Software
- 2. By: Masiavhula Talifhani Student of Mass Computer Training & Printers FET College
- 3. SOFTWARE Is the collection of computer programs, procedure and documentation that perform different tasks on a computer Types of software 1. System software: - A set of instruction that control the computer and run other program on the computer. E.g: - Microsoft windows (windows xp,7,8,&10
- 4. 2. Application software: - Software that you can open in order to perform any task E.g: - Ms office. (97, 200,2010,2013,2016 Anti-virus Accounting software 3. Programming software: - its used by programmeres to writing computer programs E.g: - C++,VB, JAVA 4. Data backup and recovery software: -to provide functionalities beyond simple copyrightsof data files
- 5. FUNCTIONS OF OS (WINDOWS) To manage hardware components To run application software Provide and manipulate files COMPONENTS THAT NEEDED TO INSTALL OS(WINDOWS) Working computer wi ty h DVD/CD- ROM DRIVE support. Boot disk (CD/DVDfor window) Startup disk +for installing old windows such as windows 9X, windows 2000
- 6. INSTALLING WINDOWS (OS) FROM SCRATCH -Each edition of windows has different hardware requirements. System compon ents Wind ows 95 Wind ows 98 Wind ows 2000 Wind ows XP Wind ows 7&8 1.CPU speed 60MH z + 100m hz + 133m hz + 233m hz + 1.8gh z + 2.RAM memor y size 8mb + 16mb + 32mb + 64mb + 512m b + 3.HDD free space 200m b + 300m b + 2gb + 4gb + 8gb + CD/DVD -ROM speed 12X + 16X + 32X + 52X + 52X +
- 7. INSTALLATION OPTIONS OF WINDOWS 1) You have to create a partition: - Dividing the size of HDD. Eg if your HDD size is 40GB, you have to divide it into two and have two 20GBs Types of partitions a) Primary partition: -Can only have one disk drive that contains OS windows. b) Extended partition: - Can have one or more drives contain backup files. 2) You have to format the disk partition: -delete all data or information in a disk partition 3) Choose the file system
- 8. i. FAT(file allocation table) or FAT32 file system: -Organise file and folders ii. NTFS (new Technology file system: -its replay the FAT files.-Used when installing windows XP,7,8 &10 4) You have to enter a product key of OS windows. They are 25- character code E.G Q8WYJ VH89P RY47W YDBB7 7Q2YD Set time zone To HARARE PRETORIA
- 9. INSTALLING WINDOWS XP Step 1: Open CMOS setup and setup boot sequence: 1.CD-ROMdrive 2.HDD 3.FDD oSave changes and exit Step 2: you press any key to boot by CD Step 3: you don’t Press any key to boot by CD Windows boot (startup) process
- 10. 1. Pre-boot sequence: - begin when user turning on the computer and computer run POST 2. Boot sequence: -OS window is selected and hardware components are detected. OS loading the system file which called NTLDR files. Functions of NTLDR. 1.Check the size of memory 2.Chek the speed of processer 3.Check the formattingpartition type 3.kernel load sequence: -OS components are loaded into computer memory (RAM)
- 11. 4.Kernel initiation sequence: - NTLDR file passes control to the window internal (microsoft window logo opens, with a starts bar) 5.Log on screen: - Display welcome screen TROUBLE SHOOTING FOR WINDOWS Troubles Description Causes Solution 1.Dispaly message Invalid boot / none system disk error Computer is booting by FDD OR CD/DVD ROM drive You remove the disk inside the CD/DVD ROM drive 2.missing NTLDR file None If the file is corrupted or deleted Install windows from the screech or repairing 3.System stop error Computer display a blue screen Hardware error (HDD or RAM memory Replace HDD or RAM if are affected.
- 12. failure) it’s a POST Install windows from the beginning TROUBLE SHOOTING FOR APPLICATION SOFTWARE Troubles Discretion Cous e Solution 1.system lookup error Application freeze Virus, low free space of HDD & RAM If it’s a virus you have to install OS. 2.Applicatio n wont install Overwrittin g a file 3.Applicatio n not found Temporally file are corrupted or deleted or User or virus Install applicatio n again
- 13. removed BASIC NETWORK NETWORK: - A group of the computer that are connected together to communicate and share resources such as 1.file (documents ) 2.Printer3Email and internet NETWORK CONNECTION LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) -A network that connected in a single room, building or floor using cables or wireless connection WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
- 14. -A network which connected in a long range transmission media, such as telephone lines, cellular phones and wireless NETWORK TYPE MODUL Peer to peer network: -Client computer that are connected for simple file and for printer sharing in a small office or home. Each computer has its own file, if the computer not functioning well the information from that computer will be lost Client and server network: -server are the computer that holed data and
- 15. provide service t o client computer. Its used by banks or by big companies NETWORK REQUIREMENTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS Network media (cables) -To carry network data Network device -To translate the data between the computer and network media Network software (OS windows network drive) -To enable the computer. To recognize network
- 16. Network protocol (HTTP, SUTP) -They serve as a language for communication among computing devices NETWORK MEDIA & THEIR FUCTIONS (cables) Types of network cables Twisted pair cable: -R5-45connector Coafial cable: -15 NC connector -- -T-connector. .-50 ohm resistor Fiber optic cable: -MTP Connector. -MT-RJ connector. -Escolconnector.
- 17. +in this type of cable information is transferred by light. Types of Wireless device Radio Bluetooth Infrared Satellite transmission MALICIOUS SOFTWARE Is any unwanted software that has the potential to damage a computer.
- 18. Type of malicious software Virus -Is a file that spreads from one computer to another by attaching itself to other files. Worms -Is a file that spreads from one computer to another on its own, not by attaching itself to another file. Logic Bombs -Is a file that sits dormant on a user computer until it is triggered by a specific date and time. Trojan Horse -Is a file that seem like a harmless file, but can damage a computer.
- 19. Gray ware -I a joke program that makes the screen image to vibrate and shutdown the computer. Protecting computer against malicious software By installing antivirus software By updating antivirus software By installing software that coming from trusted sources.
- 20. By M.Talifhani