Downloaded 29 times
Uploaded byAneesa K Ayoob
SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES
This document summarizes key aspects of school oral health programmes (SOHP). It defines SOHP and lists their objectives as improving dental health knowledge and practices for students. The ideal requirements, advantages, and elements of SOHP are described. Elements include community involvement, dental screenings, education, preventive programs like fluoride and sealants, referrals, and follow-ups. Incremental and comprehensive models of dental care delivery in SOHPs are also outlined. Global initiatives by organizations like WHO are mentioned, as are some examples of national SOHPs.
More Related Content
Similar to SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES
More from Aneesa K Ayoob
SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES
- 1. SCHOOL ORAL HEALTHPROGRAMMES
- 2. • Introduction • Aspectsof SOHP • Objectives of SOHP • Ideal requirements of SOHP • Advantages of SOHP • Elements of SOHP • Incremental dental care • Comprehensive dental care • Global oral health programmes • Conclusion CONTENTS 2
- 3. DEFINITION School health servicesare defined as the “ Procedures established • to appraise the health status of pupils and school personnel • to counsel pupils, parents, and others concerning appraisal findings • to encourage the correction of remediable defects • to assist in the identification and education of handicapped children • to help prevent and control disease • to provide emergency service for injury or sudden sickness". 4
- 4. Health appraisal Health counseling Emergency care and first aid School health education Maintenance ofschool health records Curative services ASPECTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICE 7
- 5. OBJECTIVES OF SOHP 1.To help every school child appreciate the importance of a healthy mouth and the relationship of dental health to general health. 2. To encourage dental health practices, personnel care, professional care, proper diet and oral habits. 3. To enlist the aid of all groups and agencies interested in the promotion of school health. 4. To correlate dental health activities with the total school health program. 5. To stimulate the development of resources to make dental care available to all children & youths. 6. To stimulate dentists to perform adequate health services for children. 8
- 6. IDEAL REQUIREMENTS OFSOHP 1) Should be administratively sound. 2) Should be available to all children. 3) Should provide the facts about dentistry and dental care. 4) Should aid in development of favorable attitude towards oral health. 5) Should provide environment to develop psychomotor skills necessary for tooth brushing and flossing. 6) Should include primary preventive programs. 7) Provide screening methods for early identification and referral of pathology. 9
- 7. ADVANTAGES OF SOHP 1)School based oral health programs can bring comprehensive oral care including preventive measures. 2) Students can be accessed during their childhood to adolescence. 3) School clinics are less threatening than private clinics, as children are in their familiar surroundings. 4) The collaboration between oral health personnel, teachers and students helps develop positive attitude in them. 10
- 8. 5) A regulardental attendance pattern in early life will be continued after school life as well. 6) SOHP when associated with general health programs facilitates valuable findings in medico-dental problems. 7) It reduces the time, cost of treatment and transportation for school children. 8) The health of school staff, families and community members can also be enhanced by such programs. 11
- 9. Improving school- communityrelations Conducting dental inspections Imparting health education Performing specific programmes Referral for dental care Follow up of dental inspection ELEMENTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMMES 12
- 10. 1. Improving school-community relations • Formation of school health team and • Community Advisory Committee. • School health team- 8-14 members • Students, parents, school governors, teachers and school staff 13 • The task of this committee is a)To highlight the oral needs of school children. b)To address schools concern in the promotion of oral health. c)To make people realize the importance of oral health.
- 11. 2. Conducting dentalinspections: Benefits of school dental inspection • Basis for school dental health instruction. • Positive attitude in children. • Child is motivated to seek professional care • Provides information about status of dental needs • Baseline and cumulative data for evaluation 14
- 12. 3.Conducting school dentalhealth education School Health Education focuses on • Oral health promoting behaviors and conditions • Skills needed to practice those behaviors • Knowledge ,attitude, beliefs and values • Learning experiences that allow students to model and practice skills. • Personal development. • Responsibility at home and in the society. 15
- 13. 4) Performing specificpreventive programs 4 A)Tooth brushing programs: • In a classroom, 6-8 children can be taught as a group. • Each one is given a cup, napkin, toothbrush and fluoride tooth paste. • Then the children are demonstrated how to brush their teeth. • The mastery of 45deg angulation and short vibratory strokes can then be repeated on a dentoform model. • Emphasis should be made that all teeth surfaces are covered and cleaned. 16
- 14. 4b) Classroom basedfluoride programs i) Fluoride mouth rinsing program • It includes a kit which consist of fluoride rinse dispenser, cups, napkins and plastic disposal bags. • From dispenser 2gm of sodium fluoride powder is collected and added to 1000ml of water. • The rinse should be non sweetened and non flavored to discourage swallowing. • Rinsing programs are advised to the grades 1 to 12 but not to below grades. • Five ml of the rinse is dispensed into each cup and distributed to all children and instructed to rinse it for 1 min, after which they are to spit carefully into the same cup. • The napkin is used to wipe the mouth after which it is forced inside the cup to soak the fluid which are then disposed. 17
- 15. ii) Fluoride tabletprogram • One tablet of 2.2mg sodium fluoride (contains 1mg fluoride) is given to each student. • Then student chew and swishes the tablet for 1 min and swallows. • This swish and swallow technique provides the benefit of topical as well as systemic benefit during tooth development and maturation. 18
- 16. 4c) SchoolWater Fluoridationprogram • The procedure makes the fluoride available to children for whom dental caries is a primary problem. • The amount of fluoride added to school drinking water should be greater than community water supply that is 4-5 ppm. • As children are present for a shorter period in the school and they consume less water during that time. • Studies have shown a reduction in dental caries by about 40% among school children having school drinking water fluoridation. 19
- 17. 4d) Nutrition asa part of Preventive Program • School lunch programs are designed to provide child with nearly 1/3 rd of daily intake of nutrients. • Efforts are made in reducing the frequency and intake of sugar products. The main objective of the program is a)To improve enrollment and attendance. b)To reduce school drop outs. c)To improve child health by improving nutrition level. d)To improve learning levels of children. 20
- 18. 4e) Sealant placementprogram • The placement of pit and fissure sealant is ideal for SOHP. • Children from 1 st, 2 nd, 6 th and 7 th grades would be desirable for intervention of pit and fissure lesions. • 1 st and 2 nd grade because first permanent molars will be sufficiently erupted while 6 th and 7 th second permanent molars will be sufficiently erupted for sealant placement. 4f) Science fair • Dental projects should be included • Support from local and state dental associations 21
- 19. 5. Referral fordental care • Parents should be notified in writing about the remediable defects. • Referral to a dentist of their choice. • Blanket referral- all children given referral cards. 6. Follow up dental inspections • Steps should be taken by the school to correct defects after issual of referral slips to children after dental inspection. • Leave concessions from school for dental treatment are strongly recommended during school hours. 22
- 20. Incremental Dental Care •Incremental dental care is defined as periodic care so spaced that increments of dental disease are treated at the earliest time consistent with proper diagnosis and operating efficiency in such a way that there is no accumulation of dental needs beyond the minimum • By George Cunningham in England in 1907. • Consists of providing dental care for the lowest age group in the priority scale in the first year and carrying it forward in subsequent years as far as funds permit, each year adding a new class of children at the earliest available age. 23
- 21. Advantages: • Aims atprevention and maintenance. • Initial cost is less. • Man hours for initial care is less. • Early lesions of dental caries are treated before pulpal involvement. • Topical fluorides and other preventive measures • Periodontal disease is interrupted at or near beginning. • Child develops habit of visiting the dentist periodically. • The program helps the community to obtain a favorable impression on the dentist. 24
- 22. Disadvantages: • Time consuming. •Exhaustion of financial resources. • Deciduous teeth given unnecessary priority. • Interruptions in dental care program. • Inertia in seeking private dental care. 25
- 23. Comprehensive Dental Care •Comprehensive dental care is the meeting of a accumulated dental needs at the time a population group is taken into the programme (initial care) and the detection and correction of new increments of dental disease on a semi-annual or other periodic basis(maintenance care). • Preventive measures are aimed at minimizing disease are a part of comprehensive dental care • Services are provided not only to eliminate pain and infection but also to provide services from “womb to tomb” 26
- 24. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION’S(WHO’S) GLOBAL SCHOOL HEALTH INITITAIVE The strategies are: • Research to improve school health programs • Building capacity to advocate for improved school health programs • Strengthening national capacities • Creating networks and alliances for the development of health promoting schools. 27
- 25. “Learning about youroral health” – A prevention- oriented school Programme • Developed by ADA in 1971. • Goal –To develop knowledge, skills and attitudes needed for prevention of dental diseases. 28 SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMME
- 26. Texas Statewide PreventiveDentistry Programme-TATTLETOOTH PROGRAMME • 1974 – 1976. • Texas Dental Health Professional organization,Texas Department of Health andTexas Education Agency. • 1989 –TattleTooth ll was developed. • Goal –To reduce dental disease and develop positive dental habits to last a lifetime. 29 Colgate’s Bright Smiles, Bright Future • Launched by Colgate, 2008 • Was introduced to make children the true ambassadors of oral health. • The children learnt about good oral health practices and also helped in spreading the message of good oral hygiene to the community.
- 27. • Minnesota healthdepartment - Demonstration programmes for caries prevention and control, dental health education and dental care • Dental care was rendered by a group of 5 dentists. • Topical fluoride treatments. 30 Askov Dental Health Education THETA -Teenage Health EducationTeaching Assistants • Developed by US public health service division of dentistry. • Utilizes qualified dental personnel to train interested high school students to teach preventive dentistry to elementary students • Goal is to give young children the knowledge and skills to start preventive practices
- 28. North Carolina StatewidePreventive Dental Health Programme • First statewide programme . • The largest and most comprehensive of all state public health programmes in US. 31 Project Head Start • Largest pre school program in US. • Established in 1965. • 3 to 5 year old group. • Children from low income families and children with disabilities.
- 29. REFERENCES • Essentials ofPreventive and Community Dentistry- Dr. Soben Peter • Textbook of Preventive and Community Dentistry - SS Hiremath 33
- 30.
Editor's Notes
- #8 Health appraisal – “process of determining the total health status of the child”. Health counseling. Emergency care and first aid. School health education. Maintenance of school health records. Curative services like check ups, treatment and referrals.
- #16 Methods to convey knowledge:Lectures Stories Programmed instruction Computer aided instruction Group work Seminars Peer teaching
- #21 MID DAY MEAL SCHEME: To ensure enrollment of all children of school going age.To enhance retention rate.To facilitate academic excellence.To improve child health and increase nutrition level.To bring social equity.
- #23 Improving school- community relations Conducting dental inspections Imparting health education Performing specific programmes Referral for dental care Follow up of dental inspection