Scheduling Courses Using Genetic Algorithms

International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 153 – No3, November 2016
20
Scheduling Courses using Genetic Algorithms
Andysah Putera Utama Siahaan
Faculty of Computer Science
Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto Km. 4,5 Sei Sikambing,
20122, Medan, Sumatera Utara,
Indonesia
ABSTRACT
Preparation of courses at every university is done by hand.
This method has limitations that often cause collisions
schedule. In lectures and lab scheduling frequent collision
against the faculty member teaching schedule, collisions on
the class schedule and student, college collision course with
lab time, the allocation of the use of the rooms were not
optimal. Heuristic method of genetic algorithm based on the
mechanism of natural selection; it is a process of biological
evolution. Genetic algorithms are used to obtain optimal
schedule that consists of the initialization process of the
population, fitness evaluation, selection, crossover, and
mutation. Data used include the teaching of data, the data
subjects, the room data and time data retrieved from the
database of the Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas
Pembangunan Panca Budi. The data in advance through the
stages of the process of genetic algorithms to get optimal
results The results of this study in the form of a schedule of
courses has been optimized so that no error occurred and gaps.
General Terms
Artificial Intelligence
Keywords
Genetic Algorithm, Scheduling
1. INTRODUCTION
The process of teaching and learning has become a routine
that is always carried out by the university to carry out the
day-to-day activities. In the process of teaching and learning
will involve courses that will be given to students who
participate in it [5]. The number of courses each semester
hobbled right in not a few. Also, there are compulsory courses,
and there are also elective courses. The preparation of this
course became a classic problem that until now has always
been a dilemma of faculty in particular to the faculty staff. In
setting the schedule of college faculty often encounter
obstacles, so that the result of the preparation always has a
discrepancy with hopes to achieve.
At this time only rely on the strength of the faculty manual
calculations in the preparation of the schedule of courses, so
there is still an error occurred and irregularities in the final
product scheduled lectures per semester. Errors obtained such
a schedule mutually collisions for each faculty; space is not
optimal, the lecturer who was unable to attend because they
do not fit the schedule, students entering different classes at
the same time and so forth. While irregularities obtained as
the not uniform amount charged class faculty against faculty,
where there are lecturers who get the number of teaching
hours, and there is also a lot to get the number of hours of
teaching a little.
Genetic algorithms are one way to address the problem for the
preparation courses. These algorithms can produce optimal
schedules subjects [1][2][7]. Application of this method will
reduce the workload of faculty to students assembles all the
more so if the students owned by large numbers of faculty.
From the financial point of view, this method plays an
important role to save time and costs incurred to prepare a
report schedule faculty courses. A genetic algorithm is a
heuristic search algorithm based on the mechanism of natural
selection, better known by a process of biological evolution.
This algorithm can produce optimal results with a fast time
and has a very large solution space.
2. RELATED WORK
Genetic algorithms work in many cases of scheduling
problem [4][6][8]. Travelling salesmen problem is one of the
problems. It is done to find the solution of all the nodes that
pass and looking for the most optimal value or the shortest
path passes on the track. The genetic algorithm can find the
optimal solution in each generation were executed but the
result is not a correct answer to find the desired distance. This
research tried to combine the Knapsack and genetic
algorithms. Knapsack Problem is a combinatorial
optimization problem. For example, given a set of items by
weight and value, then do the selection of these items to put in
a bag with a limited capacity.
It can specify the desired weight in a container. Knapsack
itself has at least two parameters as determining whether the
fitness of a population approaching with a predetermined
solution. The parameters used in this study is the number of
nodes and weight range. The number of nodes is the number
of point coordinates that will pass while the weighted distance
is the distance between the accumulated number of nodes to
go back to the origin node. In this algorithm is expected to
achieve a solution that can generate fitness = 1 or at least
closer to that number [3].
3. PROPOSED WORK
3.1 Courses Design
As noted in the Introduction, case studies taken in this study is
the Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Pembangunan
Panca Budi. For a schedule can be made correctly, there are
some scheduling rules must be observed. The factors that
influence the preparation of the schedule to include are:
1. Lecturer
A professor can not teach several courses at the same time.
Also, sometimes a teacher can only teach at odd hours and
certain days only, so it is necessary to know the specific
schedules that can not be subject to another.

21
2. Space
Given the limited amount of space owned, it should be noted
the available space so as not to interfere with the course of the
lecture. The schedule should only occupy space there.
3. Time
Time is a time limit of lectures per subject, and there are
certain hours where the lecture is limited to certain hours such
as Friday schedule from 07.30 until 12.00 and resumed at
13.30.
4. Course
Given each course has a semester of courses that are taught,
the need for rules that restrict the scheduling of courses, so
that the courses were by the rules of scheduling.
3.2 Genetic Step
Model of Genetic Algorithm to be used for optimization is as
follows:
1. Selection
In the selection, an assessment of the value of fitness. As a
result, the fitness which has the best quality of chromosomes
have a chance in the next generation. Selection used is the
selection of the roulette wheel. In the implementation of this
selection to consider the number of the population so that the
population is not too much and take a long time, and the
population is also not too little will result in chromosomal
similarity.
2. Crossover
Crossover used was crossing one point with a permutation.
Selection of chromosomes is determined by probability.
Many genes are exchanged depends on the determination of
the initial parameters. In doing a crossover, each of the two
chromosomes will produce two new offspring as the best
genes.
3. Mutation
Mutation is performed after the crossover operation is
completed. This mutation technique is done by swapping
genes randomly. In this process to consider the mutation rate
and the degree of probability of a mutation. If the mutations
are likely the best chromosome loss. However, if too little
mutations, chromosome will long to find the optimal solution.
4. Determination of Fitness
Fitness determination is the provision of value that determines
whether a process is achieved genetic algorithms What does
this process is the process of making the schedule according
to chromosome was selected by processing by calculating
how close to the value of fitness.
3.3 Courses List
This sections shows the list of the disciplines offered by the
Faculty of Computer Science.
NO CODE SUBJECT CRD SEM.
1
MPK-370-101
Pendidikan Pancasila dan
Kewarganegaraan 2
I
2 MPK-370-102 Pendidikan Agama 2
3
MBB-370-103
Ilmu Sosial dan Budaya
Dasar 2
4 MPK-370-104 Bahasa Inggris I 2
5 MPB-370-105 Metafisika I 2
6 MKK-370-106 Matematika Diskrit 2
7
MKK-370-107
Pengantar Teknologi
Informasi 2
8
MKK-370-108
Praktek Pengantar
Teknologi Informasi 1
9 MKK-370-109 Algoritma & Pemrograman 2
10
MKK-370-110
Praktek Algoritma &
Pemrograman 1
11
MKB-370-111
Pengantar Manajemen
Umum 2
CREDIT = 20
12 MPK-370-201 Bahasa Inggris II 2
II
13 MPB-370-202 Metafisika II 2
14 MKK-370-203 Aljabar Linear & Matriks 2
15 MPK-370-204
Bahasa Indonesia (Tata
bahasa ilmiah) 2
16 MKK-370-205 Sistem Operasi 2
17 MKK-370-206
Praktek Sistem
operasi 1
18
MKK-370-207
Pemrograman Berorientasi
Objek I (.NET) 3
19 MKK-370-208
Praktek Pemrograman
Berorientasi Objek I
(.NET) 1
20 MKK-370-209 Statistik dan Probabilitas 2
21 MPB-370-210 Etika Profesi IT 3
CREDIT = 20
22 MPB-370-301 Metafisika III 2
III
23
MKB-370-302
Kewirausahaan Teknologi
Informasi 2
24
MKB-370-303
Pemrograman Berorientasi
Objek II (Java) 3
25
MKB-370-304
Praktek Pemrograman
Berorientasi Objek II
(Java) 1
26 MKK-370-305 Struktur Data 3
27 MKK-370-306 Praktek Struktur Data 1
28 MKK-370-307 Elektronika Dasar 3
29
MKK-370-308
Praktek Elektronika
Dasar 1
30 MKK-370-309 Sistem Basis Data 3
31 MKK-370-310 Komunikasi Data 3
CREDIT = 22
32
MPB-370-401
Troubleshooting dan
Maintenance 3
IV
33
MPB-370-402
Praktek
Troubleshooting dan
Maintenance 1
34 MKB-370-403 Komputer Grafik 3
35
MKB-370-404
Praktek Komputer
Grafik 1
36
MKK-370-405
Organisasi & Arsitektur
Komputer 2
37
MPK-370-406
Sistem Basis Data
Lanjutan 3
38
MPK-370-407
Praktek Sistem Basis
Data Lanjutan ((MySql /
SQL Server / Oracle) 1
39 MKK-370-408 Jaringan Komputer 3

22
40
MKK-370-409
Praktek Jaringan
Komputer 1
41 MPB-370-410 Metode Penelitian 2
CREDIT = 20
42 MKB-370-501 Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak 3
V
43 MKK-370-502 Pemrograman Internet 2
44
MKK-370-503
Praktek
Pemrograman Internet
(HTML 5, CSS, Java
Script/ Jquery) 1
45 MKB-370-504 Dasar Sistem Digital 2
46 MKB-370-505 Desain Berbasis Komputer 2
47
MKB-370-506
Jaringan Komputer Lanjut
(Router) 3
48
MKB-370-507
Praktek Jaringan
Komputer Lanjut (Router) 1
49 MKB-370-508 Simulasi dan Pemodelan 1
50
MKB-370-509
Sistem Pendukung
Keputusan 3
CREDIT = 18
51 MKK-370-601 Kecerdasan Buatan 3
VI
52
MKK-370-602
Praktek Kecerdasan
Buatan 1
53 MKK-370-603 Metode Numerik 2
54 MKB-370-604 Multimedia 2
55 MKB-370-605 Praktek Multimedia 1
56 MKB-370-606 Sistem Informasi Geografis 3
57
MKB-370-607
Praktek Sistem
Informasi Geografis 1
58 MBB-370-608 Kerja Praktek 2
59 MKB-370-609 Robotika 3
60 MKB-370-610 Praktek Robotik 1
CREDIT = 19
61 MKB-370-701 Interface 3
VII
62 MKB-370-702 Praktek Interface 1
63 MKK-370-703 Aplikasi Mobile (Android) 2
64 MKB-370-704 Image Processing 2
65 MKB-370-705 Keamanan Komputer 2
66
MKB-370-706
Proyek Teknologi
Informasi 2
67
MKK-370-707
Interaksi Manusia dan
Komputer 2
68 MKB-370-708 Embedded System 3
69
MKB-370-709
Praktek Embedded
System 1
70
MKB-370-710
Analisa Kerja Sistem
Komputer 2
CREDIT = 20
71 MKB-370-801 Kecakapan Antar Personal 2
VIII72 MBB-370-802 Seminar 2
73 MBB-370-803 Sidang 4
CREDIT = 8
4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This stage will report on the results of the scheduling of the
courses. It develops a software system is the evaluation stage.
Implementation and testing of this section will be done by the
design that has been described in previous chapters. To
determine whether a software implementation is successful or
not, required testing. Here are the results of the
implementation and testing of applications that have been
built.
4.1 Genetic Process
This section describes the steps of the process of finding an
optimal solution in the genetic algorithm. The process can be
seen in the section below:
Indv [1] --> D : 13 S : 0 K : 40 R : 75 J : 8
Error : 136
Indv [2] --> D : 15 S : 0 K : 45 R : 55 J : 11
Error : 126
Indv [3] --> D : 11 S : 0 K : 33 R : 79 J : 17
Error : 140
Indv [4] --> D : 18 S : 0 K : 39 R : 72 J : 16
Error : 145
Indv [5] --> D : 26 S : 0 K : 39 R : 64 J : 6
Error : 135
Indv [6] --> D : 18 S : 0 K : 42 R : 71 J : 16
Error : 147
Indv [7] --> D : 14 S : 0 K : 44 R : 68 J : 11
Error : 137
Indv [8] --> D : 14 S : 0 K : 31 R : 65 J : 8
Error : 118
Indv [9] --> D : 22 S : 0 K : 47 R : 74 J : 12
Error : 155
Indv [10] --> D : 17 S : 0 K : 35 R : 72 J : 10
Error : 134
=================== End of Generation 1
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [2] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 20 R : 30 J : 0
Error : 52
Indv [3] --> D : 14 S : 0 K : 31 R : 65 J : 8
Error : 118
Indv [4] --> D : 26 S : 0 K : 39 R : 64 J : 6
Error : 135
Indv [5] --> D : 18 S : 0 K : 42 R : 71 J : 16
Error : 147
Indv [6] --> D : 13 S : 0 K : 40 R : 75 J : 8
Error : 136
Indv [7] --> D : 13 S : 0 K : 40 R : 75 J : 8
Error : 136
Indv [8] --> D : 22 S : 0 K : 47 R : 74 J : 12
Error : 155
Indv [9] --> D : 17 S : 0 K : 35 R : 72 J : 10
Error : 134
Indv [10] --> D : 13 S : 0 K : 40 R : 75 J : 8
Error : 136
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [2] --> D : 6 S : 0 K : 27 R : 38 J : 0
Error : 71
Indv [3] --> D : 26 S : 0 K : 39 R : 64 J : 6
Error : 135
Indv [4] --> D : 13 S : 0 K : 40 R : 75 J : 8
Error : 136

23
Indv [5] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [6] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [7] --> D : 13 S : 0 K : 40 R : 75 J : 8
Error : 136
Indv [8] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 20 R : 30 J : 0
Error : 52
Indv [9] --> D : 17 S : 0 K : 35 R : 72 J : 10
Error : 134
Indv [10] --> D : 14 S : 0 K : 31 R : 65 J : 8
Error : 118
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [2] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 25 R : 35 J : 1
Error : 63
Indv [3] --> D : 6 S : 0 K : 27 R : 38 J : 0
Error : 71
Indv [4] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [5] --> D : 6 S : 0 K : 27 R : 38 J : 0
Error : 71
Indv [6] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [7] --> D : 26 S : 0 K : 39 R : 64 J : 6
Error : 135
Indv [8] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [9] --> D : 13 S : 0 K : 40 R : 75 J : 8
Error : 136
Indv [10] --> D : 13 S : 0 K : 40 R : 75 J : 8
Error : 136
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 9 R : 19 J : 0
Error : 30
Indv [2] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 13 R : 14 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [3] --> D : 6 S : 0 K : 27 R : 38 J : 0
Error : 71
Indv [4] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [5] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [6] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [7] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 25 R : 35 J : 1
Error : 63
Indv [8] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [9] --> D : 6 S : 0 K : 27 R : 38 J : 0
Error : 71
Indv [10] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 10 R : 13 J : 1
Error : 25
Indv [2] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 6 R : 13 J : 0
Error : 20
Indv [3] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [4] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [5] --> D : 6 S : 0 K : 27 R : 38 J : 0
Error : 71
Indv [6] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [7] --> D : 6 S : 0 K : 27 R : 38 J : 0
Error : 71
Indv [8] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [9] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 9 R : 19 J : 0
Error : 30
Indv [10] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 9 R : 8 J : 0
Error : 18
Indv [2] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 7 R : 10 J : 0
Error : 18
Indv [3] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [4] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [5] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [6] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [7] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [8] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 10 R : 13 J : 1
Error : 25
Indv [9] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [10] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 10 R : 13 J : 1
Error : 25
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 3 R : 10 J : 0
Error : 13
Indv [2] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [3] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [4] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [5] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 10 R : 13 J : 1
Error : 25
Indv [6] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [7] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [8] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [9] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [10] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 8 J : 0
Error : 14
Indv [2] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 6 R : 9 J : 0
Error : 16
Indv [3] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [4] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [5] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [6] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10

24
Indv [7] --> D : 4 S : 0 K : 20 R : 35 J : 0
Error : 59
Indv [8] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [9] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 3 R : 10 J : 0
Error : 13
Indv [10] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 6 R : 9 J : 1
Error : 16
Indv [2] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [3] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 6 R : 9 J : 0
Error : 16
Indv [4] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 12 R : 15 J : 0
Error : 28
Indv [5] --> D : 2 S : 0 K : 10 R : 11 J : 0
Error : 23
Indv [6] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 8 J : 0
Error : 14
Indv [7] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [8] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [9] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [10] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 8 R : 14 J : 0
Error : 22
Indv [2] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 3 R : 5 J : 0
Error : 8
Indv [3] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [4] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [5] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 6 R : 9 J : 0
Error : 16
Indv [6] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 6 R : 9 J : 1
Error : 16
Indv [7] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [8] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [9] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [10] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 1 R : 5 J : 0
Error : 6
Indv [2] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 5 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 7
Indv [3] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [4] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [5] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [6] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [7] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [8] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [9] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [10] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 0 R : 3 J : 0
Error : 3
Indv [2] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 1 R : 1 J : 0
Error : 2
Indv [3] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [4] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 5 R : 4 J : 0
Error : 10
Indv [5] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [6] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [7] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [8] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [9] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [10] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [2] --> D : 1 S : 0 K : 2 R : 3 J : 1
Error : 7
Indv [3] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [4] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [5] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 1 R : 1 J : 0
Error : 2
Indv [6] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [7] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 0 R : 3 J : 0
Error : 3
Indv [8] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [9] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [10] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 0 R : 1 J : 0
Error : 1
Indv [2] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 3 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 5
Indv [3] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [4] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [5] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [6] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [7] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
Indv [8] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 1 R : 1 J : 0
Error : 2

25
Indv [9] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 0 R : 3 J : 0
Error : 3
Indv [10] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 2 R : 2 J : 0
Error : 4
===================
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 0 R : 0 J : 0
Error : 0
===================
4.2 Result
In the first generation, a population of 1 to 10 population has
a value large error in which an error in each population is
above 100. At the next generations, the error value will
decrease gradually. If any value of the population still has an
error value of more than 1, then the population is not yet
optimal. The error value must be 0 to get the value Fitness = 1.
After 16 generations, the population is worth error = 0 as
shown below.
Indv [1] --> D : 0 S : 0 K : 0 R : 0 J : 0
Error : 0
===================
5. CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis and testing conducted in the previous
chapter, it can be concluded the genetic algorithm is a good
algorithm in the process of optimization of scheduling
courses. Genetic algorithms are very influenced by the
random function, so it is not always the results obtained in the
process of scheduling lectures and lab work to get the most
optimal results. Selection of the genes in the process of
crossover and mutation, can not be randomized because of
differences in the range of each gene but directly elected.
Based on testing with genetic input parameter values are the
same or different, the scheduling process produces results and
generation of different iterations this is because of the random
function. Fingers and crossover and mutation probabilities
used is 100%, because of all the chromosomes crossover and
mutation. Genetic operators used in this study is Roulette
wheel selection, crossover a cutting point, because it is more
appropriate exchange mutation on chromosome representation
and generate initialization population at the time of the initial
population.
6. FUTURE SCOPE
The algorithm needs to be developed to gain more result. It
needs to collaborate to other division to make the scheduling
system more sophisticated.The Knapsack problem is the best
method to limit the output. By combining this method with
genetic algorithms, it makes the output better than before.
7. REFERENCES
[1] M. U. Siregar, “A New Approach to CPU Scheduling
Algorithm: Genetic Round Robin,” International Journal
of Computer Applications, vol. 47, no. 19, pp. 18-25,
2012.
[2] Y. Li dan Y. Chen, “A Genetic Algorithm for Job-Shop
Scheduling,” Journal of Software, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 269-
273, 2010.
[3] A. P. U. Siahaan, “Adjustable Knapsack in Travelling
Salesman Problem,” International Journal of Science &
Technoledge, vol. 4, no. 9, 2016.
[4] A. P. U. Siahaan, “Comparison Analysis of CPU
Scheduling FCFS, SJF and Round Robin,” International
Journal of Engineering Development and Research, vol.
4, no. 3, pp. 124-132, 20 November 2016.
[5] U. Aickelin dan K. A. Dowsland, “An Indirect Genetic
Algorithm for a Nurse Scheduling Problem,” Computers
& Operations Research, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 761-778,
2004.
[6] M. Gupta dan S. Gupta, “Optimized Processor
Scheduling Algorithms using Genetic Algorithm
Approach,” International Journal of Advanced Research
in Computer and Communication Engineering, vol. 2, no.
6, pp. 2415-2417, 2013.
[7] F. A. Omara dan M. M. Arafa, “Genetic Algorithms for
Task Scheduling Problem,” Journal of Parallel and
Distributed Computing, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 13-22, 2010.
[8] H. Z. Jia, A. Y. C. Nee, J. Y. H. Fuh dan Y. F. Zhang, “A
Modified Genetic Algorithm for Distributed Scheduling
Problems,” Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, vol. 14,
no. 3, p. 351, 2003.
8. AUTHOR PROFILE
Andysah Putera Utama Siahaan was born in Medan,
Indonesia, in 1980. He received the S.Kom. degree in
computer science from Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi,
Medan, Indonesia, in 2010, and the M.Kom. in computer
science as well from the University of Sumatera Utara, Medan,
Indonesia, in 2012. In 2010, he joined the Department of
Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi, as a
Lecturer, and in 2012 became a researcher. He is applying for
his Ph.D. degree in 2016. He has written several international
journals. He is now active in writing papers and joining
conferences.
IJCATM : www.ijcaonline.org

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