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ROJoson PEP Talk: What / Who is a General Surgeon in the Philippines?

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Reynaldo Joson

ROJoson PEP Talk: What / Who is a General Surgeon in the Philippines?

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August 16, 2025 1400H - 1500H Via Zoom What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management.
August 16, 2025 1400H - 1500H Via Zoom What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. Welcome all! MUTE yourself but always show your video picture. Sign in your name, FB account, or email address in the Chat Box! Include names of companions attending. Use the Chat Box to ask questions and make comments while the PEP TALK is on. There will be group pictures at start and end of PEP TALK – show your face in video.
t Reminder after the PEP Talk: Take the Online Learning cum Evaluation Test Exercise (OLETE) for mastery of learning and have a perfect score to get a Certificate. Link is in Chat Box.
Reminder: 25 OLETE Certificates = 1 Voucher for ROJoson Medical Consultation either Face-to-Face or Telemedical.
What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. ROJOSON’S REQUEST: FEEDBACK TO THIS PEP TALK! Pls. type in your feedback in the chat box during the open forum and before we adjourn! Thank you!
What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. LET’S NOW HAVE A GROUP PICTURE TAKING BEFORE WE START PEP TALK PROPER IN 2 MINUTES! Pls. turn on your video! Show your face!
What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. ROJoson PEP Talk I have a Patient Empowerment Program in which I like to empower the lay people or patients to take control in the management of their health.
I started the PEP Talk on May 15, 2021 during the COVID19 Pandemic. There are 3 courses in the PEP Talk. I completed the Core Course on October 9, 2021.
From October 23, 2021 onwards, I have been tackling Health Disorder and Health Issue Courses. May 17, 2025 marks the start of YEAR 5 of ROJoson PEP Talk. How long the PEP Talk will last will depend on our enthusiasm, discipline and perseverance.
What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. My PEP TALK today is entitled: What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
Contents • What / who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? • What are the usual practices of GENERAL SURGEONS in the urbanized places in the Philippines? In less urbanized places? • What are the newer developments in GENERAL SURGERY? • What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY / GENERAL SURGEON? • When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? • My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 Disclaimer: ROJoson PEP Talk contains ROJoson’s Thoughts, Perceptions, Opinions and Recommendations (TPORs) culled from experiences of ROJoson and writings of other health professionals. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What / who is a general surgeon in the Philippines? • A GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines is an officially Philippine Board of Medicine certified physician (this is the first requirement) who then undergoes training to specialize in a specialty called “GENERAL SURGERY.” Notes: • Philippine Board of Medicine is under the Philippine Professional Regulation Commission. • To be certified as a physician in the Philippines, one must pass the Philippine Physician Licensure Examination. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What / who is a general surgeon in the Philippines? • In the Philippines, currently, the Philippine Society of General Surgeons (PSGS) is the official society overseeing the curriculum and the 5-year training programs of “GENERAL SURGERY” all over the Philippines. • Currently also, the Philippine Board of Surgery (PBS) is the official body certifying the qualifications of the graduates of the GENERAL SURGERY training programs. The qualified graduates are given the title of “DIPLOMATE of the PHILIPPINE BOARD OF SURGERY.” What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What / who is a general surgeon in the Philippines? • To be qualified to be certified as a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines, the general surgeon-to-be must undergo and satisfactorily complete the 5-year GENERAL SURGERY training program in a hospital accredited by the PSGS and then pass the certifying examinations of the PBS. • To be a Diplomate of PBS, the minimum time period (inclusive of training and certifying examinations) is about six (6) years. • From MD to GENERAL SURGEON, the minimum time period (MD – 7 to 9 years + GENERAL SURGERY – 6 years ) is about 13 to 15 years. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
DEFINITION OF GENERAL SURGERY The Philippine Society of General Surgeons, Inc. defines General Surgery as requiring: - A basic knowledge of surgical anatomy, physiology, pathology, oncology, metabolism, wound healing, surgical bacteriology and sepsis, shock and resuscitation, immunology and organ transplantation, fluid and electrolytes, nutrition, burns and critical care. - A sound understanding of the principles of radiology, ultrasonography, CT scan, MRI, and other diagnostic aids including the use of radioactive isotopes and mammography. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
DEFINITION OF GENERAL SURGERY The Philippine Society of General Surgeons, Inc. defines General Surgery as requiring: - An adequate practical experience in proctosigmoidoscopy and indirect laryngoscopy. The general surgeon must have participated in a variety of endoscopic examinations such as direct laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy, gastroscopy, choledochoscopy, colonoscopy and laparoscopy. - A comprehensive skill in diagnosis, preoperative, operative and postoperative care of patients with diseases of the a)alimentary tract, b) abdomen and its contents, c) the head and neck, d) breast, e)the vascular system, f) the endocrine system and g) skin and soft tissues. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
DEFINITION OF GENERAL SURGERY The Philippine Society of General Surgeons, Inc. defines General Surgery as requiring: - Adequate knowledge and skill in all phases of care of the injured patient, including care provided in the Emergency Room and Intensive Care Unit. The general surgeon must show competence in the emergency management of trauma, including trauma to the head and neck, chest, abdomen and the extremities. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
DEFINITION OF GENERAL SURGERY The Philippine Society of General Surgeons, Inc. defines General Surgery as requiring: - An appropriate clinical experience to include operative and nonoperative care of common problems in the special disciplines of thoracic and cardiovascular, gynecologic, neurologic, orthopedic, plastic, pediatric and urologic surgery and anesthesiology, acquired by exposure in these disciplines. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
In terms of what surgeries or operations are being done by graduates of general surgery training programs or general surgeons, as stipulated in the definition by the Philippine Society of General Surgeons, their primary specialties are in the following areas: - Alimentary tract - Abdomen and its contents - Head and neck - Breast - Vascular system - Endocrine system - Skin and soft tissue - Emergency management of trauma - Surgical intensive care What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
In terms of what surgeries or operations are being done by graduates of general surgery training programs or general surgeons, as stipulated in the definition by the Philippine Society of General Surgeons, their primary specialties are in the following areas: Thus, the primary surgical specialties (multiples organs and systems) of general surgeons are: a) alimentary tract, b) abdomen and its contents, c) the head and neck, d) breast, e) the vascular system, f) the endocrine system and g) skin and soft tissues. Additional specialties: emergency management of trauma and surgical intensive care. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
In terms of what surgeries or operations are being done by graduates of general surgery training programs or general surgeons, as stipulated in the definition by the Philippine Society of General Surgeons, their primary specialties are in the following areas: The secondary surgical specialties of general surgeons are (acquired by exposure): thoracic and cardiovascular, gynecologic, neurologic, orthopedic, plastic, pediatric and urologic surgery and anesthesiology. [Usually general surgeons do these only in community where they are no specialists in thoracic and cardiovascular, gynecologic, neurologic, orthopedic, plastic, pediatric, and urologic surgery and anesthesiology; and they have prior experience because of their exposure during their training; and on an emergency basis. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What is a general surgeon in the urbanized places in the Philippines? In less urbanized places? In an urban community, nowadays, where there are already a lot of surgical specialists and surgical subspecialists, the general surgeons usually are confined to the following: a) head and neck inclusive of thyroid; 2) breast; 3) abdomen and its contents inclusive of the alimentary or gastrointestinal tract); and 4) skin and soft tissues. However, in less urbanized community, the general surgeons handle a wide range of cases. They can be called “surgical all-rounders” – they are qualified to be all-rounders because of their vast range of training and exposure to all sorts of surgical conditions and surgical specialties. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
Newer developments in GENERAL SURGERY: Different subspecialties of general surgery are now being developed such as head and neck surgery; breast surgery; colorectal surgery; hepatobiliary surgery; trauma surgery; surgical oncology; etc. (additional years after 5 years of GS) Thus, there are: • General Surgery – Head and Neck Surgery or Surgical Oncology • General Surgery – Surgical Oncology • General Surgery – Breast Surgery or Oncoplastic Breast Surgery • General Surgery – Colorectal Surgery • General Surgery – Hepatobiliary Surgery • General Surgery – Minimally Invasive Surgery • General Surgery – Trauma Surgery What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 1) GENERAL SURGERY is a specialty by itself. It has the same standing / categorization as other known specialties: Internal Medicine / Pediatrics / Obstetrics and Gynecology / Opththalmology / Otorhinolaryngology / Radiology / etc. Urology / Neurosurgery / Thoracocardiovascular Surgery / Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery / Orthopedic Surgery / etc. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 2) Different subspecialties in general surgery are now being developed such as head and neck surgery; breast surgery; colorectal surgery; hepatobiliary surgery; trauma surgery; surgical oncology; etc. Thus, there are: • General Surgery – Head and Neck Surgery or Surgical Oncology • General Surgery – Surgical Oncology • General Surgery – Breast Surgery or Oncoplastic Breast Surgery • General Surgery – Colorectal Surgery • General Surgery – Hepatobiliary Surgery • General Surgery – Minimally Invasive Surgery • General Surgery – Trauma Surgery What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: It has the same subspecialization categorization as other known specialties: Example: Internal Medicine - Cardiology / Pulmonology / Dermatology / Medical Oncology / Neurology / etc. GENERAL SURGERY – Head and Neck Surgery / Breast Surgery / Colorectal Surgery / Hepatobiliary Surgery / Trauma Surgery / etc. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 3) The practice of GENERAL SURGERY may vary in “intensity” depending on location of practice of the GENERAL SURGEONS and their wishes. In the urban community nowadays, the GENERAL SURGEONS usually do operations on the following organs and regions: a) head and neck inclusive of thyroid; 2) breast; 3) abdomen and its contents inclusive of the alimentary or gastrointestinal tract); and 4) skin and soft tissues. In the less urban community, the GENERAL SURGEONS can and usually do a wide range of operations as they were trained and exposed because of the limited presence of subspecialists. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 4) There are overlaps with other surgical specialties as well as other specialties. Examples: • Hernia being done by general surgeons and urologists; • Thyroid surgery being done by general surgeons and otorhinolaryngologists; • Endoscopy being done by general surgeons and gastroenterologists; • etc. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 5) GENERAL SURGEONS, considering their training requirements and exposure, are the most well-rounded surgeons who can practically do all types of surgical procedures. This is a reason why the the original descriptive term of “GENERAL” is still maintained. If one is not sure what type of surgeons to approach for any health concerns that are potentially surgical in nature, look for a general surgeon as a starter. The general surgeons will advice you accordingly, whether you need surgery or not and if you need surgery, whether it can be done by a GENERAL SURGEON or not. If not, he / she will refer you to a proper surgical specialist. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What the public should be aware of (GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON): 6) GENERAL SURGEONS have comprehensive training, inclusive of non- surgical treatment of potential surgical diseases. They will assess you first. If you don’t need a surgical treatment, a proper advice will be given. He /she can even institute medical treatment for your medical conditions. NOTE: NOT because he / she is a SURGEON, will he / she operate on all patients all the time without proper assessment and indications and without discussing the options for treatment with the patients. If there is an option for non-surgical treatment, he / she will advise you accordingly. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? You must first know what is a GENERAL SURGEON and what he / she can do to manage your health concern. You must also factor in your location – whether you are in an urbanized or less urbanized community to decide what specific types of GENERAL SURGEON you want to see – whether a GENERAL SURGEON per se or a GENERAL SURGEON with another subspecialty (that is, if there are general surgeons with subspecialties). What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? If you are in the less urbanized community, look for a GENERAL SURGEON. If you have a medical condition or disease that is potentially surgical, that is one that may need operation, and you are not sure of which specific surgeon handles such a case, just see a GENERAL SURGEON. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? If you are in an urbanized community, look for a GENERAL SURGEON with a subspecialty that is related to your specific health concern. Examples: Look for a GENERAL SURGEON – HEAD AND NECK SURGEON , if you have a head and neck concern. Look for a GENERAL SURGEON – BREAST SURGEON, if you have a breast concern. Etc. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? Remember the main fortes of a GENERAL SURGEON: - Head and neck including thyroid - Breast - Abdomen and its contents - Hernia - Skin and soft tissue - Emergency management of trauma - Tumors - Infections What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? General Surgeons are specialists particularly on: • Thyroid disorders • Breast disorders • Esophageal, stomach, intestines, rectum, hemorrhoids disorders • Hernia disorders • Skin and soft tissues disorders
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? Other guidelines when to see a GENERAL SURGEON: 1. URGENT OR EMERGENCY CONDITIONS Seek surgical evaluation when presenting with: • Appendicitis (especially with signs of sepsis or rupture) • Acute or complicated cholecystitis • Intestinal obstruction • Strangulated hernias • Traumatic injuries (e.g., penetrating thoracic / abdominal wounds, compartment syndrome, soft tissue injuries with tendon involvement) What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? 2. ELECTIVE PATHOLOGIES THAT OFTEN REQUIRE SURGERY • Symptomatic hernias, such as inguinal, umbilical, incisional (risk of strangulation) • Gallbladder disease, when medical management fails or symptoms persist • Suspected tumors or masses in the abdomen or soft tissues, which need diagnostic workup or removal What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? 3. HEAD, NECK, BREAST, & SOFT TISSUE DISORDERS Conditions like thyroid masses, breast lumps, or soft tissue tumors benefit from early surgical assessment What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? You should consider consulting a GENERAL SURGEON when: • There's acute surgical risk (e.g., obstructed bowels, ruptured appendix, strangulated hernia) • You suspect a surgically manageable condition (like hernia, gallbladder issues, masses) What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Abdominal Pain: Severe or persistent abdominal pain that doesn't respond to other treatments often indicates a surgical issue. Common causes include appendicitis, gallstones (cholecystitis), and hernias. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Emergency Situations: In cases of trauma, such as car accidents or stab wounds, a general surgeon is often the first specialist called upon to manage injuries to internal organs. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Gastrointestinal Issues: Conditions affecting the digestive system, like intestinal blockages, colon cancer, or severe hemorrhoids, often require surgical intervention. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Lumps and Growths: If you discover a lump in your breast or elsewhere on your body, a general surgeon may be consulted for a biopsy or removal. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Endocrine Conditions: Issues with glands like the thyroid or adrenal glands that require surgery, such as a thyroidectomy, are also managed by a general surgeon. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Pre-Surgical Evaluation: Even if your condition is not a surgical emergency, you may be referred to a general surgeon for an evaluation to determine if surgery is the most appropriate course of action. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 I am a Diplomate of the Philippine Board of Surgery since 1981. I am a certified GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981. I can practice GENERAL SURGERY anywhere in the Philippines. However, my main practice location is in METRO MANILA. I do general surgical missions in the provinces. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 Since 1981, I have managed patients with potential surgical conditions and operations in the following areas: HEAD and NECK – tumors, abscesses, trauma THYROID – tumors, hyper– hypothyroidism BREAST – fibrocystic changes, tumors, infections CHEST – trauma, effusion ABDOMEN – gallbladder, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, intestines – tumor, inflammation / infections, trauma RECTUM – tumors, homorrhoids, fistulas HERNIAS SKIN and SOFT TISSUES – tumors, infections, trauma Others What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 Since 1981, I have managed patients with potential surgical conditions and operations in the following areas: HEAD and NECK – tumors, abscesses, trauma THYROID – tumors, hyper– hypothyroidism BREAST – fibrocystic changes, tumors, infections CHEST – trauma, effusion ABDOMEN – gallbladder, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, intestines – tumor, inflammation / infections, trauma RECTUM – tumors, hemorrhoids, fistulas HERNIAS SKIN and SOFT TISSUES – tumors, infections, trauma Others What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? One can see the EXTENSIVENESS of scope of the specialty of GENERAL SURGERY. SURGICAL ALL- ROUNDER!
My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 Since 1981, I have managed patients with potential surgical conditions and operations in the following areas: HEAD and NECK – tumors, abscesses, trauma THYROID – tumors, hyper– hypothyroidism BREAST – fibrocystic changes, tumors, infections CHEST – trauma, effusion ABDOMEN – gallbladder, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, intestines – tumor, inflammation / infections, trauma RECTUM – tumors, hemorrhoids, fistulas HERNIAS SKIN and SOFT TISSUES – tumors, infections, trauma Others What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? For those needing operations, I operate! For those NOT needing operations, I do not operate but still treat them. As a GENERAL SURGEON, I am a COMPREHENSIVE ALL- AROUND HEALER using NON- OPERATIVE / OPERATIVE MEANS!
Contents • What / who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? • What are the usual practices of GENERAL SURGEONS in the urbanized places in the Philippines? In less urbanized places? • What are the newer developments in GENERAL SURGERY? • What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY / GENERAL SURGEON? • When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? • My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Summary Take Away
Take Away in relation to Patient Empowerment Be always in touch with reliable medical information on What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines. Knowledge is power; it gives power. Use the 4Ks of Patient Empowerment: Kaalaman, Kakayanan, Karapatan and Kapangyarihan to gain greater control over decisions / make better decisions on when to see a GENERAL SURGEON as part of your health management. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. This ends PEP TALK today on: What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
t Reminder after the PEP Talk: Take the Online Learning cum Evaluation Test Exercise (OLETE) for mastery of learning and have a perfect score to get a Certificate. Link is in Chat Box.
Reminder: 25 OLETE Certificates = 1 Voucher for ROJoson Medical Consultation either Face-to-Face or Telemedical.
What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. ROJOSON’S REQUEST: FEEDBACK TO THIS PEP TALK! Pls. type in your feedback in the chat box during the open forum and before we adjourn! Thank you!
What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. LET’S NOW HAVE A GROUP PICTURE TAKING BEFORE WE START Q&A AND INTERACTIONS! Pls. turn on your video! Show your face!

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ROJoson PEP Talk: What / Who is a General Surgeon in the Philippines?

  • 1. August 16, 2025 1400H - 1500H Via Zoom What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management.
  • 2. August 16, 2025 1400H - 1500H Via Zoom What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. Welcome all! MUTE yourself but always show your video picture. Sign in your name, FB account, or email address in the Chat Box! Include names of companions attending. Use the Chat Box to ask questions and make comments while the PEP TALK is on. There will be group pictures at start and end of PEP TALK – show your face in video.
  • 3. t Reminder after the PEP Talk: Take the Online Learning cum Evaluation Test Exercise (OLETE) for mastery of learning and have a perfect score to get a Certificate. Link is in Chat Box.
  • 4. Reminder: 25 OLETE Certificates = 1 Voucher for ROJoson Medical Consultation either Face-to-Face or Telemedical.
  • 5. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. ROJOSON’S REQUEST: FEEDBACK TO THIS PEP TALK! Pls. type in your feedback in the chat box during the open forum and before we adjourn! Thank you!
  • 6. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. LET’S NOW HAVE A GROUP PICTURE TAKING BEFORE WE START PEP TALK PROPER IN 2 MINUTES! Pls. turn on your video! Show your face!
  • 7. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. ROJoson PEP Talk I have a Patient Empowerment Program in which I like to empower the lay people or patients to take control in the management of their health.
  • 8. I started the PEP Talk on May 15, 2021 during the COVID19 Pandemic. There are 3 courses in the PEP Talk. I completed the Core Course on October 9, 2021.
  • 9. From October 23, 2021 onwards, I have been tackling Health Disorder and Health Issue Courses. May 17, 2025 marks the start of YEAR 5 of ROJoson PEP Talk. How long the PEP Talk will last will depend on our enthusiasm, discipline and perseverance.
  • 10. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. My PEP TALK today is entitled: What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 11. Contents • What / who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? • What are the usual practices of GENERAL SURGEONS in the urbanized places in the Philippines? In less urbanized places? • What are the newer developments in GENERAL SURGERY? • What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY / GENERAL SURGEON? • When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? • My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 Disclaimer: ROJoson PEP Talk contains ROJoson’s Thoughts, Perceptions, Opinions and Recommendations (TPORs) culled from experiences of ROJoson and writings of other health professionals. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 12. What / who is a general surgeon in the Philippines? • A GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines is an officially Philippine Board of Medicine certified physician (this is the first requirement) who then undergoes training to specialize in a specialty called “GENERAL SURGERY.” Notes: • Philippine Board of Medicine is under the Philippine Professional Regulation Commission. • To be certified as a physician in the Philippines, one must pass the Philippine Physician Licensure Examination. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 13. What / who is a general surgeon in the Philippines? • In the Philippines, currently, the Philippine Society of General Surgeons (PSGS) is the official society overseeing the curriculum and the 5-year training programs of “GENERAL SURGERY” all over the Philippines. • Currently also, the Philippine Board of Surgery (PBS) is the official body certifying the qualifications of the graduates of the GENERAL SURGERY training programs. The qualified graduates are given the title of “DIPLOMATE of the PHILIPPINE BOARD OF SURGERY.” What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 14. What / who is a general surgeon in the Philippines? • To be qualified to be certified as a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines, the general surgeon-to-be must undergo and satisfactorily complete the 5-year GENERAL SURGERY training program in a hospital accredited by the PSGS and then pass the certifying examinations of the PBS. • To be a Diplomate of PBS, the minimum time period (inclusive of training and certifying examinations) is about six (6) years. • From MD to GENERAL SURGEON, the minimum time period (MD – 7 to 9 years + GENERAL SURGERY – 6 years ) is about 13 to 15 years. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 15. DEFINITION OF GENERAL SURGERY The Philippine Society of General Surgeons, Inc. defines General Surgery as requiring: - A basic knowledge of surgical anatomy, physiology, pathology, oncology, metabolism, wound healing, surgical bacteriology and sepsis, shock and resuscitation, immunology and organ transplantation, fluid and electrolytes, nutrition, burns and critical care. - A sound understanding of the principles of radiology, ultrasonography, CT scan, MRI, and other diagnostic aids including the use of radioactive isotopes and mammography. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 16. DEFINITION OF GENERAL SURGERY The Philippine Society of General Surgeons, Inc. defines General Surgery as requiring: - An adequate practical experience in proctosigmoidoscopy and indirect laryngoscopy. The general surgeon must have participated in a variety of endoscopic examinations such as direct laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy, gastroscopy, choledochoscopy, colonoscopy and laparoscopy. - A comprehensive skill in diagnosis, preoperative, operative and postoperative care of patients with diseases of the a)alimentary tract, b) abdomen and its contents, c) the head and neck, d) breast, e)the vascular system, f) the endocrine system and g) skin and soft tissues. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 17. DEFINITION OF GENERAL SURGERY The Philippine Society of General Surgeons, Inc. defines General Surgery as requiring: - Adequate knowledge and skill in all phases of care of the injured patient, including care provided in the Emergency Room and Intensive Care Unit. The general surgeon must show competence in the emergency management of trauma, including trauma to the head and neck, chest, abdomen and the extremities. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 18. DEFINITION OF GENERAL SURGERY The Philippine Society of General Surgeons, Inc. defines General Surgery as requiring: - An appropriate clinical experience to include operative and nonoperative care of common problems in the special disciplines of thoracic and cardiovascular, gynecologic, neurologic, orthopedic, plastic, pediatric and urologic surgery and anesthesiology, acquired by exposure in these disciplines. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 19. In terms of what surgeries or operations are being done by graduates of general surgery training programs or general surgeons, as stipulated in the definition by the Philippine Society of General Surgeons, their primary specialties are in the following areas: - Alimentary tract - Abdomen and its contents - Head and neck - Breast - Vascular system - Endocrine system - Skin and soft tissue - Emergency management of trauma - Surgical intensive care What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 20. In terms of what surgeries or operations are being done by graduates of general surgery training programs or general surgeons, as stipulated in the definition by the Philippine Society of General Surgeons, their primary specialties are in the following areas: Thus, the primary surgical specialties (multiples organs and systems) of general surgeons are: a) alimentary tract, b) abdomen and its contents, c) the head and neck, d) breast, e) the vascular system, f) the endocrine system and g) skin and soft tissues. Additional specialties: emergency management of trauma and surgical intensive care. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 21. In terms of what surgeries or operations are being done by graduates of general surgery training programs or general surgeons, as stipulated in the definition by the Philippine Society of General Surgeons, their primary specialties are in the following areas: The secondary surgical specialties of general surgeons are (acquired by exposure): thoracic and cardiovascular, gynecologic, neurologic, orthopedic, plastic, pediatric and urologic surgery and anesthesiology. [Usually general surgeons do these only in community where they are no specialists in thoracic and cardiovascular, gynecologic, neurologic, orthopedic, plastic, pediatric, and urologic surgery and anesthesiology; and they have prior experience because of their exposure during their training; and on an emergency basis. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 22. What is a general surgeon in the urbanized places in the Philippines? In less urbanized places? In an urban community, nowadays, where there are already a lot of surgical specialists and surgical subspecialists, the general surgeons usually are confined to the following: a) head and neck inclusive of thyroid; 2) breast; 3) abdomen and its contents inclusive of the alimentary or gastrointestinal tract); and 4) skin and soft tissues. However, in less urbanized community, the general surgeons handle a wide range of cases. They can be called “surgical all-rounders” – they are qualified to be all-rounders because of their vast range of training and exposure to all sorts of surgical conditions and surgical specialties. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 23. Newer developments in GENERAL SURGERY: Different subspecialties of general surgery are now being developed such as head and neck surgery; breast surgery; colorectal surgery; hepatobiliary surgery; trauma surgery; surgical oncology; etc. (additional years after 5 years of GS) Thus, there are: • General Surgery – Head and Neck Surgery or Surgical Oncology • General Surgery – Surgical Oncology • General Surgery – Breast Surgery or Oncoplastic Breast Surgery • General Surgery – Colorectal Surgery • General Surgery – Hepatobiliary Surgery • General Surgery – Minimally Invasive Surgery • General Surgery – Trauma Surgery What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 24. What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 1) GENERAL SURGERY is a specialty by itself. It has the same standing / categorization as other known specialties: Internal Medicine / Pediatrics / Obstetrics and Gynecology / Opththalmology / Otorhinolaryngology / Radiology / etc. Urology / Neurosurgery / Thoracocardiovascular Surgery / Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery / Orthopedic Surgery / etc. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 25. What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 2) Different subspecialties in general surgery are now being developed such as head and neck surgery; breast surgery; colorectal surgery; hepatobiliary surgery; trauma surgery; surgical oncology; etc. Thus, there are: • General Surgery – Head and Neck Surgery or Surgical Oncology • General Surgery – Surgical Oncology • General Surgery – Breast Surgery or Oncoplastic Breast Surgery • General Surgery – Colorectal Surgery • General Surgery – Hepatobiliary Surgery • General Surgery – Minimally Invasive Surgery • General Surgery – Trauma Surgery What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 26. What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: It has the same subspecialization categorization as other known specialties: Example: Internal Medicine - Cardiology / Pulmonology / Dermatology / Medical Oncology / Neurology / etc. GENERAL SURGERY – Head and Neck Surgery / Breast Surgery / Colorectal Surgery / Hepatobiliary Surgery / Trauma Surgery / etc. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 27. What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 3) The practice of GENERAL SURGERY may vary in “intensity” depending on location of practice of the GENERAL SURGEONS and their wishes. In the urban community nowadays, the GENERAL SURGEONS usually do operations on the following organs and regions: a) head and neck inclusive of thyroid; 2) breast; 3) abdomen and its contents inclusive of the alimentary or gastrointestinal tract); and 4) skin and soft tissues. In the less urban community, the GENERAL SURGEONS can and usually do a wide range of operations as they were trained and exposed because of the limited presence of subspecialists. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 28. What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 4) There are overlaps with other surgical specialties as well as other specialties. Examples: • Hernia being done by general surgeons and urologists; • Thyroid surgery being done by general surgeons and otorhinolaryngologists; • Endoscopy being done by general surgeons and gastroenterologists; • etc. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 29. What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON: 5) GENERAL SURGEONS, considering their training requirements and exposure, are the most well-rounded surgeons who can practically do all types of surgical procedures. This is a reason why the the original descriptive term of “GENERAL” is still maintained. If one is not sure what type of surgeons to approach for any health concerns that are potentially surgical in nature, look for a general surgeon as a starter. The general surgeons will advice you accordingly, whether you need surgery or not and if you need surgery, whether it can be done by a GENERAL SURGEON or not. If not, he / she will refer you to a proper surgical specialist. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 30. What the public should be aware of (GENERAL SURGERY and GENERAL SURGEON): 6) GENERAL SURGEONS have comprehensive training, inclusive of non- surgical treatment of potential surgical diseases. They will assess you first. If you don’t need a surgical treatment, a proper advice will be given. He /she can even institute medical treatment for your medical conditions. NOTE: NOT because he / she is a SURGEON, will he / she operate on all patients all the time without proper assessment and indications and without discussing the options for treatment with the patients. If there is an option for non-surgical treatment, he / she will advise you accordingly. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 31. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? You must first know what is a GENERAL SURGEON and what he / she can do to manage your health concern. You must also factor in your location – whether you are in an urbanized or less urbanized community to decide what specific types of GENERAL SURGEON you want to see – whether a GENERAL SURGEON per se or a GENERAL SURGEON with another subspecialty (that is, if there are general surgeons with subspecialties). What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 32. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? If you are in the less urbanized community, look for a GENERAL SURGEON. If you have a medical condition or disease that is potentially surgical, that is one that may need operation, and you are not sure of which specific surgeon handles such a case, just see a GENERAL SURGEON. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 33. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? If you are in an urbanized community, look for a GENERAL SURGEON with a subspecialty that is related to your specific health concern. Examples: Look for a GENERAL SURGEON – HEAD AND NECK SURGEON , if you have a head and neck concern. Look for a GENERAL SURGEON – BREAST SURGEON, if you have a breast concern. Etc. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 34. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? Remember the main fortes of a GENERAL SURGEON: - Head and neck including thyroid - Breast - Abdomen and its contents - Hernia - Skin and soft tissue - Emergency management of trauma - Tumors - Infections What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? General Surgeons are specialists particularly on: • Thyroid disorders • Breast disorders • Esophageal, stomach, intestines, rectum, hemorrhoids disorders • Hernia disorders • Skin and soft tissues disorders
  • 35. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? Other guidelines when to see a GENERAL SURGEON: 1. URGENT OR EMERGENCY CONDITIONS Seek surgical evaluation when presenting with: • Appendicitis (especially with signs of sepsis or rupture) • Acute or complicated cholecystitis • Intestinal obstruction • Strangulated hernias • Traumatic injuries (e.g., penetrating thoracic / abdominal wounds, compartment syndrome, soft tissue injuries with tendon involvement) What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 36. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? 2. ELECTIVE PATHOLOGIES THAT OFTEN REQUIRE SURGERY • Symptomatic hernias, such as inguinal, umbilical, incisional (risk of strangulation) • Gallbladder disease, when medical management fails or symptoms persist • Suspected tumors or masses in the abdomen or soft tissues, which need diagnostic workup or removal What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 37. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? 3. HEAD, NECK, BREAST, & SOFT TISSUE DISORDERS Conditions like thyroid masses, breast lumps, or soft tissue tumors benefit from early surgical assessment What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 38. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? You should consider consulting a GENERAL SURGEON when: • There's acute surgical risk (e.g., obstructed bowels, ruptured appendix, strangulated hernia) • You suspect a surgically manageable condition (like hernia, gallbladder issues, masses) What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 39. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Abdominal Pain: Severe or persistent abdominal pain that doesn't respond to other treatments often indicates a surgical issue. Common causes include appendicitis, gallstones (cholecystitis), and hernias. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 40. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Emergency Situations: In cases of trauma, such as car accidents or stab wounds, a general surgeon is often the first specialist called upon to manage injuries to internal organs. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 41. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Gastrointestinal Issues: Conditions affecting the digestive system, like intestinal blockages, colon cancer, or severe hemorrhoids, often require surgical intervention. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 42. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Lumps and Growths: If you discover a lump in your breast or elsewhere on your body, a general surgeon may be consulted for a biopsy or removal. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 43. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Endocrine Conditions: Issues with glands like the thyroid or adrenal glands that require surgery, such as a thyroidectomy, are also managed by a general surgeon. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 44. When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? •Pre-Surgical Evaluation: Even if your condition is not a surgical emergency, you may be referred to a general surgeon for an evaluation to determine if surgery is the most appropriate course of action. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 45. My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 I am a Diplomate of the Philippine Board of Surgery since 1981. I am a certified GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981. I can practice GENERAL SURGERY anywhere in the Philippines. However, my main practice location is in METRO MANILA. I do general surgical missions in the provinces. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 46. My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 Since 1981, I have managed patients with potential surgical conditions and operations in the following areas: HEAD and NECK – tumors, abscesses, trauma THYROID – tumors, hyper– hypothyroidism BREAST – fibrocystic changes, tumors, infections CHEST – trauma, effusion ABDOMEN – gallbladder, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, intestines – tumor, inflammation / infections, trauma RECTUM – tumors, homorrhoids, fistulas HERNIAS SKIN and SOFT TISSUES – tumors, infections, trauma Others What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 47. My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 Since 1981, I have managed patients with potential surgical conditions and operations in the following areas: HEAD and NECK – tumors, abscesses, trauma THYROID – tumors, hyper– hypothyroidism BREAST – fibrocystic changes, tumors, infections CHEST – trauma, effusion ABDOMEN – gallbladder, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, intestines – tumor, inflammation / infections, trauma RECTUM – tumors, hemorrhoids, fistulas HERNIAS SKIN and SOFT TISSUES – tumors, infections, trauma Others What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? One can see the EXTENSIVENESS of scope of the specialty of GENERAL SURGERY. SURGICAL ALL- ROUNDER!
  • 48. My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 Since 1981, I have managed patients with potential surgical conditions and operations in the following areas: HEAD and NECK – tumors, abscesses, trauma THYROID – tumors, hyper– hypothyroidism BREAST – fibrocystic changes, tumors, infections CHEST – trauma, effusion ABDOMEN – gallbladder, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, intestines – tumor, inflammation / infections, trauma RECTUM – tumors, hemorrhoids, fistulas HERNIAS SKIN and SOFT TISSUES – tumors, infections, trauma Others What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? For those needing operations, I operate! For those NOT needing operations, I do not operate but still treat them. As a GENERAL SURGEON, I am a COMPREHENSIVE ALL- AROUND HEALER using NON- OPERATIVE / OPERATIVE MEANS!
  • 49. Contents • What / who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? • What are the usual practices of GENERAL SURGEONS in the urbanized places in the Philippines? In less urbanized places? • What are the newer developments in GENERAL SURGERY? • What the public should be aware of GENERAL SURGERY / GENERAL SURGEON? • When to see a GENERAL SURGEON? • My being a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines since 1981 What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Summary Take Away
  • 50. Take Away in relation to Patient Empowerment Be always in touch with reliable medical information on What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines. Knowledge is power; it gives power. Use the 4Ks of Patient Empowerment: Kaalaman, Kakayanan, Karapatan and Kapangyarihan to gain greater control over decisions / make better decisions on when to see a GENERAL SURGEON as part of your health management. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 51. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. This ends PEP TALK today on: What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines?
  • 52. t Reminder after the PEP Talk: Take the Online Learning cum Evaluation Test Exercise (OLETE) for mastery of learning and have a perfect score to get a Certificate. Link is in Chat Box.
  • 53. Reminder: 25 OLETE Certificates = 1 Voucher for ROJoson Medical Consultation either Face-to-Face or Telemedical.
  • 54. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. ROJOSON’S REQUEST: FEEDBACK TO THIS PEP TALK! Pls. type in your feedback in the chat box during the open forum and before we adjourn! Thank you!
  • 55. What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines? Empowerment objective - for laypeople to have an essential understanding on “What / Who is a GENERAL SURGEON in the Philippines” as part of their health management. LET’S NOW HAVE A GROUP PICTURE TAKING BEFORE WE START Q&A AND INTERACTIONS! Pls. turn on your video! Show your face!