SD-Domain Overview.ppt

Why ERP?
• Traditional IT Landscape
Flaws in the systems design
Independent system development
Dependency on human factor

How to overcome?
• Solution landscape
Common platform
Integrated solution
Seamless data flow
Nil dependency on human factor

Introduction to SAP
• 1972 – The year it all began…..
• 5 System analysts from IBM
• System Analyze und Programmen
twickelung
• Mannheim, Germany

Introduction to SAP…..
• 1977 - Walldorf, HQ and became GmbH
• 1977 – Name changed to Systems,
Anwendungen, Produkte in der daten
verarbeitung
• I customer – ICI subsidiary @ Ostringen,
Germany
• I Fiscal Year – A small profit on revenues of
DM 620,000

Introduction to SAP…..
• Product centric approach – R/2 and R/3
• 1979 – R/2
• 1992 – R/3
• Versions in R/3

Releases
• SAP R/3 Release 3.1I
• SAP R/3 Release 4.0B Release Date June 1998
• SAP R/3 Release 4.5B Release Date March 1999
• SAP R/3 Release 4.6A Release Date 1999
• SAP R/3 Release 4.6B Release Date Dec 1999
• SAP R/3 Release 4.6C Release Date April 2001
• SAP R/3 Enterprise Release 4.70 Release Date March- Dec 2003[2]
• SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 4.7
• SAP R/3 Enterprise Central Component 5.0
• SAP R/3 Enterprise Central Component 6.0
• SAP R/3 ENTERPRISE PORTAL 7.0

SAP Overview
• Advantages of SAP R/3
– Functionality
– Integration
– User friendliness
– Customised solutions

SAP Overview….
– Flexible structure
– Real time information
– Best practices capsule
– Three-tier Architecture
– Lean Implementation

SAP Components
R/3
Client / Server
ABAP/4
FI
Financial
Accounting
CO
Controlling
AM
Fixed Assets
Mgmt.
PS
Project
System
WF
Workflow
IS
Industry
Solutions
MM
Materials
Mgmt.
HR
Human
Resources
SD
Sales &
Distribution
PP
Production
Planning
QM
Quality
Mgmt. PM
Plant
Maintenance

Enterprise Structure
and
Master Data

• Organizational units in the R/3 System represent the structure of
an enterprise organization. Organizational units represent the
legal and organizational views of an enterprise.
• The Sales and Distribution module uses some organizational units
that can only represent sales and distribution processes, such as
sales organization, distribution channel, division or shipping point.
Other organizational units, such as company code or plant, are
used in Sales and Distribution and in other modules in the R/3
System.
• You can represent your enterprise structure using organizational
units based on your business processes.
• This is not a complete list of all organizational units relevant for
the sales and distribution processes in the R/3 System.

• For a company code, a complete independent accounting unit can
be represented as the smallest organizational unit in external
accounting.
•This includes entry of all accountable transactions and the creation
of all proofs for a legally required individual account closing, such
as the balance sheets and the profit and loss statement.
•Examples of a company code are: a company within a corporate
group or a subsidiary.

• The sales organization is an organizational unit in Logistics
which groups the enterprise according to the requirements of
sales and distribution. A sales organization is responsible for
distributing goods and services. Therefore, it is also liable for the
sold products and responsible for the customers' rights of
recourse.
• The sales organization is also used to take, for example, a
regional, national or international subdivision of the market into
account.
• A sales organization is uniquely assigned to a company code.
More than one sales organization can be assigned to a company
code. If you use the Sales and Distribution module, you need at
least one sales organization.
• You maintain own master data for a sales organization. In the
sales statistics, the sales organization is the highest summation
level. All items in a sales and distribution document, that is, all
items of an order, an outbound delivery or a billing document,
belong to a sales organization.

• A distribution channel is a means through which salable materials
or services reach the customer.
• Several distribution channels can be assigned to a sales
organization. If you use the Sales and Distribution module, you
need at least one distribution channel.
• For example, it is used to:
– Define responsibilities,
– Achieve flexible pricing and
– Differentiate sales statistics.

• A division is used to group materials and services.
• A sales organization can have several divisions assigned to it, for
which it is responsible. If you use the Sales and Distribution
module, you will need at least one division.
• The system uses the division to determine the sales areas a
material or a service is assigned to.
• A division can, for example, represent a product group. Therefore,
you can, for example, restrict price agreements with a customer to
a certain division. You can also conduct statistical analysis by
division.

• A sales area is a combination of the sales organization,
distribution channel, and division. It defines the distribution
channel a sales organization uses to sell products from a certain
division.
• Each sales and distribution document is assigned to exactly one
sales area. This assignment cannot be changed.
• A sales area can belong to only one company code. This
relationship is created by assigning the sales organization.
• During the processing of sales and distribution documents, the
system accesses various master data, according to the sales
area. This master data includes, for example, customer master
data, material master data, prices, and discounts. In addition, the
system carries out several checks concerning the validity of
certain entries according to the sales area.
• Note: A simple organizational structure can be better than a
complex one. For example, it simplifies updating master data. Do
not define complex organizational structures in order to have
detailed reporting options. Use fields on the master data screen.

• The plant is a location where material stock is kept. In the R/3
System, a plant can, for example, represent a production facility or
simply a grouping of locations (storage locations) in physical
proximity.
• Plant and storage location are organizational units that can be used
by all logistic areas of the R/3 System.
• Materials management is primarily concerned with the material flow.
From a materials management point of view, a plant is, above all, a
location where material stock is kept.
• In production, a plant can represent a manufacturing facility.
• In sales and distribution, a plant represents the location from which
materials and services are distributed and corresponds to a
distribution center. The relevant stocks are kept here.
• If you sell a service, a plant can represent the location services are
rendered from (that is, an office).
• In sales and distribution, the plant has a central function:
• You have to create at least one plant in order to be able to use the
Sales and Distribution module.
• A plant must be uniquely assigned to a company code.
• The assignment between sales organizations and plants does not
have to be unique.
• The plant is essential for determining the shipping point.

• Shipping is an integrated module of sales and distribution
processing. The shipping point is the highest-level organizational
unit of shipping that controls your shipping activities. Each outbound
delivery is processed by one shipping point.
• The shipping point can be a loading ramp, a mail depot, or a rail
depot. It can also be, for example, a group of employees responsible
(only) for organizing urgent deliveries.
• You assign a shipping point in the SAP System at plant level. A
shipping point is a physical place and should be near the delivering
plant. More than one shipping point can be assigned to a plant.
You can also assign several plants to a shipping point. This can also
be appropriate for plants in physical proximity.

Master Data
In
Sales and Distribution

• Several sources of data can be copied into a sales order or into
another sales and distribution document. Most of them are default
values that you can overwrite in the sales and distribution document,
if necessary.
These sources of data include, for example:
• Customer master data
• Material master data
• Condition master data (You create and maintain this master data in
the sales and distribution master data for automatic pricing. This
could be, for example, a material price or a customer discount).
• Output is information that is sent to the customer using various
media, such as mail, EDI, or fax. Examples include the printout of a
quotation or an order confirmation, order confirmations using EDI, or
invoices by fax.
• Control tables: You can create and maintain these tables in
Customizing. The default values of several data can be controlled in
the sales and distribution documents, depending on the table
settings.
• One sales document can serve as a source of data for another
sales document. For example, a quotation can serve as a data
source for a sales order.

• The customer master groups data into categories: general data,
sales area data, and company code data.
• The general data is relevant for sales and distribution and for
accounting. It is stored centrally (client-specific), in order to
avoid data redundancy. It is valid for all organizational units
within a client.
• The sales area data is relevant for sales and distribution. It is
valid for the respective sales area (sales organization,
distribution channel, division).
• The company code data is relevant for accounting. It is valid for
the respective company code.
• The customer master includes all data necessary for processing
orders, deliveries, invoices, and customer payments.

• In order to maintain the general data in the customer master that is
relevant for sales and distribution and accounting, the data fields
are grouped on several tab pages.
• The general data is maintained independently of the organizational
units.
• The general data in the customer master is set out on the following
tab pages:
• Address
• Control data
• Payment transactions
• Marketing
• Unloading points
• Export data
• Contact persons
• By changing the Customizing settings, you can hide certain fields
on a tab page or make them required entry fields.

• In order to maintain the company code data relevant for accounting
in the customer master, the data fields are grouped on several tab
pages.
• You can maintain the company code data in various ways,
according to the company code
• The company code data in the customer master comprises the
following tab pages:
• Account management
• Payment transactions
• Correspondence
• Insurance

• You can maintain the sales area data in various ways, depending
on the sales area (sales organization, distribution channel, division).
• The sales area data in the customer master is set out on the
following tab pages:
• Orders
• Shipping
• Billing document
• Partner functions

• The material master is grouped into several views: Basic data,
sales and distribution data, purchasing data, various further data
for engineering/design, accounting, costing, warehouse
management, and so on.
• Basic data is relevant for all areas. It is valid for all organizational
units within a client.
• Sales: sales organization data is relevant for sales and
distribution. It is valid for the respective sales organization and the
distribution channel.
• The sales: plant data is also relevant for sales and distribution. It is
valid for the respective delivering plant.
• There is additional data for several other areas. This is valid for
various organizational units.

• There are several tab pages in the material master, that are valid for
sales and distribution:
• Basic data is relevant for all areas. It is maintained independently of
organizational units.
• Sales Org. 1 data, Sales Org. 2 data, and the sales texts are valid for
the sales organization and the distribution channel.
• Sales: General/Plant data and Foreign Trade: Export data is valid for
the delivering plant.
• By changing the Customizing settings, you can hide certain fields on
a tab page or make them required entry fields.

• You can use the customer-material information to record data for a
combination of certain customers and materials.
• If a customer-material info exists for a customer and a material, these
default values are preferred to the values from the customer or the
material master when processing a document (order, or delivery)
• You can use the customer-material information record to maintain the
following data:
• Cross-reference from your customer's material number to your
material number and the customer's material description.
• Specific shipping information for this customer and material (such as
delivery tolerances, specifying if the customer accepts partial
deliveries, or the default delivering plant).

• Output is information that is sent to the customer using various
media, such as mail, EDI, or fax. Examples include: the printout of
a quotation or an order confirmation, order confirmations using
EDI, or invoices by fax.
• As with pricing, output determination takes place using the
condition technique.
• Output can be sent for various sales and distribution documents
(order, delivery, billing document)
• In the output master data, you define the transmission medium,
the time, and the partner function for an output type.
• Output types include, for example: quotation, order confirmation,
invoice.
• Partner functions include, for example: sold-to party, ship-to party,
and bill-to party.
• Transmission media include, for example: printer, telex, fax, mail,
EDI.
• Times at which output is sent include: immediately when saving,
or by using a standard program (RSNAST00) that is run regularly.
• The layout of an output is defined by a form in SAPscript. The
form is assigned to an output type.

• Each sales and distribution document contains data required for
the document and for further processing.
• The system determines which fields are displayed in the
incompletion log when the user does not fill them during sales
order processing.
• The incompletion log will be displayed a) automatically when you
save your entries. You can also call it by choosing Edit ->
Incompletion log.
• In Customizing, you can decide which fields should be part of the
incompletion log.
• The incompletion log functions are available in the sales order and
in the delivery.

• The condition master data includes prices, surcharges and
discounts, freights, and taxes.
• You can define condition master data (condition records) to be
dependent on various data. You can, for example, maintain a
material price customer-specifically or define a discount to be
dependent on the customer and the material pricing group.
• In Customizing, you can control the data on which prices,
surcharges and discounts, freights or taxes can be dependent.
(You can define conditions to be dependent on any document
fields). Frequently occurring cases have already been set in the
standard system.

• The condition type defines multiple uses of a condition.
• You can have a percentage, a quantity-dependent, or an amount-
dependent surcharge or discount, depending on the condition type .
• By specifying a validity period, you can restrict a price agreement to
a certain period.
• You can maintain values within a condition record (price, surcharge,
discount) according to a scale. There is no limit to the number of
scale levels.

SALES DOCUMENT
TYPES
Sales Documents Delivery Documents Billing Documents

Different sales document types are delivered with the system to represent
the different business processes. These provide you with examples of how
to use sales document types.

•A sales document is created in a sales area.
•A sales order can refer to a business transaction that already exists
in the system. For example, one or more inquiries and quotations can
be reference documents. In this case, the SAP System copies the
relevant data to the sales order.
•A quotation can also result in several sales orders. This allows you
to group all the quotations for one customer.

• A sales document is grouped into three levels: header, item and
schedule line. Data is distributed on these levels as follows:
• Sales document header
The data in the document header is valid for the entire document. This
includes, for example, customer-related data.
• Sales document items
Each item in the sales document contains its own data. This includes, for
example, data about the material and quantities ordered.
Each sales document can have several items, while individual items can
be controlled differently. Examples include material item, service item,
free-of-charge item or text item.
• Item schedule lines
Schedule lines contain delivery quantities and delivery dates. They belong
uniquely to an item. Every item that has a subsequent outbound delivery
in the sales and distribution process must have at least a schedule line.
The item can have several schedule lines, for example when the quantity
ordered is to be delivered in several partial deliveries at different times.
• To process the sales documents efficiently, the data can be displayed
and processed in different views. The views are grouped into overview,
header and item screens. A new sales document is entered on an
overview screen.

• You can create an outbound delivery in a shipping point for orders
that are due for delivery. The SAP System copies the relevant data
from the order to the outbound delivery.
• You can create one or several outbound deliveries from the order.
You can also combine items from several orders into one outbound
delivery. To combine them successfully, the orders must all have
the same characteristics that are essential for the shipping process,
for example:
– Shipping point
– Due date
– Ship-to address
• The SAP System can create deliveries either on-line or as a
background job to be executed during off-peak hours.

• A sales document is grouped into two levels: header and item.
The data is distributed across these levels as follows:
The data for the document header is valid for the entire
document. This includes, for example, data for the ship-to party
and schedules for shipping processing.
• Delivery document item
Each item in the sales document contains its own data. This
includes data about the material, quantities and weights as well
as stock information.
Each sales document can have several items. The items can be
controlled differently. Examples include material item, free-of-
charge item or text item.
• The delivery document does not contain schedule lines. Each
schedule line in the sales document can become an item in the
delivery document.
• To process delivery documents efficiently, the data can be read
and processed in different views. The views are grouped into
overview, header and item screens.

• You create a transfer order for an outbound delivery.
• A transfer order is created for a warehouse number. During
this process, only the deliveries that are necessary for picking
are taken into account. The R/3 System copies the relevant
data from the delivery.
• The R/3 System can combine several outbound deliveries into
a group of transfer orders, as long as these deliveries all have
the same warehouse number. Selection for outbound delivery
can be further restricted, for example via the picking date and
by choosing certain shipping points.
• In order to optimize picking, you can create picking lists which
include all relevant deliveries. In order to relieve the work for
the picker, you can sort the list according to storage bin and
material and also sum up the quantities per material.
• The R/3 System can create transfer orders either on-line or as
a background job to be executed during off-peak hours.

• Packing is primarily the process of assigning delivery items to
packaging materials. This produces handling units, which can
then in turn be packed in additional packing materials.
• You can use as many levels as required (multilevel packing).
• You can also unpack items from handling units, as well as
emptying and deleting the handling units themselves.
• In Customizing, you specify whether each delivery item
category is relevant for packing. Possible settings are: Packing
allowed (default), packing not allowed, and packing mandatory.
The system updates the packing status for each item in the
outbound delivery, for example partially packed or fully packed.
• As standard, two output types are set up for printing:
• Packing list (at delivery level)
• Shipping label (at handling unit level) You can also define your
own output types.
• Using the delivery item category, you can specify for items with
batch split if the main item (with the accumulated quantity of the
batch split items) or the individual batch split items are to be
packed. If the individual batch split items are packed, you can
identify in which handling unit a specific batch is contained.

When you post goods issue, the system automatically:
• Updates the quantities in inventory management and
delivery requirements in materials planning
• Updates the value change in the balance sheet accounts
for inventory accounting (the postings from the relevant
accounting document are based on the cost of the
material)
• Generates additional documents for accounting, for
example, for controlling
• Generates the billing due list
• Updates the status in all relevant sales documents

• You can create an invoice for one delivery or sales order.
• You can group invoices using selection criteria, such as
customer, billing date and destination country.
• The SAP System can combine deliveries into a billing
document, provided these deliveries share some essential
billing characteristics, for example:
– Payer
– Billing date
– Destination country
• The SAP System can create invoices either online or as a
background job to be executed during off-peak hours.

• A sales document includes two levels: header and item.
The data is distributed as follows:
The data for the document header is valid for the entire
document. This includes, for example, data about the payer
and billing date.
• Billing document items
Each item in the sales document contains its own data. This
includes, for example, details about the material, billing
quantities and net values for the items. Each billing document
can have several items.
• To process billing documents efficiently, the data can be read
and processed in different views. The views are grouped into
overview, header and item screens.

• When you save the billing document, the system automatically
generates all the required documents for accounting. In
accounting, the R/3 system carries out a debit posting on the
customer receivables account and a credit posting on the revenue
account.
• The accounting document contains all the completed postings in
financial accounting that refer back to pricing in SD, for example,
the receivable on the customer account or the obtained net sales
and taxes on the relevant G/L accounts.
• When you save the billing document, further documents for
accounting can be automatically generated by the system, for
example, for the components Controlling (CO), profitability
analysis, market segment analysis (CO-PA) or consolidation (FI-
LC).
• When the billing document is posted, the following also occurs:
• the status in all related sales, delivery and billing documents, is
updated
• the sales statistics in the sales information system are updated
• the customer credit account is updated

• The documents in a sales process are linked to each other
using the document flow. This enables you to access the
history and current status of your sales processes at any time.
• You can display the document flow as a list of linked
documents. All preceding and succeeding documents are
displayed, depending on the document you call the list from.
• From this list, you can display the relevant documents or call
up status overviews for the documents.
• This provides an overview of the development of your sales
processes at any time, and you can answer customer
questions quickly and reliably.

• The document flow is updated on the document header and
document line level.
• Only sales documents contain schedule lines. Since each
schedule line contains its own delivery date, each deliverable
schedule line becomes an item in a delivery document.
Therefore delivery documents and billing documents do not
need schedule lines.

• Sales Process begins with Order Entry and Saving of Sales Order
Document
• All Order related Checks, Blocks and Rejections are Performed before
Saving the Order
• Material Availability, Plant Check are Performed
• Sales Order entries like Quantity, Ship-to-Party, Pricing Date,
Incoterms and Payterms can be modified
• Sales Order cannot be deleted once the subsequent delivery or billing
document are generated

• Sales Area and Sales Document Type are the pre requisites for entering the
Order
• Every Sales Document will have a Internal or a External Number Range
associated with it
• The Key Processes like Pricing and Billing are dependant on Sales
Document
• Sales Document and subsequent Delivery and Billing Documents are linked
through Copy Controls

LOGISTICS EXECUTION
LOGISTICS EXECUTION INCLUDES :
• GOODS RECEIPTS PROCESS
• GOODS ISSUE PROCESS
• INTERNAL WAREHOUSE PROCESS
• SHIPMENT PROCESS

FUNCTIONS IN SHIPPING PROCESS
• MONITORING OF DEADLINES
• CREATING AND PROCESSING OUTBOUND DELIVERIES
• MONITORING GOODS AVAILABILITY
• PICKING
• PACKING
• PROCESSING GOODS ISSUE
• CONTROLLING DELIVERY

SHIPPING POINT
• A SHIPPING POINT IS AN INDEPENNDENT ORG. UNIT AT A FIXED
LOCATION THAT PROCESSES AND MONITORS OUT-BOUND DELIVERIES
AS WELL AS GOODS ISSUE.
• AN OUTBOUND DELIVERY IS PROCESSED FROM A SINGLE SHIPPING
POINT.
• THE RESPONSIBLE SHIPPING POINT IS DETERMINED IN THE ORDER AT
ITEM LEVEL.

SHIPPING POINT DETERMINATION
SHIPPING POINT DEPENDS ON THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA;
• DELIVERING PLANT
• SHIPPING CONDITIONS
• LOADING GROUP

ROUTE
• THE ROUTE SPECIFIES THE DETAILS OF SHIPMENT AND DEFINES
OTHER FACTORS SUCH AS MEANS OF TRANSPORT
• A ROUTE CONTAINS STAGES.

ROUTE DETERMINATION
ROUTE DETERMINATION CONSISTS OF
• DEPARTURE ZONE SHIPPING POINT
• SHIPPING CONDITIONS
• TRANSPORTATION GROUP
• TRANSPORTATION ZONE

PICKING
PICKING IS THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THE GOODS FOR DELIVERY
TO THE CUSTOMER WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION PAID TO DATES,
QUANTITY AND QUALITY.

TRANSFER ORDER
A TRANSFER ORDER IS AN INSTRUCTION TO MOVE MATERIALS FROM
A SOURCE STORAGE BIN TO A DESTINATION STORAGE BIN WITHIN A
WARE HOUSE COMPLEX.

PACKING
• PACKING FUNCTION IS AVAILABLE IN
– ORDERS
– OUT-BOUND DELIVERY
– SHIPMENT DOCUMENT
• PACKING PROPOSAL FROM THE ORDER CAN BE COPIED TO THE
OUTBOUND DELIVERY.

GOODS ISSUE
• POSTING GOODS ISSUE COMPLETES THE WHOLE SHIPPING
ACTIVITY.
• GOODS ISSUE APPLIES TO WHOLE OUTBOUND DELIVERY.
• POSTING GOODS ISSUE REQUIRES THAT ALL MANDATORY
SHIPPING ACTIVITIES HAVE BEEN PERFORMED.

EFFECTS OF POST-GOODS ISSUE
• REDUCES WARE- HOUSE STOCK
• POSTS THE VALUE CHANGE TO THE STOCK ACCOUNTS
• REDUCES DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS
• ENTERS STATUS INFORMATION IN OUTBOUND DELIVERY
• IS STORED IN THE DOCUMENT FLOW
• CREATES A WORKLIST FOR BILLING.

CONTENTS
• CREATING A BILLING DOCUMENT
• RELEASING A BILLING DOCUMENT
• TYPES OF SETTELEMENTS
• SPECIAL BUSINESS TRANJSACTIONS
• ACCOUNT DETERMINATION

CROSS FUNCTIONAL
INTEGRATIONS
SD/FI INTEGRATION

• This slide represents the relationship between the processes
in sales order processing in the SAP System. The sequence
from top to bottom represents the order of events in the sales
process.
• The boxes represent sales and financial accounting
documents.
• Sales activities and promotions are documents for sales
support in pre-sales.
• Sales documents are documents that are entered during pre-
sales and sales order processing. Inquiries, quotations,
contracts, scheduling agreements and standard orders are
examples of sales document types.
• Outbound deliveries, transfer orders and shipments are
documents in shipping processing.
• The goods issue document contains changes involving stock
and is the basis for the relevant accounting documents.
• The billing document is a document in billing and is the basis
for the relevant accounting documents.
• The left and right sections of this slide represent key interfaces
between Sales and Distribution and the Sales Information
System (SAP data warehouse), Materials Management and
Production Planning.
Transaction Flow

Billing Document: Release To Accounting

• The system sends billing data in invoices, credit memos, and
debit memos to Financial Accounting and posts them to the
correct accounts.
• The following data can be changed before an accounting
document is created:
– Billing date
– Pricing
– Account Determination
– Output determination data
• Once the billing document has been released to accounts,
you can only change output data.
Billing Document: Release To Accounting

• Normally, the system automatically transfers accounting-
related data to Financial Accounting.
• However, you might not want the data to be transferred
automatically for certain billing types. In that case, you can
set a posting block for the billing type concerned.
• The system will then generate the accounting documents
only after you have released the billing documents.
• This allows you to generate SD billing documents first, then
print out the billing documents and finally, transfer them to
Financial Accounting. In this way you can improve system
performance, for example.
• Note: The system either generates all or none of the
accounting documents. This means that if the posting block
is active, or errors have occurred during account
determination, the system will not create CO documents. The
accounting documents will not be created until you have de-
activated the block or corrected the error.

• When you save the billing document, the system
automatically generates all the required documents for
accounting. In accounting, the R/3 system carries out a debit
posting on the customer receivables account and a credit
posting on the revenue account.
• The accounting document contains all the completed postings
in financial accounting that refer back to pricing in SD, for
example, the receivable on the customer account or the
obtained net sales and taxes on the relevant G/L accounts.
• When you save the billing document, further documents for
accounting can be automatically generated by the system, for
example, for the components Controlling (CO), profitability
analysis, market segment analysis (CO-PA) or consolidation
(FI-LC).
• When the billing document is posted, the following also
occurs:
– the status in all related sales, delivery and billing documents,
is updated
– the sales statistics in the sales information system are
updated
– the customer credit account is updated

When you post goods issue, the system automatically:
• Updates the quantities in inventory management and
delivery requirements in materials planning
• Updates the value change in the balance sheet
accounts for inventory accounting (the postings from the
relevant accounting document are based on the cost of
the material)
• Generates additional documents for accounting, for
example, for controlling
• Generates the billing due list
• Updates the status in all relevant sales documents

•On the Sales and Distribution tab page in the material master
you can: enter in Gen./Plant in the availability check field,
which and/or what type of availability check should be carried
out for this material during order processing.
•There are also various tables in Customizing, on which the
availability check is also dependent.

• The material availability date is determined from delivery
scheduling. On this date, enough material has to be available
in time for delivery to the customer for their requested
delivery date.
• The system calculates this date, working backwards from
the customer's requested delivery date.
• The system calculates the time required for picking,
packing, loading and transporting the goods.

• In Customizing, you can configure which elements are included
in an availability check, according to the transaction you are
using. In this way, you define which types of stock (for example,
safety, stock in transfer or stock in quality inspection), which
inward movements (for example, purchase or production orders)
and which outward movements (for example, sales orders,
reservations from Materials Management) should be included in
the check.

• The Sales Information System (SIS) belongs to Sales and Distribution. With
SIS, you can compress data from sales documents to obtain information
which will help you make strategic business decisions. SIS contains
standard analyses as well as flexible analyses to help you evaluate
statistical data.
• SAP provides list functions to create worklists in sales, delivery, picking, and
billing.
• The Logistics Information Library allows you to integrate standard and
flexible analyses as well as your own reports. You can structure and
enhance the information library as you require.
• If the standard reports do not fulfill your requirements, you can use ABAP
queries to extract information from the database into a report.

• The R/3 System provides lists to support the entire sales order
management cycle.
• Lists fall into two categories.
• Online lists: Online lists display, for example, sales, delivery, or billing
documents for a customer, a material, or a combination of both. Other
online lists display documents with a certain status that requires action from
someone (for instance, all documents blocked for delivery).
• Worklists: Worklists allow you to select certain tasks in sales and
distribution for processing. You select the tasks according to your area of
responsibility and to various selection criteria (such as, date, organizational
element, or customer).

• The SAP Open Information Warehouse allows you to view data from a
variety of business perspectives.
• Decision makers can carry out multi-level analyses on data specific to one
application or a variety of applications.
• The Logistics Information System (LIS) is used to review and analyze key
figures throughout the entire Logistics area in the R/3 System.

• A series of application-specific information systems are available in LIS
which have a standardized interface and similar basic functionality.
• The following information systems are available in Logistics:
- SIS: Sales Information System
- PURCHIS: Purchasing Information System
- INVCO: Inventory Controlling
- TIS: Transportation Information System
- FIS: Shop Floor Information System
- QMIS: Quality Management Information System
- PMIS: Plant Maintenance Information System

• The Sales Information System is based on information structures. These
are special statistic tables which contain transactional data from the
different applications. This data is constantly collected and updated by the
system.
• Information structures contain three basic types of information:
• Characteristics are criteria which you specify to collect data on a certain
subject. In SD, you normally require sales information on sales
organizations, sales offices, customers, and materials.
• A period unit is also a criterion used in information structures. You can
collect data for a particular period, for example, for a day, a week, a month,
or a posting period.
• Key figures are performance measures. They provide important business
information specific to a characteristic. Incoming order, sales volume, and
returns, for example, are critical in SD.

• There are several standard information structures for Sales and Distribution
available in the R/3 System (for example, S001 to S006). You can use the
standard analyses to evaluate data without having to make additional
settings in Customizing.
• There are also information structures available in the standard system for
internal use: for example, information structures for Credit Management,
Rebate Processing, Sales Support, or for processing contracts.
• Alternatively, you can create your own information structures in Customizing
using the name range S501 to S999.

• Standard analyses provide extensive functions to create sophisticated
presentations and analyses for the data.
• The analysis is based on the information structures. In the first step, you
select the required data scope according to the characteristics and the
period of the info structure. This data is displayed in an initial list. A variety
of drill-down features are available in the lists. Each analysis can be saved.
• You can call up the standard transactions directly from the current analysis
to display, for example, master data or document information.
• You can use a wide range of tools to analyze the selected data and present
the results. These include cumulative frequency curves, ABC analyses, time
series, correlation, Top N evaluations, and other tools for comparison.
You can then graphically display this data.
• In addition, the results of the analyses can be
- printed
- downloaded as a file to your local PC
- downloaded into a spreadsheet program
- sent to one or more employees using the SAP R/3 Office component.

• Flexible analyses in the LIS allow you to determine the way in which data
should be combined in an individual report procurement
• You define the form and the contents of the required list via the menu. The
relevant program will then be generated in the background. The resulting list
provides a variety of possibilities for interactive online processing.
• This procedure enables you to :
- Combine characteristics and key figures from different information
structures in one list
- Use your own formulas to calculate new key figures from existing ones
- Choose between a variety of layouts.

SD-Domain Overview.ppt

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