Sleep & rest pattern

Sleep & rest pattern

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  Sleep & restpatternSleep & rest pattern Muhammad BaqarMuhammad Baqar RN, BScNRN, BScN
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  SleepSleep  SLEEP -an altered state of consciousness inSLEEP - an altered state of consciousness in which the individual’s perception of and reactionwhich the individual’s perception of and reaction to the environment are decreased.to the environment are decreased.
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  RestRest  REST -a state of calmness, relaxationREST - a state of calmness, relaxation without emotional stress, and freedomwithout emotional stress, and freedom from anxietyfrom anxiety
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  TYPES OF SLEEPTYPESOF SLEEP  There are two types of sleep identified:There are two types of sleep identified:  The NREM sleep (non- rapid eyeThe NREM sleep (non- rapid eye movement sleep)movement sleep)  The REM sleep ( rapid eye movementThe REM sleep ( rapid eye movement sleep)sleep)
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  THE NREM SLEEPTHENREM SLEEP (Non- rapid eye movement sleep)(Non- rapid eye movement sleep)  It is a deep, restful sleepIt is a deep, restful sleep  There is a decreased physiologic functionsThere is a decreased physiologic functions  All metabolic processes are reducedAll metabolic processes are reduced  75% to 80% of sleep during night75% to 80% of sleep during night  It is divided into FOUR stages:1- 4It is divided into FOUR stages:1- 4
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  NREM SleepNREM Sleep 11stst stage: in the first stage the person is:stage: in the first stage the person is:  Aware of the surroundingAware of the surrounding  Drowsy-relaxedDrowsy-relaxed  Rolling eye movements  very light sleepvery light sleep  May awaken when callingMay awaken when calling  Stage lasts few minStage lasts few min
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  Stages of normalsleep cycleStages of normal sleep cycle  22ndnd stage :stage :  light sleeplight sleep  body functions continue to slow down.body functions continue to slow down.  Arousal easy.Arousal easy.  Body temperature falls.Body temperature falls.  Eyes may roll  lasts about 10-15 minutes.lasts about 10-15 minutes.
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  Stages of normalsleep cycleStages of normal sleep cycle 33ndnd stagestage  Refers to a medium-depth sleep whereRefers to a medium-depth sleep where  vital signs and metabolic processes slowvital signs and metabolic processes slow  difficult to arouse.difficult to arouse.  Muscles are completely relaxed.Muscles are completely relaxed.  Stage lasts 15-30 minutes.Stage lasts 15-30 minutes.
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  Stages of normalsleep cycleStages of normal sleep cycle  44thth stage:stage:  deepest sleepdeepest sleep  heart rate and respiratory rate drop.heart rate and respiratory rate drop.  No eye movement.  muscles very relaxed  difficult to waken  Stage lasts 15-30 minutesStage lasts 15-30 minutes
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  REM (REM (Rapideye movement) SleepSleep  Recurs every 90 minRecurs every 90 min  Dreams take placeDreams take place  Rapidly moving eyesRapidly moving eyes  Brain metabolic increaseBrain metabolic increase  Gastric secretions increaseGastric secretions increase  Heart rate and respiration rate irregularHeart rate and respiration rate irregular  Muscle tone very low (except respiratory muscles)  During this stage all day events are reviewedDuring this stage all day events are reviewed  Important information is categorized andImportant information is categorized and integrated into brain storage systemintegrated into brain storage system  Lasts 5 to 30 minLasts 5 to 30 min
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  Stage1 Stage2 Stage3Stage4 Stage3 Stage2 REM  Sleep CycleSleep Cycle  All of us undergoes around 4-6 cycles ofAll of us undergoes around 4-6 cycles of sleep of NREM to REMsleep of NREM to REM
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  Factors Affecting SleepFactorsAffecting Sleep  Age- One of the most important factorsAge- One of the most important factors affecting persons sleep and rest periods.affecting persons sleep and rest periods.  Illness- causing pain or physical distress canIllness- causing pain or physical distress can result in sleep problems.result in sleep problems.  Environment-Noise levelEnvironment-Noise level  Fatigue- more tired shorter the first (REM)Fatigue- more tired shorter the first (REM) sleepsleep  Lifestyle-Shift workLifestyle-Shift work
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  Factors Affecting SleepFactorsAffecting Sleep  Emotional StressEmotional Stress  AlcoholAlcohol  DietDiet  SmokingSmoking  MedicationsMedications
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  Thank You !
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  References:References:  Kozier& Erb‘s.Fundamentals of Nursing:Kozier& Erb‘s. Fundamentals of Nursing: concepts, process and practice, 8thconcepts, process and practice, 8th Edition.Edition.  Potter & Perry's, Fundamentals ofPotter & Perry's, Fundamentals of Nursing,2nd Edition.Nursing,2nd Edition.