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Similar to savda ghevra INCREMENTAL HOUSIG ppt.pdf (20)
savda ghevra INCREMENTAL HOUSIG ppt.pdf
- 1. Architectural Research Paradigms-ARCH509 SUBMITTED BY- Aditi Gupta (A1904021001) PRIMARY CASE STUDY
- 2. LOCATION, CONTEXT AND CLIMATE LOCATION Savda Ghevra is situated in the rural north-western part of Delhi, near the Delhi-Haryana border, approximately 30 kilometers from the city center (Connaught Place). The colony is located near the Kanjhawala Road, which connects it to the city but is still considered a remote area with limited public transportation options. CONTEXT Largest resettlement colony in North West Delhi, home to 8000 families; Resettled in 2006. • 40 kms from inner city/ previous slum settlements • Peri-urban fringe • No basic services, transport, livelihood opportunities. Deepening of poverty and economic shock Climate and Environment: The area experiences extreme weather conditions, with hot summers, cold winters, and an unpredictable monsoon season. The region's soil is primarily sandy, which has implications for construction and housing stability. SIZE, POPULATION, AND LAYOUT •Total Area: The Savda Ghevra Resettlement Colony spans approximately 70 hectares. •Population: Over 20,000 people were initially resettled, and the population has since grown. Each plot was allotted to families with an average size of 5-6 members, reflecting a mix of nuclear and extended families.
- 3. SPATIAL ORGANIZATION Incremental Design Potential Savda Ghevra follows self built incremental housing system in which the residents are permitted to build according to their own need with time. Dues to this there are various types of housing units with different number of storeys. G+1 is fully constructed 2nd floor is left Incremental
- 4. Road Network The main road is wide enough but as we head along the incremental units the roads tends get narrower. It is a problem for those with 4 wheeler vehicle as it limits their access in the lane.The area lacks public transport system.It creates a problem for people who travel for employment to the city area. Hence they tend to do small businesses in the locality or open shops on the ground floor of their plot.
- 5. Basic Infrastructure The area faces a major problem of drainage and sewage systems. The users of that area have temporarily installed water tankers as a solution. Lack of street lights in some areas can affect the security of the public spaces.
- 6. Urban formations as starting point for development City In-Situ Rehabilitation Scheme for Urban Poor Staying in Slums The strategy strengthens the informal and aims to accelerate the legalization of the homes of the urban poor Displacement and Resettlement Many of the residents of Savda Ghevra were relocated from inner-city slums, so the community has experienced a forced separation from their previous homes, social networks, and economic opportunities. This displacement significantly affects their identity, leading to feelings of disconnection and marginalization.
- 7. BUILDING MATERIAL Material was lying on the road side, which was not being used.
- 8. Community Participation Effective spatial planning will need to consider the role of the community in maintaining and upgrading shared spaces, open areas, and infrastructure. Savda Ghevra's spatial organization reflects the challenges and opportunities in resettlement planning, especially in relation to the incremental housing model and the limited provision of public services.
- 9. AFTER BEFORE BUILDING SHOWING INCREMENTAL
- 10. -SPACE The site lacks proper recreational spaces. Mostly the land in the area are empty and vacant , flooded with rainwater. It is one of the major problem faced by the people living there. The empty lands are not utilized by anyone and were remained untouched in the initial phase of planning.
- 11. The colony is estimated to have a population over 46,000 (as of 2014). The residents of the colony moved in two phases - in 2006-07 and 2009-10 - from 17 JJ clusters within Delhi, in the run up to the 2010 Commonwealth Games. • The colony is divided in to 19 blocks, of which 13 are allotted/occupied. • There are 8686 plots (as of 2014) that were allocated on the basis of proof of duration of residence in the JJC from which the residents were relocated. Those with proof of residency prior to 1990 were allocated 18 square metre plots, those with proof of residency prior to 1998 were allocated 12.5 square metre plots. PUCCA HOUSE KACCHA HOUSE
- 12. There is currently what can loosely be described as 3 types of housing in Savda Ghevra: (1) Houses made with temporary building materials such as bamboo and tarpaulin are classified as kuccha meaning 'temporary'. (2) Houses with brick walls but corrugated tin roofs (i.e. cannot take another floor) are semi-pucca and (3) Houses made of concrete and load- bearing brick walls and roofs are classified as pucca meaning good or permanent. MATERIALS
- 16. ESTABLISHMENTAND PURPOSE •Establishing Body: The resettlement was implemented by the Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board (DUSIB) under the Delhi government's slum rehabilitation scheme, aiming to clear areas marked for development or beautification, like metro corridors and city centers. •Relocated Communities: Residents were primarily displaced from inner-city areas such as Yamuna Pushta, Nehru Place, and other informal settlements across Delhi that were targeted for removal. •Objective: The relocation was intended to provide planned housing options for slum dwellers while freeing up land in more commercially viable parts of the city.
- 17. PROBLEMS FACED BY THE PEOPLE IN SAVDA GHEVRA • water supply, sewage systems, and electricity. Poor road connectivity added to transportation difficulties. • Incremental housing often led to haphazard growth, which created challenges in maintaining hygiene and public safety. The relocation often resulted in loss of livelihoods, as many residents had to commute long distances to their former places of work. Relocation has displaced many residents from their traditional sources of employment in central Delhi. Long commutes and high transport costs make it difficult to maintain their previous jobs. Inadequate public transport infrastructure makes commuting expensive and time-consuming, isolating the community from the city's economic opportunities. Despite being allotted plots, many residents lack formal ownership documentation, making them vulnerable to eviction and limiting their access to formal financial services. Due to unclear zoning regulations and restrictive policies, residents face challenges in upgrading their homes or connecting to essential services.
- 18. Incremental Design in Savda Ghevra: Basic Allotment and Initial Development: 1. The government provided each family with a 12.5 to 25 square meter plot, depending on the family size. 2. Plots came with limited initial infrastructure: no concrete housing, and minimal services (basic roads, no sewage systems, no reliable water supply). 3. Residents were given the freedom to build incrementally according to their needs and resources. Development: • Most residents began with temporary shelters made from tin, bamboo, or reused materials. Gradually, homes were improved with brick and cement as resources allowed. • Residents largely relied on self-help construction methods due to limited financial resources. This involved using locally available materials and family labor. • As families grew and economic situations improved, homes were expanded vertically or horizontally to accommodate additional rooms or functional spaces such as kitchens and bathrooms. Buildings: •The government did not provide any built structures, giving families the freedom to construct homes according to their needs and resources. This led to a wide variety of home designs and incremental growth patterns, driven primarily by the residents themselves. •No clear design guidelines or support were provided by the government for construction, resulting in a patchwork of building materials and techniques.
- 19. •The initial design included basic roads, open stormwater drains, and rudimentary electrical and water supply systems, but these were poorly executed, with limited accessibility and functionality. •Lack of infrastructure like community spaces, playgrounds, or green areas affected the quality of the built environment and community interaction. •The main road width in the Savda Ghevra Resettlement Colony, Delhi, typically ranges from 6 to 9 meters (about 20 to 30 feet). The road network within the colony consists of narrow internal lanes and a few wider streets that serve as main access routes. •Residents used recycled or low-cost materials, such as tarpaulins, old wooden doors, and corrugated metal sheets, in the initial stages of construction. As financial resources improved, these materials were gradually replaced with bricks, cement, and reinforced concrete. •Utilization of locally available materials like bricks and concrete blocks reduced costs and enabled easier repairs and modifications. The use of local materials also helped in climate adaptability, as they were suited to the local environment.
- 20. •INTERIOR •Rooms were often designed with multi-functionality in mind—living spaces doubled as workspaces, and terraces served as areas for drying clothes, gardening, or storage. Walls could be easily removed or modified to accommodate changes in family size or function. •Some residents employed modular design elements that allowed for future expansion. This included building strong foundations and structural frames that could support additional floors or rooms over time. •Homes were designed to maximize the use of small plot sizes. Compact designs featured narrow corridors, multi-functional rooms, and mezzanine floors. Stairs were often steep and narrow to save space, and roofs were used for additional living or storage areas. •Openings like windows and doors were positioned to allow natural ventilation and light while maintaining privacy from the close neighboring plots. •Facade Treatments: •As residents gradually improved their homes, facades varied widely in appearance. Many opted for simple plastered finishes, while others used tiles, bricks, or paint to differentiate their homes from the rest. The use of jali (latticework) and grills on windows and balconies was common to enhance ventilation and security.
- 21. •Roofs were often flat and designed to accommodate a variety of uses. They were used for water storage tanks, solar panels, kitchen gardens, or additional living space. •Given the need for water storage, many homes incorporated large rooftop tanks, which also served as thermal mass to moderate indoor temperatures. •Design adaptations to cope with Delhi's extreme climate were evident in the use of thick walls, shaded windows, overhanging roofs, and internal courtyards in some cases. These elements helped to mitigate heat in summer and retain warmth in winter. •Some residents utilized passive cooling techniques, such as orienting homes to capture breezes and using ventilated jaali (perforated walls) to reduce direct sunlight while promoting airflow.
- 23. Pucca house plan INCREMENTAL -LAYOUT The area follows grid pattern (geometric grid) having several small plots which are accommodated by families. Plots sizes vary from 12 to 25 sqm. Master plan
- 24. General - two storey pukka dwelling 2. Floor - ground floor white cement screed on concrete slab, threshold 550mm above street level; upper floor concrete slab 3. Walls - rendered brickwork ground floor, exposed brickwork first floor part rendered roof structures 4. Roof - concrete slab with screed 5. Openings - metal doors, windows and grilles 6. Electricity - metered supply for power and lighting TYPE- I
- 25. TYPE- II TYPE-II General - 12.5sq m single storey kuccha dwelling 2. Floor - compressed earth, partly brick paved, threshold 300mm below street level 3. Walls - bamboo structure with woven reed panels 4. Roof - bamboo structure with polythene covering 5. Openings - bamboo and reed door 6. Electricity - metered supply for power and lighting TYPE-III General – 12.5sq m single storey semi- pukka dwelling 2. Floor - cement screed on concrete slab, threshold 610mm above street level 3. Walls – rendered and painted brickwork 4. Roof – corrugated fibre cement sheeting on steel structure 5. Openings – metal doors, windows and grilles 6. Electricity – metered supply for power and lighting TYPE- III
- 26. TYPE- IV TYPE- IV General – 12.5sq m two storey pukka dwelling with toilet and washroom on the roof 2. Floor - ground floor cement screed on concrete slab, threshold 710mm above street level; upper floor concrete slab 3. Walls - rendered and painted brickwork 4. Roof - screeded concrete slab 5. Openings - metal doors, windows and grilles 6. Electricity - metered supply for power and lighting
- 28. Strategic for Improved Incremental Design Develop flexible design guidelines that accommodate incremental growth while ensuring safety, structural integrity, and environmental sustainability. These guidelines should promote modular construction, passive design strategies, and the use of local, sustainable materials. Encourage participatory design workshops that involve residents in planning and decision-making processes. Provide access to design professionals who can offer technical guidance and support to communities, enabling them to make informed choices about construction methods and materials. Recognize and support community-led innovations and self-help housing efforts by providing resources, training, and access to low-cost building materials. This can help improve construction quality and sustainability. Implement infrastructure planning that aligns with the incremental nature of housing development. Provide phased access to services like water, electricity, and sanitation, and plan for open spaces, community facilities, and green areas that enhance the quality of life. Urban planning regulations should accommodate and promote incremental development by providing basic service infrastructure in phases, thus supporting growth over time. Implement a phased approach to improve infrastructure, prioritizing critical needs like water, sanitation, and electricity while allowing incremental housing to continue. Develop community centers, health clinics, and schools within the colony to address social needs and improve the overall quality of life.