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States and Nations
This document discusses several key concepts related to politics and identity. It defines a state as a political entity with organized government and fixed territory, while a nation is a cultural identity based on shared traits. When states and nations do not align, it can cause political conflicts. Language, religion, and ethnicity are also discussed as potential bases for national identity that have led to political issues, especially when fundamentalist interpretations emerge or differences divide populations.
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States and Nations
- 1. States and NationsStatesand Nations
- 2. State - a peoplepermanently occupying a fixed territory bound together by common habits and custom into one body politic exercising, through the medium of an organized government.
- 4. Nation - self-identification ofa people, common identity may be built upon a common language, history, race, or culture, or simply upon a fact that this group occupied the same territory.
- 5. Connection to Politics -When states and nations do not coincide, it can cause explosive political conflict. - Some nations have been divided into two or more states for political reasons.
- 6. There is adifference between the terms nation, state, and country, even though the words are often used interchangeably. Country and State are synonymous terms that both apply to self-governing political entities. A Nation, however, is a group of people who share the same culture but do not have sovereignty.
- 7. Nationality and EthnicityNationalityand Ethnicity
- 8. Max Weber (Ethnicgroups) “those human groups that entertain a subjective belief in their common descent because of similarities of physical type or of customs or both because of memories of colonization and migration. . . It does not matter whether or not an objective blood relationship exists.”
- 9. Nationality - The statusof belonging to a particular nation by origin, birth, or naturalization.
- 10. Ethnicity - an ethnicgroup; a social group that shares a common and distinctive culture, religion, language, or the like. Tagalog, Bisaya, Ilocano, Hiligaynon. Etc.
- 11. Connection to Politics -Ethnic differences have been the source of a large number of political conflicts around the world.
- 12.
- 13. Language - the systemof words or signs that people use to express thoughts and feelings to each other, often spoken. 5,000 different language in world today. 200 languages have a million speakers 8 maybe classified as world languages 350 million people who speak English at home 1.8 billion who live in countries where it is an official language
- 14. Other international language •Spanish 300 • Arabic 200 • Russian 165 • Portuguese 165 • French 100 • German 100 • Chinese 1.2B
- 15. Connection to Politics -Linguistic divisions can create particularly thorny political problems.
- 16. Religious Beliefs andFundamentalismReligious Beliefs and Fundamentalism
- 17. A common faithcan be basis of national identity for majority of population.
- 18. Religious Belief - thebelief in the reality of the mythological, supernatural, or spiritual aspects of a religion. Religious belief is distinct from religious practice or religious behaviors with some believers not practicing religion and some practitioners not believing religion.
- 19. Fundamentalism - a formof a religion, especially Islam or Protestant Christianity, that upholds belief in the strict, literal interpretation of scripture.
- 20. Connection to Politics -Fundamentalist Islamic movements have appeared, frequently employing violence and terrorism in their efforts to gain power.