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Speed Up Your Apache Cassandra™ Applications: A Practical Guide to Reactive Programming

M
Matt Stubbs

The document provides a practical guide to improving Apache Cassandra applications through reactive programming, highlighting the benefits of asynchronous and reactive approaches. It discusses the strengths and weaknesses of synchronous, asynchronous, and reactive drivers, emphasizing scalability, maintainability, and the challenges of callback hell. Key takeaways include the complexities of asynchronous programming versus the advantages of reactive programming, such as simplified handling of asynchronous tasks and built-in backpressure management.

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Speed up your Apache Cassandra™ Applications A Practical Guide to Reactive Programming London
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. About me Cedrick Lunven Developer Advocate, DataStax Creator Contributor
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Agenda 2 3 4 BACK TO SANITY WITH REACTIVE LET’S GO ASYNCHRONOUS (AND CRAZY)! SIMPLE & SYNCHRONOUS 5 TAKE AWAYS 1 REMINDERS APACHE CASSANDRA™
APACHE CASSANDRA ..reminders
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. This is a DISTRIBUTED Database Node • Up to 1TB • 3000 Tx/s/core Datacenter (Ring)
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. …which scale linearly
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. …anywhere On-Premise Data Center Cluster
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Data is distributed 0 13 25 38 50 63 75 88 59 (data) RF=2 59 (data) RF=3 replicated
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Tuneable Consistency RF=3 Client CL=ONECL=QUORUMCL=ALL
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Sweet spots 1. High Throughput (because we can keep up) 2. High Volume (because we scale linearly and still OLTP) 3. Data distribution (read/write around the globe) 4. High Availability (replication, masterless)
SIMPLE AND SYNCHRONOUS (kiss)
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Sample Application Overview ● Time-based events series CREATE TABLE stock ( symbol text, value decimal, date timestamp, PRIMARY KEY ((symbol), date) ) WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (date DESC) AND default_time_to_live = 86400 AND compaction = { 'class' : 'TimeWindowCompactionStrategy' 'compaction_window_unit’ : MINUTES' 'compaction_window_size’ : 60 }; v v
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. DRIVERAPI Synchronous Stack CLIENT 12+
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.Confidential Demo #1: Sync
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. CLIENT API DRIVER DseSession.builder() MetaData DseSession SimpleStatement stmt.prepare() PreparedStatement PreparedStatement (preparedId) Initializing Statements Connection API
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. CLIENT API DRIVER Parameters SynchronousQueries PreparedStatement & Parameters Bind Parameters BoundStatement ResultSet ResultSet Results Blocked 😴 API
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Synchronous - SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses ThreatsOpportunities Simple Easy to Test & Maintain Scalability ⚠️ Blocking 😴
LET’S GO ASYNCHRONOUS (and crazy !)
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. DRIVERAPI Asynchronous Stack (Yes,….no changes) CLIENT 12+
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.Confidential Demo #2: Async
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. CLIENT API DRIVER v Parameters AsyncQueries PreparedStatement & Parameters Bind Parameters BoundStatement AsyncResultSet AsyncResultSet Result API CompletionStage Callback Hell 🔥
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Asynchronous - SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses ThreatsOpportunities Non Blocking Scalability Maintainability 🤯 Callback Hell 🔥
BACK TO SANITY (with reactive driver)
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Reactive Manifesto https://www.reactivemanifesto.org/
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Reactive Streams API SUBSCRIBER PUBLISHER subscribe(this) onSubscribe(subscription) onNext(...) onComplete() subscription.request(...) http://www.reactive-streams.org/
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. DRIVERAPI Reactive Stack CLIENT 12+
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.Confidential Demo #3: Reactive
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. CLIENT API DRIVER v Parameters ReactiveQueries PreparedStatement & Parameters Bind Parameters Row ReactiveRow Flux API ReactiveResultSet Subscribe BoundStatement Subscriber.onNext Query execution
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Backpressure ● When Reading: −Driver will slow down if client slows down ● When Writing: −Driver cannot slow down if server slows down −Risk of OverloadedException CLIENT DRIVER Backpressure ❌ CLIENTDRIVER Backpressure ✅
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Reactive - SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses ThreatsOpportunities Simple & Non Blocking Scalable & Maintainable OverloadedException Hard to debug?
TAKE AWAYS
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Take Aways ● Asynchronous −Less control −Segregates requests and results processing −Complex : callback hell ● Reactive −Async capabilities but no callback hell −Backpressure (for reads) −Not a new way of querying DSE
© DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. References & Questions https://github.com/datastax/cassandra- reactive-demo https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAIQ Y251avaMv7bBv5PCo-A https://www.twitch.tv/datastaxacademy/vid eos
THANK YOU

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Speed Up Your Apache Cassandra™ Applications: A Practical Guide to Reactive Programming

  • 1. Speed up your Apache Cassandra™ Applications A Practical Guide to Reactive Programming London
  • 2. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. About me Cedrick Lunven Developer Advocate, DataStax Creator Contributor
  • 3. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Agenda 2 3 4 BACK TO SANITY WITH REACTIVE LET’S GO ASYNCHRONOUS (AND CRAZY)! SIMPLE & SYNCHRONOUS 5 TAKE AWAYS 1 REMINDERS APACHE CASSANDRA™
  • 5. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. This is a DISTRIBUTED Database Node • Up to 1TB • 3000 Tx/s/core Datacenter (Ring)
  • 6. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. …which scale linearly
  • 7. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. …anywhere On-Premise Data Center Cluster
  • 8. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Data is distributed 0 13 25 38 50 63 75 88 59 (data) RF=2 59 (data) RF=3 replicated
  • 9. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Tuneable Consistency RF=3 Client CL=ONECL=QUORUMCL=ALL
  • 10. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Sweet spots 1. High Throughput (because we can keep up) 2. High Volume (because we scale linearly and still OLTP) 3. Data distribution (read/write around the globe) 4. High Availability (replication, masterless)
  • 12. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Sample Application Overview ● Time-based events series CREATE TABLE stock ( symbol text, value decimal, date timestamp, PRIMARY KEY ((symbol), date) ) WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (date DESC) AND default_time_to_live = 86400 AND compaction = { 'class' : 'TimeWindowCompactionStrategy' 'compaction_window_unit’ : MINUTES' 'compaction_window_size’ : 60 }; v v
  • 13. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. DRIVERAPI Synchronous Stack CLIENT 12+
  • 14. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.Confidential Demo #1: Sync
  • 15. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. CLIENT API DRIVER DseSession.builder() MetaData DseSession SimpleStatement stmt.prepare() PreparedStatement PreparedStatement (preparedId) Initializing Statements Connection API
  • 16. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. CLIENT API DRIVER Parameters SynchronousQueries PreparedStatement & Parameters Bind Parameters BoundStatement ResultSet ResultSet Results Blocked 😴 API
  • 17. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Synchronous - SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses ThreatsOpportunities Simple Easy to Test & Maintain Scalability ⚠️ Blocking 😴
  • 19. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. DRIVERAPI Asynchronous Stack (Yes,….no changes) CLIENT 12+
  • 20. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.Confidential Demo #2: Async
  • 21. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. CLIENT API DRIVER v Parameters AsyncQueries PreparedStatement & Parameters Bind Parameters BoundStatement AsyncResultSet AsyncResultSet Result API CompletionStage Callback Hell 🔥
  • 22. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Asynchronous - SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses ThreatsOpportunities Non Blocking Scalability Maintainability 🤯 Callback Hell 🔥
  • 23. BACK TO SANITY (with reactive driver)
  • 24. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Reactive Manifesto https://www.reactivemanifesto.org/
  • 25. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Reactive Streams API SUBSCRIBER PUBLISHER subscribe(this) onSubscribe(subscription) onNext(...) onComplete() subscription.request(...) http://www.reactive-streams.org/
  • 26. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. DRIVERAPI Reactive Stack CLIENT 12+
  • 27. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.Confidential Demo #3: Reactive
  • 28. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. CLIENT API DRIVER v Parameters ReactiveQueries PreparedStatement & Parameters Bind Parameters Row ReactiveRow Flux API ReactiveResultSet Subscribe BoundStatement Subscriber.onNext Query execution
  • 29. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Backpressure ● When Reading: −Driver will slow down if client slows down ● When Writing: −Driver cannot slow down if server slows down −Risk of OverloadedException CLIENT DRIVER Backpressure ❌ CLIENTDRIVER Backpressure ✅
  • 30. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Reactive - SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses ThreatsOpportunities Simple & Non Blocking Scalable & Maintainable OverloadedException Hard to debug?
  • 32. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. Take Aways ● Asynchronous −Less control −Segregates requests and results processing −Complex : callback hell ● Reactive −Async capabilities but no callback hell −Backpressure (for reads) −Not a new way of querying DSE
  • 33. © DataStax, All Rights Reserved.ConfidentialConfidential © DataStax, All Rights Reserved. References & Questions https://github.com/datastax/cassandra- reactive-demo https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAIQ Y251avaMv7bBv5PCo-A https://www.twitch.tv/datastaxacademy/vid eos