Rural Development Strategies in India

Rural Development Strategies in India

• 1.
  International Journal ofTrend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 6 Issue 4, May-June 2022 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD49976 | Volume – 6 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2022 Page 194 Rural Development Strategies in India Dr. Saroj Kumari Department of Economics, Shri Khushal Das University, Hanumangarh, Rajasthan, India ABSTRACT The transition in the rural economy in the last four decades is examined based on the analysis of growth and composition of output and employment. A reduction in the share of agriculture, and a dominance of non-farm activities in the rural economy is noted from 2004–05 onwards. However, agriculture continues to be the predominant source of employment. Employment in the construction sector increased substantially but was not large enough to absorb workers leaving agriculture, resulting in a decline in rural employment after 2004–05. A serious imbalance has emerged in output and employment in different sectors in rural areas requiring urgent attention to create jobs in manufacturing, services, and construction. Creation of jobs in rural areas requires a complete rethink of rural industrialization. KEYWORDS: Rural Development, Industrialization, Countries, Employment How to cite this paper: Dr. Saroj Kumari "Rural Development Strategies in India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456- 6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4, June 2022, pp.194-196, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49976.pdf Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) INTRODUCTION Rural development has expected worldwide consideration particularly among the emerging countries and it has incredible importance for a district like India. Provincial improvement centers upon the advancement of the areas of rustic economies that experience genuine destitution issues and really targets fostering their usefulness. It additionally underscores the need to resolve different major problems of town economies that prevent development and work on these areas. The Government of India has eaten number of plans for improvement of rustic regions. The provincial India dealing with the serious issues of lodging, nonappearance of framework in towns and towns to town availability by every single climate street and nonattendance of work amazing open doors in towns This paper is to concentrate on the Government of India has declared Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yoiana Gramin (PMAY-G) plot is to give houses, Pradhan Manthi Gram Sadak Yoiana (PMGSY) to construct streets and Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) to give work to country individuals. These three plans are assuming primary part in provincial improvement of India. The review uncovers that against the objective of 1.00 crore houses to be built by March 2019, 44.54 lakh houses have been developed during 2017-18 under PMAY-G conspire. The speed of development of PMGSY streets arrived at long term high of 134 kms each day in 2017-18 as against a normal of 73 kms during the period 2011 to 2014. Consequently, the speed of development has expanded by 93%. MGNREGA has given work to 5.12 crore families by creating more than 234.25 crore individual long stretches of compensation business covering 177 lakh works during monetary year 2017-18. (C. Chandramouli (2011)), Historical Background of Rural Development in India The village in India and the idea of rural development is viewed as special, both in the social and monetary circles. In 1901, there were 212.6 million individuals living in provincial regions, in 2001, there was an expansion in country populace to 721.1 million. Without a doubt the thickness of the populace has expanded, the expansion in the rustic populace has prompted a decrease in the land under agribusiness, impacted the woodlands and movement to the metropolitan regions increased farming work and it kept on being utilized. The peculiarity of provincial advancement is turning out to be increasingly more IJTSRD49976
• 2.
  International Journal ofTrend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD49976 | Volume – 6 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2022 Page 195 complex regardless of innovative movement and accessibility of assets as well as proceeded with endeavors from the pre-autonomy time frame. Country Development has a long history in India (Chapter II, n.d.). There are different systems, plans, thoughts, methodology, software engineers, arrangements, standards, institutions, conclusions, approaches, and practices, which should be explored upon and examined to get country advancement. Country improvement has never been another idea to India, rather it is interlaced in the legacy of the Indian culture. Country improvement has acquired noticeable quality since the seventeenth century, when deliberate endeavors to make arrangement for the government assistance open doors for the people were induced. The provincial advancement assignments in India were expected by the public authority in the structure of occasional starvations, yet before all else, they had no lawful approvals behind them. In the initial not many a very long time after 1858, some locale officials seized amidst starvation, the food grain stocks and coordinated the market to ensure their dissemination among the neediness stricken and the denied networks. This was incorporated with next to no obvious assent, driven, as the activity absolutely was, by reason to kill double-dealing of the burdened families and networks, and ease any sorts of issues experienced by the provincial masses (Shah, M. (2004), Rural Development Strategies in India: ➢ Provide MSP (Minimum Support Price) for various crops to the farmers, apart from providing Crop Insurance. ➢ Irrigation facilities to all the agricultural fields should be provided. ➢ Provide Life Insurance to all the farmers who are actually performing agriculture. ➢ Instead of giving direct cash in to the hands of farmers, Government has to provide free of cost all required inputs like quality seeds, fertilizers and pesticides etc. ➢ For purchasing Tractors, Electric Motor Water Pumps etc on subsidy, Government should provide loan facility to the farmers. ➢ Electricity for farmers should be supplied on subsidy rates. ➢ In the event monsoon failure and crop failure due to floods etc, Government must come to the rescue of the farmers. ➢ As there are no other activities except agriculture in rural areas, Government must provide loan facility to the interested educated youth for starting Startups to reduce unemployment. ➢ Strengthen and develop existing Agricultural Markets in addition to the establishing new Agricultural Markets. ➢ Establish new agricultural godowns in addition to the existing godowns. ➢ Agricultural research, extension of rural education and training programmes for farmers should form a part of institution building activities. ➢ Infrastructure building activity related to the growth of irrigation, transport, communications and health facilities. ➢ Programmes to improve agricultural production and marketing should be organized. ➢ Up dated information on policies related to land tenure, agricultural output, prices etc should be provided to the farmers. ➢ Frequent weaving of agricultural loans for political mileage is not good for the economy as it gives wrong signals to those farmers who repay their agricultural loans promptly. Objectives of the study: 1. To establish the need and significance of government initiatives towards rural development. 2. To study the influence of government schemes on removal of poverty, generation of employment and equality 3. To unfold relationship between rural welfare in terms of increased income via poverty eradication and employment schemes and inclusion 4. To understand the dynamics of rural development schemes of the government Significance of the study: This study will help the policy makers in framing suitable policies for the benefit of rural population. The major issues identified in the study which restricted the rural progress, can be addressed promptly in future course of action Need of the study The rural India facing the major problems of housing, absence of infrastructure in villages and towns to village connectivity by all-weather roads and absence of employment opportunities in villages. The primary area of rural India is agriculture sector, even this sector also suffering in synchronizing urban with rural areas because of bad connectivity. In this connection, there is need to study the role of Government of India in providing pucca houses, roads and employment to rural people.
• 3.
  International Journal ofTrend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD49976 | Volume – 6 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2022 Page 196 Importance of the study Rural development can be conceptualized as a process, a phenomenon, a strategy and a discipline. As a process, it implies the engagement of individuals, communities and nations in pursuit of their cherished goals over time. As a phenomenon, rural development is the end result of interaction between various physical, technological, economic, socio-cultural elements for improvement in the economic and social well-being of a specific group rural poor. As a discipline, it is multi-disciplinary in nature, representing an intersection of agricultural, social, behavioral, engineering and management sciences. In nutshell, the term rural development implies a process leading to sustainable improvement in the quality of life of rural people, especially poor. Conclusion Government of India has announced Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yoiana Gramin (PMAY-G) scheme is to provide houses, Pradhan Manthi Gram Sadak Yoiana (PMGSY) to build roads and Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) to provide employment to rural people. These three schemes are playing main role in rural development of India. The study reveals that against the target of 1.00 crore houses to be constructed by March 2019, 44.54 lakh houses have been constructed during 2017-18 under Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yoiana Gramin (PMAY-G) scheme. The pace of construction of PMGSY roads reached an eight year high of 134 kms per day in 2017-18 as against an average of 73 kms during the period 2011 to 2014. Hence, the pace of construction has increased by 93 per cent. MGNREGA has provided employment to 5.12 crore households by generating more than 234.25 crore person days of wage employment covering 177 lakh works during financial year 2017-18. The quality education can help in achieving the goal of eradication of such social evils. The dwindling literacy rates in rural India, especially for females, are a major matter of concern. There is a need for and land and technical reforms. Modern technologies like organic farming should be incorporated to improve outputs and profits. The people should be given access to easy credit and loans by improving the banking system in rural areas. References [1] D. Gangopadhyay, A.K. Mukhopadhyay & Pushpa Singh (2008),‘ Rural Development: A Strategy for Poverty Alleviation in India’, S & T for Rural Development and Inclusive Growth, India, Science and Technology. [2] C. Chandramouli (2011), ‘Rural Urban Distribution of Population’, Ministry of Home Affairs, Census of India 2011, New Delhi, 15th July, 2011. [3] Shah, M. (2004), ‘National Rural Employment Guarantee Act: A Historic opportunity’, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol-XXX, Issue - 39, PP-5287-5291 [4] Surbhi Agrawal (2016), ‘Pre- Post Rural Development’, International Journal of Socio – Legal Analysis and Rural Development, Vol2, Issue – 1, PP-97-106