Server Management and Administration Introduction

Server Management &
Administration

10/03/2025 2
Subject Outline
• T1:Client/Server architecture & NOS Introduction
• T2: DNS and DHCP server management
• T3: Database and Web servers management
• T4: Storage Management
• T5:System backup and Archiving
• T6: Datacenter architecture
• T7: IT Monitoring
• T8: IT governance
• [Optional]: Server Virtualization

10/03/2025 4
How Internet Works

10/03/2025 5
How Internet Works?
Internet is actually
Interconnected Servers
Each Server has its own task

10/03/2025 6
How Internet Works

10/03/2025 7
How Internet Works

10/03/2025 9
2-Tiers vs. Multi-Tiers Servers

10/03/2025 10
The digital world in 1second

10/03/2025 11
How big is the data storage market

10/03/2025 12
How big is the data storage market

Introduction to
computing Paradigms

10/03/2025 15
Computing Evolution
•Computing: designing and building hardware and
software systems for a wide range of purposes:
• processing, structuring, and managing various kinds of information;
• doing scientific studies using computers; making computer systems behave
intelligently;
• creating and using communications and entertainment media;
• finding and gathering information relevant to any particular purpose, and so on.
ACM Computing Curricula 2005

10/03/2025 16
Computing Overview
• In the early days of computers, computer systems were
standalone systems
• there were no connections.
• had their own set of terminal and printer, and process data
independently.
• might used different operating system and software programs.
• Different and duplicated stored data forms.
• Inability to connect among each others.

10/03/2025 17
Computing Overview
• standalone systems
How was the
world
without
networks/com
munications
?!
IS it valuable for
business
environment?

10/03/2025 18
Computing Overview
• How came First :
• PC
• Mainframe
• Server

10/03/2025 19
Computing Evolution

Centralized Processing
 A host computer (often a mainframe) handles
all processing,
 including input, output, data storage and retrieval.
 Dump terminals can be used for data entry or
remote access
 (NO PROCESSING).

Distributed Computing
• A collection of interconnected independent computers collaborate to
handle the processing.
•Independent?
• Each node (computer ) has its own resources (CPU, storage, memory,…).
• No shared memory.
• The end user fully utilizes his/her node, as well as, the resources of the remote
computer.

• world wide web (internet). Is the famous example.
• When you use a browser to visit a web site, a program such as Internet Explorer
runs on local system and interacts with a program(known as web server) which
runs on remote system to fetch a file or resource.
•I have full access on my
PC/Laptop (Independent)
•I can access any resource on
the internet (Interconnected)

• What are the kinds of Distributed Computing?

• There are two models of distributed paradigm:
Asymmetric relation
Different Nodes with Different Roles
symmetric relation
Different Nodes with Same Roles

Peer-to-peer model
A class of decentralized, self-
organizing distributed systems, in
which all or most communication
is symmetric.” (IPTPS’02)
The load is divided among all the
involved components.
Each node is considered as both
server and client. (symmetric relation)
Each node contribute some
processing power and memory.

10/03/2025 27
P2P model Application
Computation
• E.g. Seti@Home (Astronomy), UnitedDevices (Cancer Research), and
Gnome@home.
File Sharing
• Napster, FastTrack (KaZaA, iMesh), Gnutella (LimeWire, BearShare), Overnet,
BitTorrent, etc
Content Streaming
• Pplive, SplitStream, etc
• The first few users get the stream from the server
• New users get the stream from the server or from users who are already
receiving the stream.

10/03/2025 28
P2P model Application
Backup storage (HiveNet, OceanStore)
Collaborative environments (Groove Networks)
Web serving communities (uServ)
Instant messaging (Yahoo, AOL)
Anonymous email
Censorship-resistant publishing systems
(Ethernity, Freenet)
Spam filtering.

10/03/2025 29
Client Server Model
It is the most prevalent model for distributed computing protocols.
It is the basis of all distributed computing paradigms at a higher level
of abstraction.
It is service-oriented, and employs a request-response protocol.

Client-Server Model
•Each component of a
client-server system has
the role of either client or
server (Asymmetric
Relation)
• Client: a component that
makes requests
clients are active initiators
of transactions
• Server: a component that
satisfies requests
servers are passive and
react to client requests.

10/03/2025 31
Client-Server Model
• Server
• manage network resources like Disk drives (file servers), Printers (print
servers), and Network traffic (network servers)
• Client
• Initiate the service (e.g. email client to send an email/ web browser to open
website)
• Rely on servers for: Files, Devices, Processing power.
• Fat client vs. Thin Client

10/03/2025 32
Client-Server Model
• Which is the best?
• P2P
• Client-Server

10/03/2025 34
Fat client vs. Thin Client
• Fat Server Thin Client
• Thin Server Fat Client

10/03/2025 35
Fat clients (thin server)
The bulk of the application is running on the client
The client knows how the data is organized and where it is
Different clients access the same applications different ways
Fat servers (thin client)
The server more complicated
The clients are less complex
More of the code runs on the server
The network interaction is minimized

10/03/2025 36
Data Management
Application Logic
Presentation
3 Logical Tiers
1
2
3
Thin
Client
Fat
Client
2 Client Types

10/03/2025 37
Server Types
File servers
File sharing and file processing
Data base servers
Passing file results
Example: Query in DBMS server
Typically one single request/reply
Transaction servers
Transaction server includes DBMS and transaction
monitoring
Server has remote procedures run online by the client
web servers
 Super-fat servers and thin clients
Uses HTTP protocol
Java was first to introduce interactive C/S forms.

Two-Tier vs. Three-Tier Architecture
Two-tier servers
Examples: file servers and database server
The process (application logic) is buried within the client or server (or both)
Three-tier servers
Examples: Web and distributed objects
The process is run on the middle-tier – separated from the user and data
interface
They can integrate the data from multiple sources
More robust and more scalable

10/03/2025 39

10/03/2025 40
Tier 1
Tier 2
(middlew
Tier 3

10/03/2025 41

Middleware Software
a set of common business-unaware services that
enable applications (server) and end users (client)
to interact with each other across a network.
Allowing the client request for a service and the server providing it
Middleware can also be between server/server
Two broad classes
General
LAN servers, TCP/IP, Communication stacks, Queuing services, etc.
Application specific
Used to accomplish a specific task
Groupware specific: SMTP
Internet specific: HTTP
Database specific: SQL

10/03/2025 43
Middleware Software
Web Browser
GUI
OS
Service-Specific; DSM
NOS (security, peer-to-peer,
directory, distributed files);
Transport stack (TCP/IP)
Web server
Groupware
DBMS
Etc.
Client
Middleware
Server
DSM: Distributed Shared Memory

10/03/2025 44
Client/Server vs. P2P

10/03/2025 45
Client/Server vs. P2P
24x7 Accessibility:
Improved Collaboration
Centralized, Client Backups
Remote Access
Server Backups
Enhanced Security
Better Client Performance
Shared, System-Wide Services
Enhanced Reliability
Business Growth

10/03/2025 46
Server Management
Server Management refers to the servers’ monitoring and
maintenance.
Maintenance ensures that every hardware and software run at its optimal
capabilities.
Monitoring involves keeping track of every metric and parameter that may
affect your server performing at full capacity.
How to do that?
This is the core of UCCN3004

Server Management and Administration Introduction

More Related Content

Similar to Server Management and Administration Introduction (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Server Management and Administration Introduction