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Sanitation and Hygiene.pptx
- 1. DR. USAID AHMED Sanitationand Hygiene Management
- 2. HYGIENE :- Keeping yourselfand things around you clean, in order to prevent disease. SANITATION :- The process of keeping places and things clean and healthy, especially food and water. BUT WHY ?
- 3. PREVENTION IS BETTERTHAN CURE Good hygiene is critical for preventing the spread of infectious diseases and helping children lead long, healthy lives. It also prevents them from missing school, resulting in better learning outcomes. For families, good hygiene means avoiding illness and spending less on health care. In some contexts, it can also secure a family’s social status. Yet, important hygiene behaviours are difficult to practice without the right knowledge and skills, adequate community support and the belief that one’s own behaviour can actually make a difference. More diseases lead to more treatment with antibiotics leading to antibiotic resistant super germs.
- 4. How germs spread Germscan spread from person to person or from surfaces to people when you: Touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands Prepare or eat food and drinks with unwashed hands Touch surfaces or objects that have germs on them Blow your nose, cough, or sneeze into hands and then touch other people’s hands or common objects Cough openly in front of others Eating food and drinking water & fluids that are contaminated with germs, especially street food. Consuming improperly cooked food. Eg : Roof top Barbecues.
- 5. PERSONAL HYGIENE Personalhygiene is how you care for your body. This practice includes bathing, washing your hands, brushing your teeth, and more. Every day, you come into contact with millions of outside germs and viruses. They can linger on your body, and in some cases, they may make you sick. Personal hygiene practices can help you and the people around you prevent illnesses. They can also help you feel good about your appearance.
- 6. TYPES OF PERSONALHYGIENE Toilet hygiene :- Wash your hands after you use the restroom. Scrub with soap for 20 to 30 seconds, and be sure to clean between your fingers, on the back of your hands, and under your nails. Rinse with warm water, and dry with a clean towel. If you don’t have running water or soap, an alcohol-based hand sanitizer will also work. Use one that’s at least 60 percent alcohol. Diseases like Typhoid, Cholera, Amoebiasis, Worm Infestations, Hepatitis A & E, Enteroviruses etc can be prevented from good toilet hygiene
- 7. Shower hygiene :- Personal preference may dictate how often you wish to shower, but most people will benefit from a rinse at least every other day. Showering with soap helps rinse away dead skin cells, bacteria, and oils. Showering also clears your sweat pores and helps you skin to maintain good body temperature. You should also wash your hair at least twice a week. Shampooing your hair and scalp helps remove skin build-up and protects against oily residues that can irritate your skin. Diseases like Tinea Infections, Dermatitis, Head Louse Infections can be prevented from this.
- 8. Nail Hygiene :- Trim your nails regularly to keep them short and clean. Brush under them with a nail brush or washcloth to rinse away build-up, dirt, and germs. Tidying your nails helps you prevent spreading germs into your mouth and other body openings. You should also avoid biting your nails. Diseases like Warts, Ingrown nails, Bacterial and fungal infections can be prevented.
- 9. Teeth Hygiene :- Good dental hygiene is about more than just pearly white teeth. Caring for your teeth and gums is a smart way to prevent gum diseases and cavities. Brush at least twice a day for 2 minutes. Aim to brush after you wake up and before bed. Floss between your teeth daily. Use an antibacterial mouthwash. This can help prevent tooth decay and eliminate pockets where bacteria and germs can build up.
- 10. Hands Hygiene :- Germs on your hands can easily enter your body through your mouth, nose, eyes, or ears. Wash your hands: • when you handle food • before you eat • if you handle garbage • when you sneeze • any time you touch an animal Likewise, wash your hands after changing a baby’s diaper, helping someone clean themselves, or when cleaning a cut or wound.
- 11. MENSTRUAL HYGIENE :- Women and adolescent girls are using a clean menstrual management material to absorb or collect menstrual blood, that can be changed in privacy as often as necessary for the duration of a menstrual period. Using soap and water for washing the body as required, Having access to facilities to dispose of used menstrual management materials.
- 12. Problems faced bygirls and women who lack good Menstrual Hygiene Restricting their mobility, freedom and choices; affecting attendance and participation in school and community life; compromising their safety; causing stress and anxiety. Disease that are prevalent with lack of menstrual hygiene are several bacterial and fungal Infections. Viral infections like HPV that can give rise to Cervical Cancers. Poor Sexual and Reproductive health leading to social problems.
- 13. SICKNESS HYGIENE Ifyou’re not feeling well, you should take steps to keep from spreading germs to others. This includes covering your mouth and nose when sneezing. Always keep personal items like towels, toothbrush, soaps, pillows, hankies, combs, underwear separate. Wiping down shared surfaces with an antibacterial wipe, and not sharing any utensils or electronics(Earphones). Also, immediately throw away any soiled tissues. This is the most IMPORTANT part of Hygiene Imagine a Chickenpox Outbreak running through the School.
- 15. SANITATION Keeping your surroundingsclean is as important as personal hygiene Regular cleaning, dusting of classrooms and dorms. Regular mopping of floors with disinfectants. Regular cleaning of washrooms and washbasins with disinfectants Regular changing and washing of bed covers and pillow cases.
- 16. KITCHEN SANITATION Keepall kitchen equipment and utensils clean and in a good condition. Wash, rinse and sanitize all food contact surfaces, equipment and utensils before each use. Ensure water used during the preparation of food products meets drinking water standards. It is important to wash cutting boards, dishes, utensils and counter tops with hot soapy water after preparing each food item and before preparing the next food item. Protect food from dirt, mice, lizards etc. Proper disposal of kitchen waste, leftover food in closed garbage bags. Do not leave food uncovered. Regular cleaning of refrigerators and storage boxes
- 17. GARBAGE DISPOSAL Properand Regular disposal of waste in close garbage bags should be done. Separate wet garbage from dry before disposing. Do Composting of wet garbage if possible Proper disposal of sanitary napkins. This helps to prevent spread of infection and insect breeding.
- 18. IMPORTANT STEPS TOFURTHER PREVENT DISEASES Prescribing full sleeve shirts and pants to prevent mosquito bites. Adding Milk and Eggs to diet in Hostels helps in providing protein to the kids and thus prevent malnutrition Regular Deworming (Every 6 months) can tackle Worm Infestations which are a common cause of Anaemia in School Students . Adding a piece of fruit or raw vegetable helps in improving gastric health and reduces constipation. Adequate water intake (3-4litres a day) prevents UTIs and many Kidney problems. Daily Exercise for at least 30mins helps in flushing the body of toxins.
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