Spreading and cutting machines

Spreading and cutting machines

• 1.
  Fabric Spreading andCutting Machines Presented by: Kundan Ganvir
• 2.
  Garment Manufacturing Process
• 3.
  Marker and Markerplanning Marker: • It is a long thin paper which contains all necessary pattern pieces for different sizes for a particular style of garments The length also depends on- • Number of garments to be produced from a spread lay • Length of cutting table • Production planning etc. Purpose of Marker Making • For optimum utilization of fabric • Reduction of fabric wastage • Speeding up the production process • Get maximum number of pattern pieces from one lay of fabric
• 4.
  Spreading • Spreading –The process of unwinding large rolls of fabric onto long, wide tables in preparation for cutting each piece of garment • Types of Fabric spreading: i. Flat Spreading ii. Stepped Spreading • Precautions needed while spreading fabric: i. Alignment of plies ii. Elimination of fabric defects/flaws iii. Correct ply direction iv. Correct ply tension v. Fabrics must be flat and free from any crinkle & crease
• 5.
  Spreading related Equipment •Tables - Normal table - Vacuum table - Conveyor table - Pinned table • Fabric Loaders • Fabric weights/Clamps/Pins Pinned Table Vacuum Table Fabric clampsFabric Weights Fabric Roll Loader
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  Spreading- Methods Spreading Machine Assisted Spreading Semi- Automatic Fully Automatic Manual Spreading
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  Manual Spreading Machines Advantages: •Easy to operate • Low investment • Suitable for small scale garment industries Limitations: • Speed limitation • Skilled labor required to operate • Chances of improper selvedge alignment • Small roll size Operating procedure: • Fabric is carefully pulled out with help of hands • Then, fabric is spread and cut to appropriate requirements • Process is continued to form layers
• 8.
  Semi-Automatic Spreading Machines OperatingProcedure: • Same as Manual Spreader • Movement along the table and fabric pulling can be controlled by buttons Advantages: • Fast and economical • Proper selvedge alignment • Ease to operate with electronic clutch Limitations: • Fabric roll loading, cutting is still manual • Not suitable for large scale manufacturing houses • Small roll size
• 9.
  Fully Automatic SpreadingMachines • Automatic loading/unloading device for fabric rolls • Automatic roll turning arrangement for face to back lay • Automatic leveling device for fabric edge alignment. • Automatic cutting device at the end of a run • Automatic tensioning device to control fabric tension • Automatic lay height sensing elevator • Programmable lay length, ply height and step-laying • Spreading seeds up to 140 m/min Features:
• 10.
  Cutting • Cutting –It is the process which cut out the pattern pieces from specified fabric for making garments • Types of Fabric cutting machines: i. Manual, e.g. scissors, cutters ii. Semi-automatic, e.g. Round knife cutter, band knife cutter, etc. iii. Fully computerized, e.g. Laser, water jet, etc. • Precautions needed while spreading fabric: i. Safety first, gloves, eye covers, clothing etc. ii. Stability of fabric layers iii. Care of cutting blades and machine iv. Selecting correct type of cutting equipment for a cut v. Precautions for heating of blades
• 11.
  Scissors Are normally usedwhen cutting only single or double plies Advantages: • Almost all types of cloths are cut by scissors • Very cheap Limitations and disadvantages: • Cannot be used for mass production • Cannot cut more than 2-3 piles of fabrics • Low speed • Impossible to work continuously for long hours Manual Cutting Equipment Laser guided scissors Electric Scissors Decorative Edge scissors
• 12.
  Semi-Automatic Cutting Equipment Advantages •Comparatively cheap • Production speed is very good • Rough work can be easily done by hands Disadvantages • Faulty knife could damage fabric layer • Knife required to change • Weight of the motor creates knife deflection which may be creates faulty pieces Straight knife Round knife Band knife Notcher machine
• 13.
  Fully-Automatic Cutting Equipment Advantages •Cutting defects are less • Less labor cost • Suitable for very large scale of production • No need of marker paper Disadvantages • Very expensive machines • Very high on maintenance • Not suitable for cutting multi level fabric (water-jet, laser) • Not suitable for synthetic fabric(laser cutting) Computerized cutting machine Laser cutting machine Water-jet fabric cutting Plasma cutting machine
• 14.
  Thank You