Soumenu Patra Presentation_Types of Memory.pdf
- 1. NAME : SOUMENDU PATRA STUDENT CODE : BWU/BNC/21/067 ROLL NUMBER : 067 SUBJECT : HW&OS LAB COURSE CODE : BNCSC192 TOPIC : TYPES OF MEMORY
- 2. INTRODUCTION TO MEMORY TYPES – Many types of memory devices are available for use in modern computer systems. As an embedded software engineer, you must be aware of the differences between them and understand how to use each type effectively. In our discussion, we will approach these devices from the software developer's perspective. Keep in mind that the development of these devices took several decades and that their underlying hardware differs significantly. The names of the memory types frequently reflect the historical nature of the development process and are often more confusing than insightful.
- 3. MEMORY – Memory is an essential element of a computer. Without its memory, a computer is of hardly any use. Memory plays an important role in saving and retrieving data. The performance of the computer system depends upon the size of the memory. We know memory are two types. 1.Primary Memory / Volatile Memory. 2.Secondary Memory / Non Volatile Memory. Classifies the memory devices we'll discuss in below.
- 4. Memory Primary Memory Volatile Memory RAM Static Ram Dynamic Ram Non Volatile Memory ROM P ROM EP ROM EEP ROM Secondary Memory Magnetic Tape Magnetic Disk Floppy Disk Hard Disk External Disk/SSD Pen Drive SSD Optical Disk CD DVD Single Layer Dual Layer Blue Ray Virtual Memory Counter Cache Memory
- 5. PRIMARY MEMORY : - Primary Memory is internal memory of the computer. RAM AND ROM both form part of primary memory. The primary memory provides main working space to the computer. RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM): - The primary storage is referred to as random access memory (RAM) because it is possible to randomly select and use any location of the memory directly store and retrieve data. It takes same time to any address of the memory as the first address. It is also called read/write memory. The storage of data and instructions inside the primary storage is temporary. It disappears from RAM as soon as the power to the computer is switched off. The memories, which lose their content on failure of power supply, are known as volatile memories .So now we can say that RAM is volatile memory.
- 6. Ram mainly are two types. One is SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) and another is DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory). Ram is a volatile memory because when we power off the laptop/desktop then present data will be delete or erase. RAM
- 7. READ ONLY MEMORY (ROM): - There is another memory in computer, which is called Read Only Memory (ROM). Again it is the ICs inside the PC that form the ROM. The storage of program and data in the ROM is permanent. The ROM stores some standard processing programs supplied by the manufacturers to operate the personal computer. The ROM can only be read by the CPU but it cannot be changed. The basic input/output program is stored in the ROM that examines and initializes various equipment attached to the PC when the power switch is ON. The memories, which do not lose their content on failure of power supply, are known as non- volatile memories. ROM is non-volatile memory. ROM is mainly three types. 1.PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory) 2.EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) 3.EEPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory) There are all up gradation version of ROM.
- 9. FLOOPY DISK: - A floppy disk or floppy diskette (sometimes casually referred to as a floppy or diskette) is a type of disk storage composed of a thin and flexible disk of a magnetic storage medium in a square or nearly square plastic enclosure lined with a fabric that removes dust particles from the spinning disk. HARD DISK DRIVE(HDD):- hard disk, also called hard disk drive or hard drive, magnetic storage medium for a computer. Hard disks are flat circular plates made of aluminum or glass and coated with a magnetic material. Hard disks for personal computers can store terabytes (trillions of bytes) of information.
- 11. PENDRIVE:- A pen drive is a portable Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash memory device for storing and transferring audio, video, and data files from a computer. ... Other names include flash drive, jump drive, and thumb drive. A pen drive usually has a large storage capacity and provides quick data transfers. EXTERNAL DRIVE:- An external drive is a hard disk that comes in a case that connects to your computer with a USB cable. This allows you to add and remove a particular disk as needed, or have multiple external drives connected to your system.
- 12. SSD:- A solid-state drive (SSD) is a new generation of storage device used in computers. SSDs use flash-based memory, which is much faster than a traditional mechanical hard disk. Upgrading to an SSD is one of the best ways to speed up your computer. Optical Disk:- With every new application and software there is greater demand for memory capacity. It is the necessity to store large volume of data that has led to the development of optical disk storage medium. CD (COMPACT DISK):- The compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format that was co-developed by Philips and Sony to store and play digital audio recordings. Capacity: Typically up to 700 MB
- 13. DVD:- The DVD (common abbreviation for Digital Video Disc or Digital Versatile Disc) is a digital optical disc data storage format invented and developed in 1995. BLUE RAY:- The Blu-ray Disc (BD), often known simply as Blu-ray, is a digital optical disc storage format. The plastic disc is 120 millimeters (4.7 in) in diameter and 1.2 millimeters (0.047 in) thick, the same size as DVDs and CDs. VIRTUAL MEMORY:- Virtual memory is a section of volatile memory created temporarily on the storage drive. It is created when a computer is running many processes at once and RAM is running low. CACHE MEMORY:- Cache memory is a very high speed semiconductor memory which can speed up CPU. It acts as a buffer between the CPU and main memory. It is used to hold those parts of data and program which are most frequently used by CPU. The parts of data and programs are transferred from disk to cache memory by operating system, from where CPU can access them.
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