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Reported speech
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- 2. WHY DO WEUSE IT ? •To tell people what other people have said. •To repeat information that somebody didn’t hear or didn’t quite understand. •2
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- 4. HOW DO WEUSE IT ? • When we report something which is always true or what someone is saying or thinking now, we use indirect speech after says, thinks, hopes, etc., without changing the verb tense. •4
- 5. •5 He says he lovesrock music
- 6. They have said theyare flying to Ibiza 6
- 7. Grandpa - Howare you,Tim? Tim - I am fine. Grandpa -What did you say? Tim - I said I am fine. Grandpa -What did he say, dear? Grandma - He said he is fine. 7
- 8. CHANGES • When wewant to report what someone said to us in the past, then we need to introduce some changes involving… –Verb tenses –Pronouns –Time expressions –Demonstratives –Adverbs of place •8
- 9. 9 Statements areusually reported with a past tense verb (said, told…) The form of the verb that follows “moves back” in time. CHANGES IN VERB TENSES
- 10. CHANGES IN VERBTENSES 10 I’m the king of the world! The verb moves back in time, so…
- 11. CHANGES IN VERBTENSES 11 The verb moves back in time, so… The verb moves back in time, so… He said he was the king of the world
- 12. • Direct speech Indirectspeech Present Simple Present Continuous Present Perfect Past Simple be going to Past Simple Let’s go back in time: work out the verb transformation.
- 13. • Direct speech Indirectspeech Present Simple Present Continuous Present Perfect Past Simple be going to Past Simple Past Continuous “I like travelling.” She said (that) she liked travelling. “I’m leaving tomorrow.” He told her (that) he was leaving the next day.
- 14. • Direct speech Indirectspeech Present Simple Present Continuous Present Perfect Past Simple be going to Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect “I’ve forgotten my keys” He said (that) he had forgotten his keys.
- 15. • Direct speech Indirectspeech Present Simple Present Continuous Present Perfect Past Simple be going to Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect Past perfect or Past Simple “I passed the exam” She told me (that) she had passed the exam.
- 16. • Direct speech Indirectspeech Present Simple Present Continuous Present Perfect Past Simple be going to Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect Past perfect or Past Simple Was / were going to “I’m going on the trip of my life!” She said (that) she was going on the trip of her life.
- 17. CHANGES IN VERBTENSES What about modal verbs? Some modal verbs also change when used in reported speech.These are: can must will may 17
- 18. CHANGES IN VERBTENSES What about modal verbs? Some modal verbs also change when used in reported speech.These are: can could must had to will would may might 18
- 19. CHANGES IN VERBTENSES What about modal verbs? However other modal verbs don’t need to change, like: should could might would 19
- 20. OTHER CHANGES 20 “I’ll alwayslove you.” He said (that) he would always love me. “I’ve broken my leg” She said (that) she had broken her leg. “I met my girlfriend’s family.” He told us that he had met his girlfriend’s family.”
- 21. OTHER CHANGES… Personal andpossessive pronouns and adjectives I I / he / she we they me me / him / her us them you him / her / us / them my my/ / his / her our their your his / her / our / their mine mine / his / hers ours theirs yours his / hers / ours / theirs
- 22. OTHER CHANGES… •22 now today /tonight yesterday tomorrow last year next then that day / that night the day before the following day the year before Time expressions the following
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- 24. He said (that) hewould see her the following month 24 I’ll see you next month He said…
- 25. He said (that)he had lost his keys 25 I’ve lost my keys! He said…
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- 27. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 1. “I can’t remember which exit it is”. She said (that) she couldn’t remember which exit it was. 27
- 28. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 1. “I can’t remember which exit it is”. 28
- 29. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 2. “I can’t find my mobile”. He said… 29
- 30. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 2. “I can’t find my mobile”. He said… He said (that) he couldn’t find his mobile. 30
- 31. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 3. “We probably won’t get the message”.They said… 31
- 32. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 3. “We probably won’t get the message”.They said… They said (that) they probably wouldn’t get the message. 32
- 33. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 4. “I’ve finished my exams!” She said… 33
- 34. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 4. “I’ve finished my exams!” She said… She said (that) she’d finished her exams. 34
- 35. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 5. “The film will be on tomorrow.” They told us… 35
- 36. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 5. “The film will be on tomorrow.” They told us… They told us (that) the film would be on the next day / the following day. 36
- 37. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 6. “I can’t stay here very long.” He told me… 37
- 38. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 6. “I can’t stay here very long.” He told me… He told me (that) he couldn’t stay there very long. 38
- 39. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 7. “I must leave at 6.30.” She said… 39
- 40. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 7. “I must leave at 6.30.” She said… She said (that) she had to leave at 6.30. 40
- 41. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 8. “We’ve never forgotten our visit.”They told me… 41
- 42. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 8. “We’ve never forgotten our visit.”They told me… They told me (that) they’d never forgotten their visit. 42
- 43. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 9. “I saw a man hiding in the bushes.” He said… 43
- 44. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 9. “I saw a man hiding in the bushes.” He said… He said (that) he saw / had seen a man hiding in the bushes 44
- 45. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 10.“I don’t really want to see him.” she told me… 45
- 46. COMPLETE THE SENTENCESUSING REPORTED SPEECH 10.“I don’t really want to see him.” she told me… She told me (that) she didn’t really want to see him. 46
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- 49. REPORTING QUESTIONS •When wereport a question everything changes as in reported statements. 49 Reported questions are not “real” questions with question marks, so we don’t use do / did. The order of the subject and the verb is like in affirmative sentences.
- 50. REPORTING QUESTIONS Wecan report questions with verbs like ask, wonder, and want to know. He asked me… She wanted to know… We were wondering…
- 51. REPORTING QUESTIONS Yes/no questionsvs Wh- questions In WH-questions we keep the question word. They asked me how old I was. In Yes/No questions we add if or whether. They also wanted to know if I was married or whether I had a boyfriend.
- 52. They wanted to knowwhere the zoo was. 52 Where is the zoo? They asked…
- 53. She asked if/ whether the London train stopped there. 53 He asked… Does the London train stop here?
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- 55. My computer asked meto wait Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 66 My computer …
- 56. The authorities recommend not touse your mobile phone while driving Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 67 The authorities recommend…
- 57. WE’RE ALMOST DONE! N OW L E T ’ S C O M P L E T E S E N T E N C E S 4 , 6 , 1 0 F RO M T H E L A S T A C T I V I T Y. Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 68
- 58. • “Please fillin the application form.” • He told me… He told me to fill in the application form. Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 69
- 59. • “Make sureyou buy enough food.” • She told us… She told us to make sure we bought enough food. Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 70
- 60. • “Don’t forgetto bring your laptops.” • They told us… They told us not to forget to bring our laptops. Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 71
- 61. agree decide offerpromise refuse threaten Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 75 He threatened to kill us
- 62. agree decide offerpromise refuse threaten Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 76 He offered to help “Shall I help you?”, he said
- 63. VERB + PERSON+ TO + INFINITIVE ask invite advise encourage remind warn tell convince persuade beg Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 77
- 64. ask invite adviseencourage remind warn tell convince persuade beg Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 78 “If I were you, I wouldn’t have any more piercings”, she said She advised him not to have any more piercings
- 65. ask invite adviseencourage remind warn tell convince persuade beg Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 79 “Be careful and don’t drink too much at the party”, my mum told me She warned me not to drink too much
- 66. ask invite adviseencourage remind warn tell convince persuade beg Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 80 “Come on! You can play the piano!”, his parents have always told him. His parents have always encouraged him to play the piano