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SOCIALIZATION.pptx
- 2. INTRODUCTION Socialization is a process with the help of which a living organism is changed into a social being. It is a process through which the younger generation learns the adult role which it has to play subsequently. It is a continuous process in the life of an individual and it continues from generation to generation.
- 3. MEANING OF SOCIALIZATION: Socialization stands for the development of the human brain, body, attitude, behaviour and so forth. Socialization is known as the process of inducting the individual into the social world. The term socialization refers to the process of interaction through which the growing individual learns the habits, attitudes, values and beliefs of the social group into which he has been born.
- 4. DEFINITIONS OF SOCIALIZATION: According to Horton and Hunt, Socialization is the process whereby one internalizes the norms of his groups, so that a distinct ‘self emerges, unique to this individual. Green defined socialization “as the process by which the child acquires a cultural content, along with selfhood and personality”.
- 5. CONT.. H.M. Johnson defines socialization as “learning that enables the learner to perform social roles”. He further says that it is a “process by which individuals acquire the already existing culture of groups they come into”.
- 6. CHARACTERSTICS OF SOCIALIZATION: Socialization is a process of learning: it is a process of learning in which an individual learns the culture, norms, values, laws etc. Socialization is a life long process: it starts from birth and goes till death. Socialization is a process of assimilation: assimilation is a process by which persons and group acquire culture of another group.
- 7. CONT.. Socialization full fills the needs of an individual: everybody wants to live happy and peaceful live and it can be possible, if we follow the rules of our society. Socialization is a universal process: it found in every society, every period and every stage of life. Socialization is a process of cultural transmission from one generation to another generation: we never make our culture but we receive it from our parents and our parents received it from their parents.
- 8. Importance of Socialisation: 1. Inculcates basic discipline: Socialization inculcates basic discipline. A person learns to control his impulses. He may show a disciplined behaviour to gain social approval. 2. Helps to control human behaviour: It helps to control human behaviour. An individual from birth to death undergoes training and his, behaviour is controlled by numerous ways. Through socialization, society intends to control the behaviour of its-members unconsciously.
- 9. CONT.. 3. Socialization is rapid if there is more humanity among the- agencies of socialization: Socialization takes place rapidly if the agencies’ of socialization are more unanimous in their ideas and skills. When there is conflict between the ideas, socialization of the individual tends to be slower and ineffective. 4. Socialization takes place formally and informally: Formal socialization takes through direct instruction and education in schools and colleges. Family is, however, the primary and the most influential source of education. Children learn their language, customs, norms and values in the family.
- 10. CONT.. 5. Socialization is continuous process: Socialization is a life-long process. As socialization does not cease when a child becomes an adult. Its members transmit culture to the next generation and society continues to exist.
- 11. Types of Socialization: 1. Primary Socialization: Primary socialization refers to socialization of the infant in the primary or earliest years of his life. It is a process by which the infant learns language and cognitive skills, internalizes norms and values.
- 12. 2. Secondary Socialization: Secondary socialization generally refers to the social training received by the child in institutional or formal settings and continues throughout the rest of his life. The process can be seen at work outside the immediate family, in the ‘peer group’. The growing child learns very important lessons in social conduct from his peers. He also learns lessons in the school. Hence, socialization continues beyond and outside the family environment.
- 13. 3. Anticipatory Socialization: Anticipatory socialization refers to a process by which men learn the culture of a group with the anticipation of joining that group. As a person learns the proper beliefs, values and norms of a status or group to which he aspires, he is learning how to act in his new role.
- 14. 4. Re-socialization: Re-Socialization refers to the process of discarding former behaviour patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in one’s life. Such re-socialization takes place mostly when a social role is radically changed. For example, when a criminal is rehabilitated, he has to change his role radically.