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Event @ AICare Hub (15 Feb) - Falls Prevention and Home Safety for the Elderly
This document discusses falls among the elderly and fall prevention. It defines falls, notes their consequences like fractures and fear of falling, and identifies common risk factors such as age, medical conditions, and home hazards. It outlines the roles of various health professionals in fall prevention through activities like assessment, education, exercises, and home safety modifications. Modifications to high-risk areas of the home like bathrooms and stairways are recommended to help prevent accidental falls among the elderly.
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Event @ AICare Hub (15 Feb) - Falls Prevention and Home Safety for the Elderly
- 1. Preventing falls amongelderly Alan Ong (Occupational Therapist) Nurul Atiqah (Physiotherapist) Senthilkumar (Occupational Therapist)
- 2. Contents • What isfalls? • Consequences of falls • Risk factors of falls • Health professionals involved in fall prevention • Home modification • Recovery from fall
- 3. Falls Defining falls inelderly:- • Some part of the person comes to rest on the ground • Unexpected and unintentional event • Falls that happen due to medical conditions About 10%-17% of those aged 65 and older have had falls
- 4. Falls • Approximately 10%of the falls result in serious injuries, such as hip fractures, blood clot, serious cuts and even death. • Falls among the elderly leaves 30-73% with a fear of falls. • Accidental falls are the most common, accounting for 25-40% of all falls. Usually caused by environmental hazards. (Lim, 2010) • Cost of hip replacement surgery: $6000-$9000 (ward B & C). (Ministry Of Health Singapore, 2014) By 2030, 2/10 people in Singapore will be above 65, another 2/10 above 55.
- 5. Consequences of falls •Fractures • Dislocation • Fear of fall • Loss of confidence to do things independently • Increased risk of repeated falls • Activity limitation • Head injury
- 6. Risk factors offalls 1. Socio-demographic 2. Position 3. Impaired functions 4. Psychological 5. Medical 6. Medication 7. Environment 8. Personal
- 7. Risk factors offalls 1. Socio-demographic Increased in age History of falls Female Living alone
- 8. Risk factors offalls 2. Position -Reduced balance In standing During bending/reaching forward For sit to stand/shifting between places
- 9. Risk factors offalls 3. Impaired functions Poor eyesight Poor hearing Pain, giddiness, dizziness Reduced sensation, strength, reaction time
- 10. Risk factors offalls 4. Psychological -Increased fear of falls -Risk taking behaviour
- 11. Risk factors offalls 5. Medical: 6. Medication: Side effects Parkinson’s disease Stroke Diabetes Dementia
- 12. Risk factors offalls 7. Environment Pets Dim lighting Trailing wires Height of furniture Small kids
- 13. Risk factors offalls 7. Environment Clutter Slippery Too high Loose rugs
- 14. Risk factors offalls 8. Personal: Slipper Lack of exercise Alcohol ill-fitting clothes Poor nutrition Compliance
- 15. Now let’s takea look at the various professions involved in fall prevention
- 16. Doctor Nurse PhysiotherapistOccupational Therapist Optometrist Assessment Education Medication Vision Exercises Assistive device training Home safety Healthcare professionals involved in fall prevention
- 17. Role of PTand OT • 46% of SPD HQ DRC clients are at risk of falls Role of Physiotherapist Role of Occupational Therapist Walking speed Home modification Negotiating on different surfaces Energy conservation Muscle strength Lifestyle redesign Balance Activities of daily living tasks Walking aids Cognition/visual perception Endurance
- 18. What is HomeModification? • Conversion/adaption of environment Make performing tasks easier Reduce Accidents Support independent living Accidental falls are the most common, accounting for 25- 40% of all falls. Usually caused by environmental hazards.
- 19. Most common areasfor falls • Falls usually occurred at home as compared to outdoors • At home, most common area of falls 1. Living room (348 cases) 2. Bedroom (271 cases) 3. Toilet (211 cases) (The Straits Times , 2012)
- 20. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • Living room: -Place wires along wall -Tape wires -Well lit areas -No clutter -Avoid low seat Cordless phone
- 21. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • Bedroom: Urinal bottle-Able to reach lamp switch -Bed of correct height Commode
- 22. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • Bedroom: Wireless door bell -Walking aid close to bed Night light
- 23. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • Toilet: Non-slip mats/tiles -Grab bars -Sitting toilet
- 24. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • Toilet: Dry floorFolding door
- 25. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • Toilet: Shower Chair Glow in the dark sticker
- 26. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • Kitchen: Clean up spillage -Turn handles in -Low glare -Do not stand on stools -Place items within reach
- 27. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • General: Reflective tape on curbs/step of toilet Slip resistant backing
- 28. How to modifythe home to make it safer? • Stairs: -Well lit stairs -No clutter -No socks/slippers -Contrasted edges of stairs
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- 32. What to dowhen a fall occurs? Step 1: Do not panic! Step 2: Do not try to stand up and walk immediately Step 3: To stay there and move your hands and legs slowly Step 4: Call for help if in severe pain or difficulty with movement
- 33. What to dowhen a fall occurs? • Video
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- 35. Programmes and Services •Rehabilitation • Employment and Care Services • Vocational Training and Technology Services • Psycho-Social Rehabilitation • Early intervention support for children
- 36. Rehabilitation SPD RehabilitationCentre - Adult and paediatric rehabilitation - Physiotherapy, occupational and speech therapy - Home assessment and caregiver training SPD Therapy Hub - Provides professional therapy services for clients of other VWOs Therapy@Home - Provides therapy services at homes of clients who have difficulty leaving their homes
- 37. ° Contact Details Headquarters(map on left) SPD Ability Centre 2 Peng Nguan Street Singapore 168955 Tel: 6579 0700 Website www.spd.org.sg E-mail [email protected] Satellite Centre SPD@Tampines Blk 866, Tampines St 83 #01-237 Singapore 520866 Tel: 6587 7611
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- 39. References • Lim, S.C. (2010). Elderly Fallers: What Do We Need To Do? Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare, 19(2), 154-158. • Ministry Of Health Singapore. (2014, January 30). Ministry of Health. Retrieved February 7, 2014, from Costs and Financing: http://www.moh.gov.sg/content/moh_web/home/costs_and_financing/HospitalBi llSize/hip_replacement_surgery.html • The Straits Times . (2012, August 21). Elderly hurt in falls: The Home Danger.