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Role of nanoparticles in drug delivery
This document discusses the role of nanoparticles in drug delivery. Nanoparticles can enhance drug delivery by allowing targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs. They interact more efficiently with cells and require lower dosages, reducing side effects. Various types of nanoparticles used for drug delivery include metal-based, lipid-based, and polymer-based nanoparticles. Nanoparticles must be optimally designed to avoid rapid clearance from the body and target delivery to specific sites. Continued improvements in controlled release and targeting will enable safer and more effective therapeutic nanoparticles.
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Introduction to nanoparticles' role in drug delivery and methods like targeted and controlled delivery.
Discusses biological degradation and effective targeting as basic challenges in drug delivery.
Nanoparticles alter drug pharmacokinetics, enhancing cell uptake and treatment effects across various types.
Details on metal, lipid, and polymer-based nanoparticles, highlighting their applications and advantages.
Factors affecting nanoparticle effectiveness include size, charge, and PEGylation for prolonged circulation.
Projection for oral nanoparticle design, improved targeted properties, and effective therapeutic outcomes.
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Role of nanoparticles in drug delivery
- 1. Role of nanoparticlesin drug delivery By K.Gautham Reddy 2011A8PS364G
- 2. Drug delivery Method ofadministering pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect . -Targeted Drug Delivery: Delivering drug to specific site
- 3. Controlled Drug Delivery: Deliveringdrug at predetermined rate
- 4. Basic challenges • Biologicaldegradation • Effective Targeting
- 5. Nanoparticles • The useof nanoparticles allows one to change the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug without changing the active compound.
- 6. Advantages • Enhanced interaction •More efficient uptake by cells • Less dosage and thereby fewer side effects • Suitable encapsulation • Release drugs in controlled manner
- 7. Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery •Metal-based nanoparticles-Au, Ag, Cd-Se, Zn-S etc • Lipid-based nanoparticles-Liposome & Neosome • Polymer-based nanoparticles-Dendrimer, Micelle • Biological nanoparticles-Bovine-albumin serum
- 8. Metal-based Nano particles •AuNPs acting as heat producer featured high conversion efficiency of NIR light to heat. • Used mainly in cancer therapy • Disadvantage: Toxicity
- 9. Lipid based Nanoparticles •A liposome is an artificially-prepared spherical vesicle composed of a lipid bilayer • Advantage: Biodegradable
- 10. Polymer nanoparticles • Carriesdrug through forming drug-polymer complex • Dentrimers : Carries drugs through covalent conjugation • Advantage: Carriers of DNA in gene therapy, proteins, peptides and genes .
- 11. Optimal design ofnanoparticles • Rapid clearance during systemic delivery • Opsonization - nonspecific protein adsorption • Rapid clearance by Mononuclear Phagocyte system (MPS) in the liver and by spleen filtration
- 12. Factors • Size Nanoparticles smallerthan 10 nm can be rapidly cleared by the kidneys or through extravasation, while larger nanoparticles may have higher tendency to be cleared by cells of the MPS • Surface charge Neutrally charged particles have demonstrated much lower opsonization rates than charged particles
- 13. • PEGylation A PEGshell on the nanoparticle surface shields charged particles from attachment by blood proteins leading to prolonged circulation half-life. • Targeting Ligands Size and charge of the ligand molecule, and their ease of modification and conjugation to the nanoparticles.
- 14. Conclusion • Designing nanoparticlesto be taken orally. • Introduction and improvement of controlled release properties and targeting ligands is expected to enable the development of safer and more effective therapeutic nanoparticles. • The development of particles that are nano scaled has created great opportunities in the of improved drug delivery systems.