Sine Wave Generator with controllable frequency displayed on a seven segment board using FPGA Board
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The document describes a hardware module implementation for a digital counter utilizing a quad encoder, PWM output, and a seven-segment display. It includes debouncing logic for buttons, clock generation using a PLL, and a state machine for managing display states and digit increments. Additionally, there are mechanisms for managing the counting direction and frequency adjustments based on user input.
![module lab5(
input logic quadA,
input logic quadB,
output logic [6:0] seven_segment,
output logic [2:0] sel,
output logic [7:0] q_sig,
input logic reset_button,
output reg en2,
output reg en3,
output reg midpin,
output logic pwm_out,
output logic quad_button1,
input logic quad_button2,
input inclk0_sig
);
/////Clocks Generated from PLL
logic c0_sig;
logic c1_sig;
logic c2_sig;
logic [10:0] address_sig;
PLL PLL_inst (
.inclk0 ( inclk0_sig ),
.c0 ( c0_sig ),
//10 KHz Clock
.c1 ( c1_sig ),
// 4 KHz Clock
.c2 ( c2_sig )
// 16.77216 MHz Clock
);
Rom_Sin Rom_Sin_inst (
.address ( address_sig ),
.clock ( clock_sig ),
.q ( q_sig )
);
wire clock_sig = c2_sig;
assign en2 = 1'b0;
assign midpin = 1'b0;
assign pwm_out = 1'b0;
assign quad_button1 = 1'b0;
logic [3:0] muxo;
logic [3:0] present_state;
logic [3:0] next_state;
logic [3:0] hundreds_digit;
logic [3:0] tens_digit;
logic [3:0] thousands_digit;
logic [3:0] ones_digit;
logic [13:0] count;
logic [23:0] Add_out;
logic [23:0] DQ_out;
////Logic needed for quad encoders
logic quadA_steady1;
logic quadB_steady2;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/code-160520222833/85/Sine-Wave-Generator-with-controllable-frequency-displayed-on-a-seven-segment-board-using-FPGA-Board-1-320.jpg)
![logic quadA_steady1_past;
logic quadB_steady2_past;
wire count_enable = quadA_steady1 ^ quadA_steady1_past ^ quadB_steady2 ^
quadB_steady2_past;
wire count_rotation_direction = quadA_steady1 ^ quadB_steady2_past;
/////////////////////////Debouncer for QuadA///////////////////
logic hold_something1;
logic hold_something_else1;
logic [3:0] Switch_count1;
always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig)
begin
hold_something1 <= quadA;
hold_something_else1 <= hold_something1;
end
always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig)
if(quadA_steady1==hold_something_else1)
Switch_count1 <= 0;
else
begin
Switch_count1 <= Switch_count1 + 1; //Incrementing counter1 for
switching
if(Switch_count1 == 9)
quadA_steady1 <= ~quadA_steady1;
end
///////////////////////////////End of Quad A Debouncer//////////
/////////////////////////Debouncer for QuadB/////////////////////
logic hold_something2;
logic hold_something_else2;
logic [3:0] Switch_count2;
always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig)
begin
hold_something2 <= quadB;
hold_something_else2 <= hold_something2;
end
always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig)
if(quadB_steady2==hold_something_else2)
Switch_count2 <= 0;
else
begin
Switch_count2 <= Switch_count2 + 1; //Incrementing counter2 for
switching
if(Switch_count2 == 9)
quadB_steady2 <= ~quadB_steady2;
end
////////////////////////End of QuadB Debouncer///////////////////
/////////////////////////Debouncer for quad_button/////////////////////
logic hold_something3;
logic hold_something_else3;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/code-160520222833/85/Sine-Wave-Generator-with-controllable-frequency-displayed-on-a-seven-segment-board-using-FPGA-Board-2-320.jpg)
![logic [3:0] Switch_count3;
logic quad_button2_steady;
always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig)
begin
hold_something3 <= quad_button2;
hold_something_else3 <= hold_something3;
end
always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig)
if(quad_button2_steady==hold_something_else3)
Switch_count3 <= 0;
else
begin
Switch_count3 <= Switch_count3 + 1; //Incrementing counter2 for
switching
if(Switch_count3 == 9)
quad_button2_steady <= ~quad_button2_steady;
end
////////////////////////End of quad_button Debouncer///////////////////
///Making a new clock of 2HZ Frequency using 4 kHz Clock
logic [11:0] number;
logic newclock;
always_ff@(posedge c1_sig) begin
number <= number+1;
if (number< 2000)
newclock <= 1;
else if (number >= 2000 && number < 4000)
newclock <= 0;
else
number <=0;
end
////////////////
//////////////////////////////Mode of Incrementing////
logic [1:0] alpha;
logic [10:0] a_count;
logic tenblock_inc;
logic hundredblock_inc;
logic thousandblock_inc;
//assign alpha = 2'b01;
always_ff@(posedge newclock) begin
if (!quad_button2_steady)
alpha <= alpha+1;
end
always_comb begin
if (alpha ==0)
begin
a_count = 1;
tenblock_inc = 0;
hundredblock_inc = 0;
thousandblock_inc = 0;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/code-160520222833/85/Sine-Wave-Generator-with-controllable-frequency-displayed-on-a-seven-segment-board-using-FPGA-Board-3-320.jpg)
![end
else
begin
muxo = 9;
//Doesn't Matter
sel = 3'b011;
//Going nowhere
en3 = 1'b0;
//Also Output is disabled
end
end
///////////////////////bcd to seven segment
decoder///////////////////////////////
always_comb begin
casez (muxo) //gfedcba
4'b0000 : seven_segment = 7'b1000000; //seven
segment display of 0
4'b0001 : seven_segment = 7'b1111001; //seven
segment display of 1
4'b0010 : seven_segment = 7'b0100100; //seven
segment display of 2
4'b0011 : seven_segment = 7'b0110000; //seven
segment display of 3
4'b0100 : seven_segment = 7'b0011001; //seven
segment display of 4
4'b0101 : seven_segment = 7'b0010010; //seven
segment display of 5
4'b0110 : seven_segment = 7'b0000010; //seven
segment display of 6
4'b0111 : seven_segment = 7'b1111000; //seven
segment display of 7
4'b1000 : seven_segment = 7'b0000000; //seven
segment display of 8
4'b1001 : seven_segment = 7'b0010000; //seven
segment display of 9
4'b1111 : seven_segment = 7'b0000000; //Doesn't
Matter Not Going to Display
default : seven_segment = 7'b1000000; //seven
segment displaying 0
endcase
end
///////////////////////////////Sine Wave
Generator/////////////////////////////////
///24 bit Adder
always_comb begin
Add_out = count + DQ_out; ////Using Count
Instead of Individual Digits
end
///DQ Flip Flop
always_ff@(posedge c2_sig) begin
DQ_out <= Add_out;
end
////Extracting the higher order bits for address assignment
always_comb begin
address_sig[10:0] = DQ_out[23:13];
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/code-160520222833/85/Sine-Wave-Generator-with-controllable-frequency-displayed-on-a-seven-segment-board-using-FPGA-Board-11-320.jpg)
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Sine Wave Generator with controllable frequency displayed on a seven segment board using FPGA Board
- 1. module lab5( input logic quadA, input logic quadB, output logic [6:0] seven_segment, output logic [2:0] sel, output logic [7:0] q_sig, input logic reset_button, output reg en2, output reg en3, output reg midpin, output logic pwm_out, output logic quad_button1, input logic quad_button2, input inclk0_sig ); /////Clocks Generated from PLL logic c0_sig; logic c1_sig; logic c2_sig; logic [10:0] address_sig; PLL PLL_inst ( .inclk0 ( inclk0_sig ), .c0 ( c0_sig ), //10 KHz Clock .c1 ( c1_sig ), // 4 KHz Clock .c2 ( c2_sig ) // 16.77216 MHz Clock ); Rom_Sin Rom_Sin_inst ( .address ( address_sig ), .clock ( clock_sig ), .q ( q_sig ) ); wire clock_sig = c2_sig; assign en2 = 1'b0; assign midpin = 1'b0; assign pwm_out = 1'b0; assign quad_button1 = 1'b0; logic [3:0] muxo; logic [3:0] present_state; logic [3:0] next_state; logic [3:0] hundreds_digit; logic [3:0] tens_digit; logic [3:0] thousands_digit; logic [3:0] ones_digit; logic [13:0] count; logic [23:0] Add_out; logic [23:0] DQ_out; ////Logic needed for quad encoders logic quadA_steady1; logic quadB_steady2;
- 2. logic quadA_steady1_past; logic quadB_steady2_past; wire count_enable = quadA_steady1 ^ quadA_steady1_past ^ quadB_steady2 ^ quadB_steady2_past; wire count_rotation_direction = quadA_steady1 ^ quadB_steady2_past; /////////////////////////Debouncer for QuadA/////////////////// logic hold_something1; logic hold_something_else1; logic [3:0] Switch_count1; always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig) begin hold_something1 <= quadA; hold_something_else1 <= hold_something1; end always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig) if(quadA_steady1==hold_something_else1) Switch_count1 <= 0; else begin Switch_count1 <= Switch_count1 + 1; //Incrementing counter1 for switching if(Switch_count1 == 9) quadA_steady1 <= ~quadA_steady1; end ///////////////////////////////End of Quad A Debouncer////////// /////////////////////////Debouncer for QuadB///////////////////// logic hold_something2; logic hold_something_else2; logic [3:0] Switch_count2; always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig) begin hold_something2 <= quadB; hold_something_else2 <= hold_something2; end always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig) if(quadB_steady2==hold_something_else2) Switch_count2 <= 0; else begin Switch_count2 <= Switch_count2 + 1; //Incrementing counter2 for switching if(Switch_count2 == 9) quadB_steady2 <= ~quadB_steady2; end ////////////////////////End of QuadB Debouncer/////////////////// /////////////////////////Debouncer for quad_button///////////////////// logic hold_something3; logic hold_something_else3;
- 3. logic [3:0] Switch_count3; logic quad_button2_steady; always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig) begin hold_something3 <= quad_button2; hold_something_else3 <= hold_something3; end always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig) if(quad_button2_steady==hold_something_else3) Switch_count3 <= 0; else begin Switch_count3 <= Switch_count3 + 1; //Incrementing counter2 for switching if(Switch_count3 == 9) quad_button2_steady <= ~quad_button2_steady; end ////////////////////////End of quad_button Debouncer/////////////////// ///Making a new clock of 2HZ Frequency using 4 kHz Clock logic [11:0] number; logic newclock; always_ff@(posedge c1_sig) begin number <= number+1; if (number< 2000) newclock <= 1; else if (number >= 2000 && number < 4000) newclock <= 0; else number <=0; end //////////////// //////////////////////////////Mode of Incrementing//// logic [1:0] alpha; logic [10:0] a_count; logic tenblock_inc; logic hundredblock_inc; logic thousandblock_inc; //assign alpha = 2'b01; always_ff@(posedge newclock) begin if (!quad_button2_steady) alpha <= alpha+1; end always_comb begin if (alpha ==0) begin a_count = 1; tenblock_inc = 0; hundredblock_inc = 0; thousandblock_inc = 0;
- 4. end else if (alpha ==1) begin a_count = 10; tenblock_inc = 1; hundredblock_inc = 0; thousandblock_inc = 0; end else if (alpha ==2) begin a_count = 100; tenblock_inc = 0; hundredblock_inc = 1; thousandblock_inc = 0; end else ///// (alpha ==3) begin a_count = 1000; tenblock_inc = 0; hundredblock_inc = 0; thousandblock_inc = 1; end end //////////////////////////////////End of Mode Incrementing//////////////////// //////////////////////////////Quad Encoder////////////////////////////////////////// always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig) begin quadA_steady1_past <= quadA_steady1; quadB_steady2_past <= quadB_steady2; end always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig or negedge reset_button) begin if (!reset_button) count <=1000; else begin if(count_enable)//////////////////////////////Either Increment or decrement count begin if(count_rotation_direction) begin if (count<9999) count <= count+a_count;/////////////////////////Increment Count else count <= count; end else ////////////////////////////////////////decrement count begin if (count>0) count <= count-a_count; else count <= 0;
- 5. end end end end /////////////////////////////Separating digits///////////////////////////////////// always_ff@(posedge inclk0_sig or negedge reset_button) begin if (!reset_button) begin ones_digit <=0; tens_digit <=0; hundreds_digit <=0; thousands_digit <=1; end else begin if(count_enable)//////////////////////////////Either Increment or decrement begin if(count_rotation_direction) //Clockwise Rotation begin if (ones_digit ==9 && tens_digit ==9 && hundreds_digit ==9 && thousands_digit ==9) begin ones_digit <=9; tens_digit <=9; hundreds_digit <=9; thousands_digit <=9; end else /////////Increment Digits Normally begin if (tenblock_inc == 0 && hundredblock_inc == 0 && thousandblock_inc == 0) begin if (ones_digit <9) ones_digit <= ones_digit+1; else // Ones digit is 9 begin ones_digit <= 0; if (tens_digit <9) tens_digit <= tens_digit+1; else //Tens digit is 9 begin tens_digit <= 0; if (hundreds_digit <9) hundreds_digit <= hundreds_digit+1; else //Hundreds digit is 9 begin hundreds_digit <= 0; if (thousands_digit <9) thousands_digit
- 6. <=thousands_digit+1; else //Thousands digit is 9 thousands_digit <=0; //Does'nt even happen end end end end /////////////////Increment Digits by tens else if (tenblock_inc == 1 && hundredblock_inc == 0 && thousandblock_inc == 0) begin if (tens_digit <9) tens_digit <= tens_digit+1; else //Tens digit is 9 begin tens_digit <= 0; if (hundreds_digit <9) hundreds_digit <= hundreds_digit+1; else //Hundreds digit is 9 begin hundreds_digit <= 0; if (thousands_digit <9) thousands_digit <=thousands_digit+1; else //Thousands digit is 9 thousands_digit <=9; end end end ///////////////Increment Digts by Hundreds else if (tenblock_inc == 0 && hundredblock_inc == 1 && thousandblock_inc == 0) begin if (hundreds_digit <9) hundreds_digit <= hundreds_digit+1; else //Hundreds digit is 9 begin hundreds_digit <= 0; if (thousands_digit <9) thousands_digit <=thousands_digit+1; else //Thousands digit is 9 thousands_digit <=9; end end ///////////////////Increment by thousands else //if (tenblock_inc == 0 && hundredblock_inc == 0 && thousandblock_inc == 1) begin if (thousands_digit <9) thousands_digit <=thousands_digit+1; else //Thousands digit is 9
- 7. thousands_digit <=9; end end end /////////////////////////////////////////////////////Anticlockwise Rotation else begin if (ones_digit ==0 && tens_digit ==0 && hundreds_digit ==0 && thousands_digit ==0) begin ones_digit <=0; tens_digit <=0; hundreds_digit <=0; thousands_digit <=0; end else begin //////////////////////////Normal Decrement if (tenblock_inc == 0 && hundredblock_inc == 0 && thousandblock_inc == 0) begin if (ones_digit >0 && ones_digit <10) ones_digit <= ones_digit-1; else // Ones digit is 0 begin ones_digit <=9; if (tens_digit >0 && tens_digit <10) tens_digit <= tens_digit-1; else //Tens digit is 0 begin tens_digit<= 9; if (hundreds_digit>0 && hundreds_digit <10) hundreds_digit <= hundreds_digit- 1; else //Hundreds Digit is 0 begin hundreds_digit<=9; if (thousands_digit >0 && thousands_digit <10) thousands_digit <= thousands_digit-1; else //Thousands Digit is 0 thousands_digit <= 9; end end end end ////////Decrement by tens else if (tenblock_inc == 1 && hundredblock_inc == 0 && thousandblock_inc == 0) begin
- 8. if (tens_digit >0 && tens_digit <10) tens_digit <= tens_digit-1; else //Tens digit is 0 begin tens_digit<= 9; if (hundreds_digit>0 && hundreds_digit <10) hundreds_digit <= hundreds_digit- 1; else //Hundreds Digit is 0 begin hundreds_digit<=9; if (thousands_digit >0 && thousands_digit <10) thousands_digit <= thousands_digit-1; else //Thousands Digit is 0 thousands_digit <= 0; end end end ///Decrement by Hundred else if (tenblock_inc == 0 && hundredblock_inc == 1 && thousandblock_inc == 0) begin if (hundreds_digit>0 && hundreds_digit <10) hundreds_digit <= hundreds_digit-1; else //Hundreds Digit is 0 begin hundreds_digit<=9; if (thousands_digit >0 && thousands_digit <10) thousands_digit <= thousands_digit-1; else //Thousands Digit is 0 thousands_digit <= 0; end end //////Decrement by Thousand else if (tenblock_inc == 0 && hundredblock_inc == 0 && thousandblock_inc == 1) begin if (thousands_digit >0 && thousands_digit <10) thousands_digit <= thousands_digit-1; else //Thousands Digit is 0 thousands_digit <= 0; end end end end end
- 9. end ///////////////// State Machine present state becomes new state every clock edge////// always_ff@(posedge c0_sig) present_state <= next_state; ///Saving the state //Making it go to the next state. Incrementing present state///////////////////// always_comb begin unique case (present_state) 4'b0000 : next_state = 4'b0001; //Ones Digit State 4'b0001 : next_state = 4'b0010; //Idle State 4'b0010 : next_state = 4'b0011; //Tens Digit State 4'b0011 : next_state = 4'b0100; //Idle State 4'b0100 : next_state = 4'b0101; //Hundreds Digit State 4'b0101 : next_state = 4'b0110; //Idle State 4'b0110 : next_state = 4'b0111; //Thousands State 4'b0111 : next_state = 4'b1000; //Idle State 4'b1000 : next_state = 4'b0000; //Circles Back endcase end // MUX: Displaying Output of each of three digits; one after the other always_comb begin if (present_state == 0) begin muxo = ones_digit; // mux out is first digit sel = 3'b000; en3 = 1'b1; end else if (present_state == 1) //Idle between States begin muxo = 9; // mux out is random sel = 3'b111; //Nothing Happens en3 = 1'b0; end else if (present_state == 2) begin muxo = tens_digit;
- 10. // mux out is tens digit sel = 3'b001; if (count < 10) // Zero Supression for Tens Digit en3 = 1'b0; else en3 = 1'b1; end else if (present_state == 3) //Idle between States begin muxo = 9; // mux out is random sel = 3'b111; //Nothing Happens en3 = 1'b0; end else if (present_state == 4) begin muxo = hundreds_digit; // mux out is hundreds digit sel = 3'b011; if (count < 100) // Zero Supression for Hundreds Digit en3 = 1'b0; else en3 = 1'b1; end else if (present_state == 5) //Idle State begin muxo = 9; // mux out is random sel = 3'b111; //Nothing Happens en3 = 1'b0; end else if (present_state == 6) begin muxo = thousands_digit; // mux out is thousands digit sel = 3'b100; if (count < 1000) // Zero Supression for Thousands Digit en3 = 1'b0; else en3 = 1'b1; end else if (present_state == 7) //Idle State begin muxo = 9; // mux out is random sel = 3'b111; //Nothing Happens en3 = 1'b0;
- 11. end else begin muxo = 9; //Doesn't Matter sel = 3'b011; //Going nowhere en3 = 1'b0; //Also Output is disabled end end ///////////////////////bcd to seven segment decoder/////////////////////////////// always_comb begin casez (muxo) //gfedcba 4'b0000 : seven_segment = 7'b1000000; //seven segment display of 0 4'b0001 : seven_segment = 7'b1111001; //seven segment display of 1 4'b0010 : seven_segment = 7'b0100100; //seven segment display of 2 4'b0011 : seven_segment = 7'b0110000; //seven segment display of 3 4'b0100 : seven_segment = 7'b0011001; //seven segment display of 4 4'b0101 : seven_segment = 7'b0010010; //seven segment display of 5 4'b0110 : seven_segment = 7'b0000010; //seven segment display of 6 4'b0111 : seven_segment = 7'b1111000; //seven segment display of 7 4'b1000 : seven_segment = 7'b0000000; //seven segment display of 8 4'b1001 : seven_segment = 7'b0010000; //seven segment display of 9 4'b1111 : seven_segment = 7'b0000000; //Doesn't Matter Not Going to Display default : seven_segment = 7'b1000000; //seven segment displaying 0 endcase end ///////////////////////////////Sine Wave Generator///////////////////////////////// ///24 bit Adder always_comb begin Add_out = count + DQ_out; ////Using Count Instead of Individual Digits end ///DQ Flip Flop always_ff@(posedge c2_sig) begin DQ_out <= Add_out; end ////Extracting the higher order bits for address assignment always_comb begin address_sig[10:0] = DQ_out[23:13]; end
- 12. ////////////////////////////End of Sine Generator/////////// ///////////////////////////PWM Brightness Control///////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////Begining of first counter block_A with 4 MHz clock always_ff@(posedge c1_sig) begin cout_A <= cout_A +4'b0001; end ////////////////////////////End of first counter blockA with 4MHz Clock ///////////////////////////Second Counter, counts when button is pushed always_ff @(posedge newclock) begin if (push_steady == 0) cout_B <= cout_B +1; else cout_B <= cout_B; end ///////////////////////////////End of second counter ///////////////////////////////Comparing the two counts always_comb begin if (cout_A >= cout_B) pwm_out = 1'b1; else pwm_out = 1'b0; end //////////////////////////////////////End of PWM Brightness Control//////////////// endmodule