tide uncovering the mud flats so that they can feed. there are few suitable sites for tidal barrages. ● Only provides power for around 10 hours each day, when the tide is actually moving in or out.
- 44. BIOMASS ENERGY Biomass is fuel that is developed from organic materials, a renewable and sustainable source of energy used to create electricity or other forms of power. 1. Scrap lumber 2. Forest debris 3. Certain crops 4. Manure 5. Some types of waste residues.
- 45. How Biomass Works ● Plant and animal waste is used to produce fuels such as methanol, natural gas, and oil. We can use rubbish, animal manure, woodchips, seaweed, corn stalks and other wastes. ● Sugar cane is harvested and taken to a mill, where it is crushed to extract the juice. The juice is used to make sugar, whilst the left-over pulp, called "bagasse" can be burned in a power station
- 46. ● Other solid wastes, can be burned to provide heat, or used to make steam for a power station. ● Burn fuel > heat water to make steam>steam turns turbine > turbine turns generator>electrical power sent around the country
- 47. Advantages to Biomass It makes sense to use waste materials where we can. The fuel tends to be cheap. Less demand on the Earth's resources.
- 48. Disadvantages to Using Biomass Collecting the waste in sufficient quantities can be difficult. We burn the fuel, so it makes greenhouse gases. Some waste materials are not available all year round.
- 49. Geothermal Power Hot rocks underground heat water to produce steam. We drill holes down to the hot region, steam comes up, is purified and used to drive turbines, which drive electric generators. There may be natural "groundwater" in the hot rocks anyway, or we may need to drill more holes and pump water down to them.
- 50. Advantages to Geothermal Power Geothermal energy does not produce any pollution, and does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. The power stations do not take up much room, so there is not much impact on the environment. No fuel is needed. Once you've built a geothermal power station, the energy is almost free. It may need a little energy to run a pump, but this can be taken from the energy being generated.
- 51. Disadvantages to Geothermal Power The big problem is that there are not many places where you can build a geothermal power station. You need hot rocks of a suitable type, at a depth where we can drill down to them. The type of rock above is also important, it must be of a type that we can easily drill through. Sometimes a geothermal site may "run out of steam", perhaps for decades. Hazardous gases and minerals may come up from underground, and can be difficult to safely dispose of.
- 52. Is it Renewable? ● Geothermal energy is renewable. ● The energy keeps on coming, as long as we don't pump too much cold water down and cool the rocks too much.
Editor's Notes
- #44: Estuary: the tidal mouth of a large river