STS-REPORT-TIMELINE. Science technology and societypptx
- 2. SLIDESMANIA SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION TELEVISION COMPUTERS ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR (ENIAC) INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SATELLITES TRANSISTORS
- 3. SLIDESMANIA 1. TELEVISION Television is one of the 20th Century's most influential technologies. It has become one of the essential ways in which people perceive the broader world around them, as well as one of the best ways in which people can escape the planet. A German scientist created static moving pictures in the 1880s using a filtered light that was viewed through a rotating disk, setting the groundwork for modern television.
- 4. SLIDESMANIA During the 1920s, many scientists started experimenting with using radio waves to transmit still pictures. The system gradually improved upon During the 30s and 40s. In America, the first frequent broadcasts began in 1939. after the Second World War that television began to take off as a standard home appliance. Sales of Television in America skyrocketing since 1945. In 1954 the first color broadcast was achieved.
- 5. SLIDESMANIA Television arrived years later in the rest of the world, and it wasn't until the late 1960s that television became popular in houses throughout the West. TV had become the dominant media power it is today by the 1970s, with 24-hour programming, mass advertisements, and syndicated shows. Satellite television in the 1980s shrunk the globe, allowing live feeds from other countries and time zones. The new millennium has brought the rise of digital video, which is television's future.
- 6. SLIDESMANIA SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION TELEVISION COMPUTERS ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR (ENIAC) INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SATELLITES TRANSISTORS
- 7. SLIDESMANIA 2. COMPUTER Between 1939 and 1942, Professor John Vincent Atanasoff and graduate student Clifford Berry designed the world's first digital- electronic computer at Iowa State University. The Atanasoff-Berry Computer reflected many computer advances, including a binary arithmetic system, parallel processing, regenerative memory, and memory and computing separation functions.
- 8. SLIDESMANIA In 1839 when Allan Turing developed the first fully functioning electronic digital computer, which was named Colossus. During World War II, computers used to decode nazi war codes
- 9. SLIDESMANIA SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION TELEVISION COMPUTERS ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR (ENIAC) INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SATELLITES TRANSISTORS
- 10. SLIDESMANIA 3. Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC) In 1946 the first to patent a digital computing system, the ENIAC machine, was Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. The problem with ENIAC and other computers of the first generation was that they used vacuum tubes that produced a lot of heat, causing it to overheat or flame out.
- 11. SLIDESMANIA SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION TELEVISION COMPUTERS ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR (ENIAC) INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SATELLITES TRANSISTORS
- 12. SLIDESMANIA 4. TRANSITORS The three individuals credited with the transistor's invention were William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain. It marked the start of the current epoch in the electronics sector. After the transistor's invention, advances in technology became more common, with computer technology being the most notable of these.
- 13. SLIDESMANIA SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION TELEVISION COMPUTERS ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR (ENIAC) INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SATELLITES TRANSISTORS
- 14. SLIDESMANIA 5. INTEGRATED CIRCUITS The development of new computer technology is crucial because it showed the convergence of government, military, and industry cooperation in innovation making. The invention of integrated circuits has contributed to the development of third-generation computers.
- 15. SLIDESMANIA SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION TELEVISION COMPUTERS ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR (ENIAC) INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SATELLITES TRANSISTORS
- 16. SLIDESMANIA 6. SATELLITES A satellite is an object that orbits or circles around a more significant object in space. Natural such as the Earth's orbiting moon and artificial such as the Earth's orbiting International Space Station are the two types of satellites (Howell, 2017).
- 17. SLIDESMANIA The first artificial satellite was Sputnik, a Russian beach-ball-size space probe that lifted off on October 04, 1957. It marks the beginning of the so-called Space Age. The SCORE or Signal Communications by Orbiting Relay Equipment in 1958, the military launched its first satellite in the US.
- 18. SLIDESMANIA Satellites, too, have changed the way we see the world around us. The corporate world exploded into space when Syncom 3, the first civilian telecommunications satellite with its live broadcasts of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, created a sensation (Gottschalk, 2017).
- 19. SLIDESMANIA Early Bird, also known as Intelsat I, the world's first commercial communications satellite, was designed by Hughes Aircraft Company's Space and Communications Division, and later by Hughes Space and Communications Company, for the Communications Satellite Corporation (COMSAT). On April 06, 1965, the satellite launched into synchronous orbit. (Gunter's Space Page, 2017).
- 20. SLIDESMANIA THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION Semiconductors Digital Transmission Cellular Technology Fifth Generation Computers Fiber Optics Satellite Technologies Internet Fourth Generation Computers Microprocessors
- 21. SLIDESMANIA 1. SEMICONDUCTORS Semiconductors are essential technology which significantly enhanced the ability to store, process, and advertising information. The memory capacity increased substantially in 2017 from 10,000 bits of information in 1978 to 160 trillion bits because of the semiconductors.
- 22. SLIDESMANIA 2. MICROPROCESSORS A microprocessor is an integrated circuit (IC), integrating critical functions in the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. It is a programmable silicon chip with multipurpose, clock-driven, register based, accepts binary data as input, and provides output after processing as per the instructions stored in the memory (Ligo, 2018).
- 23. SLIDESMANIA 3. FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTERS The Very Large Integrated Scale (VLSI) circuits were used in the fourth Generation Computers from 1971 to 1980. VLSI circuits with approximately 5000 transistors and other circuit elements and their associated circuits on a single chip have made it possible to have microcomputers of the fourth generation.
- 24. SLIDESMANIA Fourth-generation computers became more powerful, compact, reliable, and affordable. As a result, the Revolution of Personal Computers ( PCs) arose. Time-sharing, real-time networks, and distributed operating systems have been used in this Century (Tutorials Point, 2020).
- 25. SLIDESMANIA 4. FIFTH GENERATION COMPUTER The Fifth Generation Computers are the most advanced and current computer generation, which started around 1981. These are highly reliable and use the technology of ULSI or Ultra Large Scale Integration. Such computer systems are at the frontiers of modern scientific calculations. They are used to create the components of Artificial Intelligence or AI, which will be able to think for themselves (Toppr, 2019).
- 26. SLIDESMANIA 5. FIBER OPTICS Fiber optics (known as optical fibers) that consist of incredibly thin glass or plastic strands. One cable of the fiber optic can have as few as two strands or as many as several hundred. Every strand is less than a tenth as thick as a human hair and can hold something like 25,000 phone calls, making it easy for a whole fiber-optic cable to carry several million calls (Woodford, 2018).
- 27. SLIDESMANIA 6. Cellular Technology Transmitters and receivers are usually large, heavy and awkward to carry or move. These problems led to the development of cellular technology. Cellular technologies led to the development of a mobile phone. It is made to ease communication among individuals. According to Techopedia (2017), a cellular telephone is a telecommunication device that uses radio waves over a networked area (cells). It is served at a fixed location via a cell site or base station, enabling calls to be transmitted wirelessly across a wide range, to a fixed landline or via the Internet.
- 28. SLIDESMANIA 7. SATELLITE TECHNOLOGIES Satellite technologies also helped to create a global connectivity network. They used mobile, television, and weather and climate devices. Satellites have allowed the worldwide broadcast of events, shows, international teleconferencing, international telephone calls, and other types of global connectivity.
- 29. SLIDESMANIA 8. INTERNET The Internet seems to have a significant impact on almost every facet of our lives, building whole new worlds of cultures and allowing us to access knowledge and ideas on a scale we've never dreamed of before (kwach, 2018). According to Techopedia (2019), Email, web enabled audio/video conferencing services, online movies, and gaming, data transfer / file-sharing, often through File Transfer Protocol ( FTP), instant messaging, Internet forums, social networking, online shopping, financial services, and digital transmission are some of the following services that make the Internet the most cost-effective means of communication in the world. The main goal for today is to develop a fully integrated, high speed, and high capacity network.
- 30. SLIDESMANIA 9. DIGITAL TRANSMISSION Digital transmission developed to improve communication. Digital transmission is the transmission of information in the form of digital signals through a physical communication medium. Therefore, analog signals must be digitized first before they are transmitted (Rafsanjani, 2018).
- 32. SLIDESMANIA POSITIVE IMPACTS 1. It enabled more excellent connectivity of people around the world. 2. It made many aspects of day to day more convenient. 3. It created online communities 4. It made information more accessible.
- 33. SLIDESMANIA NEGATIVE IMPACTS 1. Much information is false and misleading 2. It allowed the conduct of crimes and illegal activities 3. It created a "Digital Divide. 4. It affected human productivity and flourishing
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