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Resilient seed systems and Adaptation to climate change
The document discusses a research project on resilient seed systems and climate change adaptation conducted in eight African countries, focusing on the identification and testing of climate-smart germplasm. It details methodologies for analyzing farmers' needs, climate data, and the matching of plant varieties to current and future climate conditions. Findings from Zambia and Zimbabwe highlight the challenges faced by farmers and the potential germplasm suitable for adaptation to climate changes.
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Resilient seed systems and Adaptation to climate change
- 1. Resilient seed systemsand Adaptation to climate change: Some Results from Participatory Climate & Crops Suitability modeling in 8 African Countries Otieno Gloria Date: 16-20th November 2015, Addis Ababa
- 2. 1. Analysis of farmers’needs and community dynamics 2. Selection of tools and software, and data preparation germplasm identification 4. Germplasm acquisition 5. Field testing of germplasm 3. Climate change analysis and 6. Selection/ enhancement of climate smart varieties 8. Germplasm conservation (in-situ/ex-situ) 7. Multiplication/ distribution of climate smart seeds Resilient Seed Systems and Adaptation to Climate Change Research Process
- 3. Methodology 1: Climatechange Analysis Past to present: Meteorological data and Focus group discussions with farmers ( local indigenous knowledge) Future climate change: predictions from World Clim (www.worldclim.org )
- 4. Methodology 2: Identifyingsuitably adapted germplasm • GIS + Climate modeling: matching Accessions with climates • Identifying specific climate challenges (present and future) • Identifying Accessions through GIS and crop suitability modeling • National gene bank accessions • International gene bank accessions (www.genesys-pgr.org • Locally adapted germplasm ( Local indigenous knowledge)
- 5.
- 6. Zambia Results: Chikankata Locatedin SW part of Zambia Rainfall amounts - 600- 1000mm Average temperature -13- 27ºC Mixed cropping systems – livestock, maize (staple), sorghum, bambara nut, beans, pumpkins, yams…. Climate challenges: Shorter rainy season, Erratic rainfall and prolonged dry spells
- 8. Present & futureclimate challenges Present Temperature & Precipitation Temperature & Precipitation for 2050’s
- 9. • Climate changeperception • shortening of the growing seasons (less number of rainy days • Erratic Rainfall • Prolonged dry season • Loss of diversity (due to climate change) • Preference for earlier maturing varieties • 3 out of 14 local maize varieties identified for climate change Participatoryexercises with farmers
- 10. Potentially adapted materialfrom national gene bank (present) (34 out of 98 Accessions)
- 11. Potentially adaptable materialfrom national gene bank (2050’s) (11 Accessions)
- 12. Geographic origin of22,000 accessions of maize in collections around the World
- 13. Potentially adaptable materialfor present climate conditions (280)
- 14. Potentially adapted materialfor future climate conditions for Chikankata, Zambia (109)
- 15. Results Zimbabwe: Tsholotsho Locatedin SW part of Zimbabwe Rainfall amounts - 400- 600mm Average temperature - 13.5-28ºC Mixed cropping systems – livestock, sorghum, millets, maize Climate challenges: Erratic rainfall and prolonged dry spells
- 16. P0tentially adaptable sorghummaterials from national gene bank (34 out 0f 98)
- 17. Potentially adaptable materialfrom national gene bank (2050’s) (11 Accessions)
- 18. Geographic origin of22,000 accessions of Sorghum in collections around the World
- 19. Potentially adapted materialfor Present climate conditions for Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe(1593 Accessions)
- 20. Potentially adapted materialfor future climate conditions for Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe (1232 Accessions)
- 21. Implications for ABS•What does this imply for future climate change and adaptation? (countries may need materials from elsewhere, and countries may be asked to provide) • ACCESS • MLS material – (CIMMYT and ICRISAT) accessible through the SMTA (ITPGRFA) • Non –MLS material (NAGOYA PROTOCOL) • For example held by USDA (national law – not ITPGRFA or CBD or NP members) • Materials in Farmers Hands (national implementing the NP if they are NP member state)
- 22. Benefit sharing • Accessto adaptable germplsam • Partnerships • Tech transfer • Capacity building • Benefit sharing fund • Monetary if NP
- 23.