Role of libraries in accelerating research
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Academic libraries play an important role in supporting research in three key areas: 1. They facilitate literature searches through discovery services, subject databases, and remote access to subscribed resources. They also guide researchers on open access publishing and predatory journals. 2. They provide information literacy instruction and reference services to help researchers effectively find and evaluate information. 3. They assist researchers in managing their research profiles and outputs to increase visibility and track citations. This includes guidance on ORCID, Google Scholar, and Scopus profiles as well as publishing and citation metrics.
![H Index
• An index to quantify an individual’s scientific research
output. J.E. Hirsch
• The h-index is based on the set of a researcher’s most
cited papers and the number of citations that the
researcher has received in other people's publications
• “A scientist has index h if h of [his/her] Np papers have at
least h citations each, and the other (Np − h) papers have
at most h citations each.”
• variants of h-index
• g-index
• a-index
• and more…](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/roleoflibrariesinaccelaratingresearch-200502135200/85/Role-of-libraries-in-accelerating-research-44-320.jpg)
![Calculating
H-Index
Article # - Times Cited
• 1-----87
• 2-----70
• 3-----46
• 5-----19
• 6-----15
• 7-----10
• 8 ---- 9
• 9 ---- 8
• 10--- 6
• 11---- 4
• 12---- 1
8 articles have been cited at
least 8 or more times and the
remaining articles have been
cited 8 or less
A scientist has index h if h of
[his/her] Np papers have at
least h citations each, and the
other (Np − h) papers have at
most h citations each](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/roleoflibrariesinaccelaratingresearch-200502135200/85/Role-of-libraries-in-accelerating-research-45-320.jpg)
Role of libraries in accelerating research
- 1. Role of academic libraries in accelerating research Nikesh Narayanan Asst Prof & IT Librarian, Zayed University, Dubai
- 2. Academic library services- in a nutshell • Serves two complementary purposes: • To support the curriculum • To support the research • Collection Development • Academic libraries have transformed in the 21st century • To focus more on information access and digital resources (born digital & gone digital) • Less on physical collection development (print books, print journals and other print resources) • Access to subscription-based online resources (e-databases, e-books, e-journals, e-theses, e- data) • Space for students to work and study • Groups or individually on "silent floors,“ • How to access and how to use Information (In person & virtual) • Information literacy • Reference services (In person & virtual)
- 3. How libraries can help researchers Facilitating Literature Search Information Literacy and Reference services Guiding researchers in publishing Guiding in Managing Research Profiles Facilitating and training in citation tools Roles in Research Data Management
- 5. Facilitating modern Search platforms • Web-Scale Discovery search • All-in-one search • Need to know which resources are indexed in EDS and which are not. • Search strategy, advanced search, refine your search result • Google Scholar • Library links on Google Scholar • General Abstract and Index databases • Examples : SCOPUS, Web of Science
- 6. Specific search engines Types of Literature Where can you search Research Data Google Dataset Search, Harvard Dataverse, Mendeley Data Dissertations or Theses PQDT, NDLTD Global search, OpenDOAR Patents US Patent full-text databases , Google patents , Canadian Patents Database, Other international patent offices, WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
- 7. Remote Access Locally installed solutions • EZproxy • Other proxy services • Shibboleth (open source federated access)- Example – INFED of INFLIBNET Cloud based Services • Open Athens through EBSCO • EZproxy on cloud • Remote XS • Muse proxy
- 8. Google Scholar Campus Activated Subscriber Access (CASA) Google Scholar CASA : It is an authentication enhancement that allows individuals access to their institution’s licensed content off-campus through Google Scholar. The pre- requisite is that the publisher should be a participating member of this program. How Does CASA Work? • If a user is connected to their institutions' on-campus network and visits Google Scholar, Google will automatically create an affiliation between that user and their school. • This affiliation creates a seamless authentication flow between Google Scholar and publishers’ Databases enabling them to access publishers’ content off-campus. • The number of days depends on the publisher settings. Normally it is 30 days
- 9. Google Scholar Library links • Library links are article-level links to subscription full text for patrons affiliated with a library. • This program works best for electronic resources, such as journal and conference articles. • To sign up, library needs an OpenURL- compatible link resolver, such as 360 Link from Serials Solutions, Full-text finder from from EBSCO • Contact the vendor of your link resolver to get included in Google Scholar.
- 10. • Go to Google Scholar click the three horizontal bars in the corner to view the menu. Click on that. • Click on settings • Click on Library Links • Search for Your University • Check the box " Zayed University Library – “Full-Text@ZU” How can I connect Google Scholar to the library's resources?
- 11. Library links on Google Scholar result page
- 12. Open access resources • Configure the Open Access Resources in Discovery search • Popularize OA resources.
- 13. Open access sources- Books • Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) • Open Access Publishing in European Networks (OAPEN) • Open Book Publishers • SpringerOpen Books • Taylor & Francis Books Open Access • Open Humanities Press: Books • Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) • Gallica: The French National Library Online • HathiTrust • Internet Archive • LibriVox • Open Culture: eBooks • Project Gutenburg
- 14. Open access sources- Journals • BioMed Central (BMC) • Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) • Elsevier Open Access Journals • Hindawi (Publishing Open Access Research Papers and Journals) • Open Biology • Open Humanities Press (OHP): Journals • Open Library of the Humanities • Public Library of Science (PLoS) • Royal Society Open Science • SpringerOpen • PubMed • Taylor & Francis Online: Open journals • Wiley Open Access
- 15. Open access sources- Repositories • CORE • Directory of Open Access Repositories • EBSCO Open Dissertations • E-Theses Online Service (EThOS) • Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) • Open Access Theses and Dissertations (OATD) • ProQuest Dissertations & Theses-open • Theses Canada • Thesis Commons • Shodhganga
- 16. Information Literacy and Reference services
- 17. Information Literacy Information literacy empowers people in all walks of life to seek, evaluate, use and create information effectively to achieve their personal, social, occupational and educational goals. - Provide IL classes - IL classes based on curriculum requirements - Workshops to help researchers (Citation Management etc.) - Online tools - Libguides – helps to make useful guides - LIBCAL - Room booking - Event Management - Librarian appointment scheduling
- 18. Reference Management tools • Open access tools • Mendeley (https://zu.libguides.com/Mendeley) • Zotero • Endnote web (Free with Web of Science) • Other tools (Subscription needed) • Refworks • Endnote
- 19. Reference Desk • In-person services • Print sources In-house reference Desk • Online reference sources • LibCchat Online reference and chat tools
- 21. Where to publish Publishing of research findings is crucial to share your findings with others so that they can benefit from the new knowledge you have discovered. It also gives your project findings the opportunity to be critically evaluated, reproduced and thus gains validity. Help researchers to find their best journals for publishing • Is there a peer reviewed process? • What is the quality of the publication? • If a journal---do you know the Impact Factor? • If a journal--how is it perceived within its field? Source : https://zu.libguides.com/c.php?g=125422&p=821079
- 22. Finding good journals to publish How to find and evaluate journals. These tools will help you. • Scimago Journal & Country Rank • Scopus journal list • Web of Science Master Journal List • Elsevier Journal Finder tool • Wiley Journal Finder • Springer Journal Suggester • http://www.sjfinder.com/ • https://www.journalguide.com/ • Journal/Author Name Estimator (JANE)- for Bioscience topics • Cabell's Whitelist - Subscription needed • Journal Citation Reports - Clarivate– Subscription needed • UGC- CARE list (For Indian Scholars)
- 24. Open access publications A paper published via an open access (OA) route means that research literature is free-to-view by anyone in the world via the internet, and to reuse with a attribution under a Creative Commons licence, or equivalent. Three types of OA, • Pure ‘Gold’ OA Publishing - Articles are peer reviewed, selected and formally published and then made available with no subscription pay-walls. • Hybrid journals - This is the practice of making articles published in traditional subscription journals freely available • ‘Green’ Open Access Archiving - This relates to the practice of archiving a version of the article somewhere other than the publisher’s website where the final version of the article is hosted.
- 25. Open Access Article publishing charges & Institutional agreements • Authors may need to pay Article Publishing Cost to (APC) to the publisher in most of the cases. • Some Universities have institutional agreement with publishers to pay the APC. • There are various models of Institutional agreements. • I am not sure the status in India. University research office or University library can take the initiatives for open access agreements.
- 26. Open access journals • List of Open Access Publications Indexed by Scopus • Web of Science Master Journal List (Filter option for open access journals) • https://www.enago.com/academy/journal- finder/ (certified by DOAJ) • Scimago open access list
- 27. Predatory journals A predatory publisher is an opportunistic publishing venue that exploits the academic need to publish but offers little reward for those using their services. Their primary goal is to make money (i.e. there will be fees). There is no or fake peer review process They do not care about the quality of the work published (i.e. no or little editing or peer-review). They make false claims or promises (i.e. claims of impact factors and indexing). They engage in unethical business practices (i.e. not as advertised). They fail to follow accepted standards or best practices of scholarly publishing (various). Source: https://instr.iastate.libguides.com/predatory
- 28. Sources to identify predatory journals • Beall's List : • Maintained by a librarian Jeffrey Beall on his blog Scholarly Open Access. • Publishing fee but no peer review • Deactivated the list in 2017 – Lawsuits and threat from certain publishers. Some anonymous scholars still publishes the list in the same name https://beallslist.net/ Cabells Directories http://www2.cabells.com/ ( includes Cabells blacklist )
- 29. Author workshops & writing center Libraries should take initiatives to conduct author workshops to help researchers to get familiar with • How to write a manuscript • Submission procedures and publication ethics • Peer review and what it means to an author • Open access publishing Establish a writing center to train users in scientific wiring • To enhance their language skill • Formats of scientific writing Subscribe Grammar checking and plagiarism checking tools
- 30. Guiding in managing Research Profiles
- 31. Research profile will help a researcher Showcases their work to the world Manages publications list Helps to be identified by potential collaborators Helps to avoid misidentification Enables research output to be attributed to your university Tracks citation counts
- 33. WHY IS THERE A PROBLEM? • Name variations: • Matthew J Buys, MJ Buys, M Buys, Matthew John Buys, بايز،ماثيو
- 34. ORCiD is free Register for an ORCiD http://orcid.org/ Registration takes only 30 seconds
- 35. How to add your publications to ORCiD • SCOPUS • WOS • Crossref • Google Scholar • --- and more You can add it from The details are given in https://zu.libguides.com/orcid
- 36. Google Scholar citations • Google Scholar Citations lets authors set up a profile page that lists their publications and citation metrics. • The citation metrics are updated automatically, and you can choose to have your list of publications updated automatically or update them yourself. • You can sign up for a Google Scholar Citations profile: • Sign in to your Google account, or create one if you do not have one. • Go to Google Scholar and click on the My profile link. • Follow the prompts to set up your profile and add your publications. • Review and complete your profile: for example, upload a photo and double check the list of articles. • Ensure you make your profile public if you want other people to be able to view it. • Visit your email inbox and click on the verification link.
- 37. SCOPUS Author ID • A Scopus Author ID is automatically generated the first time one of your publications is indexed in Scopus. • To find your SCOPUS ID, search for your name or one of your indexed publications in SCOPUS and go to your Author Details page, where you will find your SCOPUS ID • Due to variant publishing names Scopus may generate multiple IDs for the same author. Ensure you merge all your IDs to optimize your citation metrics.
- 38. How to merge your SCOPUS ID’s • Click “Edit author profile” and follow the steps
- 39. Publons from WoS • The Publons is a free online system that provides services for researchers to track and share their research impact and contributions. • The information about publications, citation metrics from the Web of Science Core Collection, peer-reviews and journal editing works of one person can be located in one profile. • Through the Publons, a researcher can express his/her interest to be a reviewer for a journal available in the Publons database.To have the Publons profile, registration is required.
- 40. Publons: Mastering peer review • Mastering Peer Review • The Publons Academy provides a free online training course to master peer review skills. The course includes 10 modules. It is free and can be completed anytime and from anywhere. • Opportunities: • Network with expert peer reviewers and editors; • Learning how the peer review process works; • Performing real reviews with mentor's guidance; • Endorsement by a mentor; • Access to the reviews.
- 42. Facilitating and training in Citation Management tools
- 43. Ways to Measure Impact Your Impact based on citations to articles • Comprehensive Resources with Citation Information • Web of Science • Scopus • Google Scholar • Above databases also calculate the h-index Altmetrics - Web 2.0 (Likes, Tweets, Shares) • total-impact.org (now called ImpactStory); CitedIn • Plos, Scopus
- 44. H Index • An index to quantify an individual’s scientific research output. J.E. Hirsch • The h-index is based on the set of a researcher’s most cited papers and the number of citations that the researcher has received in other people's publications • “A scientist has index h if h of [his/her] Np papers have at least h citations each, and the other (Np − h) papers have at most h citations each.” • variants of h-index • g-index • a-index • and more…
- 45. Calculating H-Index Article # - Times Cited • 1-----87 • 2-----70 • 3-----46 • 5-----19 • 6-----15 • 7-----10 • 8 ---- 9 • 9 ---- 8 • 10--- 6 • 11---- 4 • 12---- 1 8 articles have been cited at least 8 or more times and the remaining articles have been cited 8 or less A scientist has index h if h of [his/her] Np papers have at least h citations each, and the other (Np − h) papers have at most h citations each
- 46. Author citation metrics in Web of Science • Citation Analysis for a Known Author You have two options for searing an Author. 1. Use Basic Search function and select Author dropdown 2. Use Author search option • Using the Search function, type the name of a known author. • On the results page, on the right hand side above the results, click on Create Citation Report to see the citation analysis for the author. • The Create Citation Report option gives the numbers for published items in each year, citations in each year, total citations, average citations per item, and the h-index.
- 48. Author citation metrics in SCOPUS • Click on Author Search. • Type your last name, first name and affiliation and click Search. • Select the names that match your name. • Click on Show Documents to see your publications and how they were cited in Scopus. • Click on Select All and then View Citation Overview. • You will see your H-Index. • Scopus only calculates citations received since 1996
- 51. What are research data ? ALL MANNER OF THINGS PRODUCED IN THE COURSE OF RESEARCH
- 52. What is Research Data Data that are collected, observed, or created, for purposes of analysis to produce original research results.
- 53. Types of Research data Instrument measurements Experimental observations Still images, video and audio Text documents, spreadsheets, databases Quantitative data (e.g. household survey data) Survey results & interview transcripts Simulation data, models & software Slides, artefacts, specimens, samples Sketches, diaries, lab notebooks …
- 54. What is Research Data Management It covers the planning, collecting, organizing, managing, storage, security, backing up, preserving, and sharing your data and ensures that research data are managed according to legal, statutory, ethical and funding body requirements. (Whyte, A. & Tedds, J., 2011).
- 55. Why manage research data • Ensuring research integrity and reproducibility • Increasing your research efficiency • Ensuring research data and records are accurate, complete, authentic and reliable • Saving time and resources in the long run • Enhancing data security and minimizing the risk of data loss • Preventing duplication of effort by enabling others to use your data • Meeting funding body grant requirements (if applicable)
- 56. What is involved in RDM Data Management Planning Creating data Documenting data Accessing / using data Storage and backup Sharing data
- 57. Research Data Management- Life cycle
- 58. FAIR principle
- 59. Research data management- stages
- 60. Data Management Plan (DMP) • A data management plan (DMP) contains all the information related to managing the data for your project: what data, stored where by whom, how it is looked after and when it is made public. • A researcher needs to make the plan in compliance with funders and Institutional requirements • There are various tools and best practices guides to help in this process
- 61. Funding Agency requirements- Examples
- 62. DMP- Common questions Description of data to be collected / created (i.e. content, type, format, volume...) Standards / methodologies for data collection & management Ethics and Intellectual Property (highlight any restrictions on data sharing e.g. embargoes, confidentiality) Plans for data sharing and access (i.e. how, when, to whom) Strategy for long-term preservation
- 63. DMP tools • DMP Tool (https://dmptool.org/) is a free, open-source, online application service of the University of California Curation Center of the California Digital Library.It helps researchers to create data management plans. • DMP oline https://dmponline.dcc.ac.uk/ by The University of Edinburgh • RDM Plan Template - University of Melbourne, Australia
- 64. How DMP tools help researchers Variety of plans based on funder/institutional requirements DMP Templates DMP Guidelines
- 65. Best practices in Research Data Management • File organization & Formats • Metadata • Deal with sensitive data • Data sharing • Data citation
- 66. Guidelines for choosing formats • When selecting file formats for archiving, the formats should ideally be: • Non-proprietary • Unencrypted • Uncompressed • In common usage by the research community • Interoperable among diverse platforms and applications • Fully published and available royalty-free • Fully and independently implementable by multiple software providers on multiple platforms without any intellectual property restrictions for necessary technology • Developed and maintained by an open standards organization with a well-defined inclusive process for evolution of the standard. Ref: Stanford library
- 67. Some preferred file formats Containers: TAR, GZIP, ZIP Databases: XML, CSV Geospatial: SHP, DBF, GeoTIFF, NetCDF Moving images: MOV, MPEG, AVI, MXF Sounds: WAVE, AIFF, MP3, MXF Statistics: ASCII, DTA, POR, SAS, SAV Still images: TIFF, JPEG 2000, PDF, PNG, GIF, BMP Tabular data: CSV Text: XML, PDF/A, HTML, ASCII, UTF-8 Web archive: WAR
- 68. These sites provide a detailed discussion of file formats ANDS File formats ANDS File format guide Stanford Libraries Best practice for file formats University of Leicester File formats and software
- 69. Metadata • What is Metadata Metadata is defined as "structured information that describes, explains, locates, or otherwise makes it easier to retrieve, use, or manage an information resource. Metadata is often called data about data or information about information. Metadata Type Example Properties Descriptive metadata Common fields which help users to discover online sources through searching and browsing Title Author Subject Genre Publication date Technical metadata Fields which describe the information required to access the data File type File size Creation date/time Compression scheme Metadata standards/schemas may vary from discipline to discipline. Dublin Core is one of the most commonly-used generic metadata standards.
- 70. Discipline specific metadata- Examples • Agricultural Metadata Element Set (AgMES) • Astronomy Visualization Metadata Standard (AVMS) • Access to Biological Collection Data (ABCD) • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Learning Object Metadata (LOM) standard: • More examples are available in Texas Tech University https://guides.library.ttu.edu/c.php?g=765394&p=5697292
- 71. Sensitive data Sensitive data can be information that is protected against unwarranted disclosure. It can include but not limited to personal data, proprietary data and other restricted or confidential Data that should be protected from unauthorised access. Sharing Sensitive Information- Important points • Including provision for data sharing when gaining informed consent • Protecting people's identities by anonymising data where needed • Considering controlling access to data • Applying an appropriate licence
- 72. Data Sharing • Avoid duplication • Scientific integrity • More collaboration • Better research • Increased citation BENEFITS • Public expectations • Government agenda • Institutional agenda DRIVERS
- 73. Data sharing Important points • Institutional Policies: • Funder Policies: Researchers should be aware of any funder policies that may stipulate the ways and restrictions on data dissemination and sharing. • Research Collaboration Agreement: Researchers should come to an agreement on how, when, and by whom the data will be accessed, used and disseminated in the future if appropriate. • Usage of Extant Proprietary Data: Researchers should seek permission from the data owner or producer prior to the sharing the original or derived data if appropriate. • Re-use of Others’ Data: If the research data was not previously collected by you, instead of sharing the research data, researchers should give credit to the data producers with a proper data citation.
- 74. Data repositories - Directories • Re3Data: Database of data repositories • Fairsharing.org: Catalogue of databases and related resources • DataCite: Database of datasets and repositories • European Union Open Data Portal: Catalogue of open datasets • Data Citation Index (DCI): Database of datasets (TUoS access through the Library Web of Science page) • EMBL-EBI: Database of repositories and other resources • Google Dataset Search
- 75. Data repositories- general • Harvard Dataverse: by Harvard University • Dryad Digital Repository: A broad life-sciences and medicine repository to house data underlying publications. • Figshare: FigShare provides limited free storage space to hold research data from various disciplines. • Mendeley Data: An open research data repository by Elsevier, where researchers can store and share their research data. • Zenodo: A repository for research outputs from all fields of science. • https://ckan.org/
- 76. Subject specific repositories • Chemistry • Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank • Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) • ChemSpider • ChemSynthesis • Crystallography Open Database • PubChem • Computer Science • CodePlex Archive:. • Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis (CAIDA • GitHub • Launchpad: • SourceForge • Earth and Environmental Science • Climate Change Knowlegde Portal: • National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) • National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) • National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) • Geoscience • Geospatial at Data.gov • Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS) • NASA's Earthdata • National Geospatial Digital Archive (NGDA) • Biology and Life SciencesT • he Cell Image Library • Plant Expression Database (PLEXdb • Universal Protein Resource (UniProt • Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB):. • Humanities • Archaeology Data Service (ADS): • ACultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive (CPANDA) • National Archive of Data on Arts and Culture (NADAC): TextGrid • the Digital Archaeological Record (tDAR) • Open Context • Physics, Astrophysics and Astronomy • HEPData:. • National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) • NIST Atomic Spectra Database • NoMaD Repository • UK Solar System Data Centre (UKSSDC): • Social Sciences • Australian Data Archive • Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR): • Qualitative Data Repository (QDR) • UK Data Archive
- 77. How libraries can engage in RDM defining the institutional strategy developing RDM policy delivering training courses helping researchers to write DMPs advising on data sharing and citation setting up data repositories
- 78. Why should libraries support RDM? existing data and open access leadership roles often run publication repositories have good relationships with researchers proven liaison and negotiation skills knowledge of information management, metadata etc highly relevant skill set
- 79. Possible Library RDM Roles Leading on (institutional) data policy Bringing data into undergraduate research-based learning Teaching data literacy to postgraduate students Developing researcher data awareness Providing advice, e.g. on writing DMPs Explaining the impact of sharing data, and how to cite data Developing and managing access to data collections Documenting what datasets an institution has Promoting data reuse by making known what is available
- 80. Potential Challenges How deep is our understanding of research, especially scientific research and our level of subject knowledge? Translating library practices to research data issues Will researchers look to libraries for this support? Still need to resource and develop infrastructure
- 81. Thank you