Serverless Kubernetes: Introduction to K8s, Knative by RedHat

1
Kubernetes Serverless
With Knative, Tekton
Burr Sutter (burrsutter.com)
@burrsutter - bit.ly/serverlesskube
http://bit.ly/knative-tutorial

http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/bruce-lee/images/27605335/title/way-
dragon-photo
http://gonewiththetwins.com/new/way-dragon-return-dragon-1972/

@burrsutter
Burr Sutter (burrsutter.com)
● Currently Red Hat’s Global Director of Developer
Experience
● Featured speaker at technology events around the globe
● A Java Champion since 2005
● Former President of the Atlanta Java User Group
● Founded the DevNexus conference
● Always looking for technologies that enable developers
to deliver better software, faster
● bit.ly/kubernetes-tutorial
● bit.ly/istio-tutorial
● bit.ly/knative-tutorial
● bit.ly/tkn-tutorial

@burrsutter
Labs
https://dn.dev/kube-tutorial (Alex)
https://dn.dev/istio-tutorial (Alex)
https://dn.dev/knative-tutorial (Kamesh, Sebi)
https://dn.dev/quarkus-tutorial (Sebi, Edson)
https://dn.dev/kafka-tutorial (Edson, Alex)
https://dn.dev/tekton-tutorial (Kamesh)
https://dn.dev/containers-tutorial (Elder)
Learning Resources

Kubernetes Serverless with
Knative
Kubernetes Basics
(9 Steps to Awesome)
Istio
(Enter the Service Mesh)
Knative
(Kubernetes Serverless)
Microservices Serverless/PaaS
https://www.oreilly.com/live-training/
Control-F and search for "burr"

Download

Exercise Setup
https://github.com/redhat-developer-demos/knative-tutorial
Testing/Demo Scripts
https://github.com/burrsutter/scripts-knative
https://github.com/burrsutter/sidebyside
https://github.com/burrsutter/knative-kafka

• Setup
• Serving: Deploy Knative Service & Revisions
• Configurations & Routes
• Auto-scaling
• Build (Tekton)
• Eventing
Knative Tutorial Exercises (bit.ly/knative-tutorial)

Knative's Primary Components
Serving
Build
Eventing
X Replaced by Tekton

Your Journey to Awesomeness
Self-Service,
On-Demand,
Elastic
Infrastructur
e
Automation CI & CD
Deployment
Pipeline
Advanced
Deployment
Techniques
Microservices
Re-Org to
DevOps

We cannot solve our problems
with the same thinking we used
when we created them.
Albert Einstein
(Theoretical Physicist)

Monolith
MyApp

The Application

Modules

Microservices

Network of Services

Microservices own their Data

Multiple Points of Entry

Teams & Pipelines

Serverless Kubernetes: Introduction to K8s, Knative by RedHat

“Change is the essential
process of all of
existence.”
—SPOCK

Let there be Functions?

Love Thy Mono
Every 4 months Every week/day/hour

Serverless
https://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2019/EECS-2019-3.pdf

Short History of Serverless
AWS
S3
March
2006
AWS
Lambda
November
2014
AWS
EC2
August
2006
Serverless
Described
Thoughtworks
August 2016
Serverless
Coined
October
2012
Serverless
Assess
Thoughtworks
Radar
April 2016
AWS
Dynamo
DB
January
2012
Firebase
September
2011
Iron.io
July
2011
Google
Cloud
Function
Feb 2016
Azure
Functions
Mar 2016
Pivotal
Riff
Dec 2017
Oracle
Functions
Sept 2016
IBM
Bluemix
OpenWhisk
Feb 2016
Oracle
Fn Project
Oct 2017

The first question is “is there a suitable service I can
consume?” before “is there something I can buy and
set up using a cloud provider?”.
Thoughtworks Nov 29 2017

It is Serverless
because of BaaS/SaaS
(managed by another party services).

It is all about the Services

API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
HTTP Input/Output Service

API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
SSO-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Authentication Service

Storage-as-a-Service
A
P
I
API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
SSO-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
File Storage Service

A
P
I
API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
Cache-as-a-
Service
API
DB-as-a-
Service
API
SSO-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Data Services

A
P
I
API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
Messaging
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Cache-as-a-
Service
API
DB-as-a-
Service
API
Notifications
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
A
P
I
SSO-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Connectivity Services

A
P
I
API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
My
Microservic
e
A
My
Microservic
e
B
My
Microservic
e
C
Messaging
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Cache-as-a-
Service
API
DB-as-a-
Service
API
Notifications
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
A
P
I
SSO-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Your Containerized Services

A
P
I
API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
My
Microservic
e
A
Function
1
My
Microservic
e
B
My
Microservic
e
C
Function
2
Function
3
Function
4
Messaging
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Cache-as-a-
Service
API
DB-as-a-
Service
API
Notifications
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
A
P
I
SSO-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Event-Driven Input
Function
5

A
P
I
API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
My
Microservic
e
A
Function
1
My
Microservic
e
B
My
Microservic
e
C
Function
2
Function
3
Function
7
Function
4
Function
6
Messaging
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Cache-as-a-
Service
API
DB-as-a-
Service
API
Notifications
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
A
P
I
SSO-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Event-Driven Output
Function
5

A
P
I
API
Gateway
-as-a-
Service
My
Microservic
e
A
Function
1
My
Microservic
e
B
My
Microservic
e
C
Function
2
Function
3
Function
7
Function
4
Function
6
Messaging
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Cache-as-a-
Service
API
DB-as-a-
Service
API
Notifications
-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
A
P
I
SSO-as-a-
Service
A
P
I
Synergy
Function
5

Microservices Serverless
Functions
Your Control
Long-Lived Processes
Known Programming Model
Often Sync Request-Response
Mature:
IDE Integration
Debuggers
Tracers
Monitoring
CI/CD
Cloud Control
Short-Lived Processes
New Programming Model
Event-Driven Async
Immature:
?

Microservices Serverless
Functions
Your Control
Long-Lived Processes
Known Programming Model
Often Sync Request-Response
Mature:
IDE Integration
Debuggers
Tracers
Monitoring
CI/CD
Cloud Control
Short-Lived Processes
New Programming Model
Event-Driven Async
Immature:
?
Knative

FaaS

FaaS Kubernetes Players

Knative
https://github.com/knative

Knative Announced July 24 2018

FaaS Kubernetes Players
Why?

Primitives
Kubernetes
Deploymen
t
Replicaset Pod Service
(tekton) Autoscaling
Invokers Event Binding
Routing
Observability
DX Functions Event Sources Build Tools
Knative
Vendors FaaS Stuff
Serverless
Stuff

"Kubernetes-based platform to build, deploy, and manage modern
serverless workloads."
"Essential base primitives for all"
"Knative provides a set of middleware components that are essential
to build modern, source-centric, and container-based applications that
can run anywhere: on premises, in the cloud, or even in a third-party
data center"
What is Knative?

• Scale-to-zero: No pod == no memory
• Scale-from-zero: Traffic spike starts N pods
• Configurations & Revisions - built-in Blue/Green
• In-Cluster Image Building (Tekton)
• Traffic splitting
• Eventing System
Interesting Capabilities

Exercises
bit.ly/knative-tutorial
https://github.com/burrsutter/scripts-knative

Knative Serving

Knative Serving
kubectl get crd | grep serving
configurations.serving.knative.dev
revisions.serving.knative.dev
routes.serving.knative.dev
services.serving.knative.dev

Knative Serving Autoscaler
kubectl -n knative-serving edit
configmap config-autoscaler
container-concurrency-target-default: "100"
scale-to-zero-grace-period: 60s
stable-window: 30s

Deployment
Replicaset
Pod
Service Pod
Pod
kubectl apply -f Deployment.yaml

kubectl apply -f ksvc.yaml
Deployment N
Replicaset N
Pod
Service
Pod
Pod N
Configuration
Revision N
serving.knative.dev/v1alpha1
Service
Route
Service

kubectl apply -f ksvc.yaml
Deployment N
Replicaset N
Pod
Service
Pod
Pod N
Configuration
Revision N
Knative Gateway
VirutalService
Activator
serving.knative.dev/v1alpha1
Service
Route
ImageCache
PodAutoscaler
ClusterIngress
Service

Demo/Labs

Knative Eventing

Knative Eventing
kubectl get crd | grep eventing
channels.eventing.knative.dev
subscriptions.eventing.knative.dev
cronjobsources.sources.eventing.knative.dev
githubsources.sources.eventing.knative.dev
kuberneteseventsources.sources.eventing.knative.dev
containersources.sources.eventing.knative.dev

Knative Eventing Sources
Github
Websockets
AWS SQS
GCP PubSub
Apache Kafka
Apache Camel
https://github.com/knative/eventing-contrib
https://github.com/knative/eventing-sources

Sink
Source to Sink
Knative Event Source Knative Service (ksvc)

Channel and Subscription
Knative Event
Source
Sink
Knative
Service A
(ksvc)
Sink
Channel
Knative
Service B
(ksvc)
Cloud Event
Message
Sub
Sub

Broker and Trigger
Knative Event
Source
Knative
Eventing
Trigger
Sink
broker
Knative
Eventing
Trigger
Sub
Sub
Filtered messages

Knative Build
Moving to Tekton

https://tekton.dev/

• Governed by the Continuous Delivery Foundation (cd.foundation)
• Contributions from Google, Cloudbees, IBM, Pivotal, Red Hat and more
• Originated from the Knative Build subproject
• Build your linux container images in-cluster
• Automate deployments
• Defines new Kinds via CRDs: Pipeline, Task
• Reusable Tasks (https://github.com/tektoncd/catalog)
• git clone
• mvn, bazel, s2i (python, ruby, etc)
• "docker build" (buildah, kaniko, makisu)
Pipelines - Tekton

Pipeline
Pipelines, Tasks, Steps, Resources
Task
Step
Step
Task
Step
git
imag
e
cluster
Task
Step
Step
Pipeline
Resource
Pipeline
Resource

Pipeline
Pipeline: Tasks & Steps -> Pods & Containers
Task
Step
Step
Task
Step
Step
Pod
Container
Container
Pod
Container
Container

Tutorial
https://redhat-developer-demos.github.io/tekton-tutorial/tekton-tutorial/index.html

bit.ly/knative-tutorial
https://github.com/burrsutter/sidebyside
https://github.com/burrsutter/knative-kafka
https://github.com/burrsutter/blue-green-canary
bit.ly/kubernetes-tutorial
bit.ly/istio-tutorial
bit.ly/quarkus-tutorial
Resources

bit.ly/mono2microdb

bit.ly/istiobook

Serverless Kubernetes: Introduction to K8s, Knative by RedHat

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