SQL_Presentation.ppt basic version 12.32

Introduction to SQL
• Structured Query Language Basics
• Presented by: [Your Name]
• Date: [Presentation Date]

What is SQL?
• - SQL stands for Structured Query Language
• - Used to communicate with databases
• - Standard for relational databases
• - Examples: MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server,
Oracle, SQLite

Why Use SQL?
• - Store and retrieve data efficiently
• - Handle large data volumes
• - Ensure data integrity
• - Essential for developers, analysts, DBAs

SQL Syntax Overview
• - SQL is not case-sensitive
• - Statements end with semicolon (;)
• Example:
• SELECT * FROM customers;

Basic SQL Commands
• - DDL: CREATE, ALTER, DROP
• - DML: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
• - DCL: GRANT, REVOKE
• - TCL: COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT

SELECT Statement
• - Retrieves data from tables
• Example:
• SELECT name, email FROM users;

WHERE Clause
• - Filters records based on condition
• Example:
• SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary >
50000;

INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
• - INSERT: Add new data
• INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES
('Alice', 'alice@mail.com');
• - UPDATE: Modify data
• UPDATE users SET email = 'alice@new.com'
WHERE name = 'Alice';
• - DELETE: Remove data
• DELETE FROM users WHERE name = 'Alice';

SQL Joins
• - Combines rows from tables
• Types: INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL
• Example:
• SELECT orders.id, customers.name
• FROM orders
• INNER JOIN customers ON orders.customer_id
= customers.id;

SQL Functions
• - Aggregate: COUNT(), SUM(), AVG(), MAX(),
MIN()
• - String: UPPER(), LOWER(), LENGTH()
• Example:
• SELECT COUNT(*) FROM products WHERE
price > 100;

GROUP BY and HAVING
• - GROUP BY groups similar rows
• - HAVING filters groups
• Example:
• SELECT department, COUNT(*)
• FROM employees
• GROUP BY department
• HAVING COUNT(*) > 5;

ORDER BY Clause
• - Sorts result set
• - ASC (ascending), DESC (descending)
• Example:
• SELECT name, salary FROM employees ORDER
BY salary DESC;

Creating and Modifying Tables
• - CREATE TABLE:
• CREATE TABLE users (
• id INT PRIMARY KEY,
• name VARCHAR(100),
• email VARCHAR(100)
• );
• - ALTER TABLE to modify
• - DROP TABLE to delete

SQL Constraints
• - Ensure data integrity
• Common:
• - PRIMARY KEY
• - FOREIGN KEY
• - NOT NULL
• - UNIQUE
• - CHECK
• - DEFAULT

Real-World Applications
• - Backend development
• - BI and data analytics
• - Data warehousing
• - Reporting and dashboards
• - Automation scripts

Summary
• - SQL = foundation of data
• - Learn SELECT, INSERT, JOIN, etc.
• - Practice on MySQL, PostgreSQL

Questions & Answers
• Any questions?
• Let’s discuss use cases or advanced SQL topics.

SQL_Presentation.ppt basic version 12.32

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