![Formwork
2 Ends [1/2 round]
2 9 ft shuttering
4 slotted angle bar
8 rod bracing
8 wing nut
1 framing for ends](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sustainablebuilding-earth2-151226013428/85/Sustainable-Building-Earth-Part-2-20-320.jpg)
![Hybrid Earthen Homes
Shuttering Formwork
EH 3
Formwork
2 Ends[1/2 round]
2 9 ft shuttering
4 slotted angle bar
8 rod bracing
8 wing nut
1 framing for ends](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sustainablebuilding-earth2-151226013428/85/Sustainable-Building-Earth-Part-2-21-320.jpg)
![Spray Crete
[Shotcrete]
mini-shotcrete pump without the delivery lines](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sustainablebuilding-earth2-151226013428/85/Sustainable-Building-Earth-Part-2-153-320.jpg)
Sustainable Building: Earth Part 2
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The document details construction guidelines and material specifications for hybrid earthen homes, including various wall, foundation, and roof designs. It discusses critical financial considerations, local material sources, and labor costs associated with building sustainable structures. Additionally, it explores different roofing materials and finishing techniques, emphasizing the use of natural resources and eco-friendly practices.
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Sustainable Building: Earth Part 2
- 1. Mushroom Culture House Bench EH 3 TheNebraska House Tool shed Retaining walls EH 2 Charcoal kilns EH 1 Cow shed
- 2.
- 3. Plinth Non structural wall 40cm 30cm HybridEarthen Homes Foundation detail EH 2 12mm SRB 14 cm Structural column Grade 33 / PNS 230 Structural Grade
- 4. Plinth w/concrete, steeland rock infill
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- 14. Score card- criticaland financial considerations Material sources _______________ On-site – labor cost Local – delivery cost Trucked – delivery cost Plinth height __________________ Plinth width__________________ Lintel height __________________ Window Tie beam Wall thickness width____________ Wall height ____________________ Structural support Wall only h:w _____________ Columns h:w _____________ Material Clay Sand Lignin Stabilizer Finish Plaster Painted clay Raw Roof material____________________ Roof overhang _______ Roof overhang ratio RO:WH _______ Roof slope ____________
- 15. Plinth Structural wall 40cm 20cm Hybrid EarthenHomes Foundation detail EH 3 12mm RCB
- 16. Hybrid Earthen Homes Foundationdetail EH 3
- 17. Hybrid Earthen Homes Foundationdetail EH 3
- 19. Hybrid Earthen Homes RammedWindow EH 3
- 20. Formwork 2 Ends [1/2round] 2 9 ft shuttering 4 slotted angle bar 8 rod bracing 8 wing nut 1 framing for ends
- 21. Hybrid Earthen Homes ShutteringFormwork EH 3 Formwork 2 Ends[1/2 round] 2 9 ft shuttering 4 slotted angle bar 8 rod bracing 8 wing nut 1 framing for ends
- 22. Hybrid Earthen Homes Fillingform holes EH 3
- 23. Hybrid Earthen Homes WallOne EH 3
- 24. Hybrid Earthen Homes Landscapedetail EH 3
- 25. Hybrid Earthen Homes Extramaterials form EH 3 Aloha Tools/machin es cement mixer lime paint mixer cordless drill trowels plum hose level spirit level shovels bolo planer chainsaw hack saw wood saw
- 26. Hybrid Earthen Homes Extramaterials form EH 3
- 27. Hybrid Earthen Homes Lime/wheyprimer EH 3 …albuminate…
- 28. Hybrid Earthen Homes SoilAudit: 40% clay EH 3 clay silt sand
- 29. Hybrid Earthen Homes Lime/whey/clayfinish EH 3
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- 31.
- 32. Nailess bamboo roof EH3 Hardwood dowel Fish mouth joint
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- 36. Bamboo & Nipa thatchroof EH 3
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- 40. Free on siteTimbers EH 3
- 41. Free on siteTimbers EH 3
- 42. Free on siteconsultation EH 3
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- 44. Rammed earthen floor EH3 3 pail clay 1 pail sand ¼ pail Portland
- 45. Rammed earthen floor EH3 3 pail clay 1 pail sand ¼ pail Portland
- 46. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Troweled-burnished Tung oiled Waxed
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- 48. Choosing the rightsteel for you depends on your purpose： Jigane is unfired forged iron. Whereas a hard carbon steel tends to slide over a plaster, "soft" jigane iron will push and pull material, making it excellent at distributing plaster on wall. By "soft", we refer to the quality of the steel, not the flexibility of the trowel. Because Jigane is a soft steel, Jigane trowels tend to be thick, stiff and heavy. Jigane is suitable for scratch and brown coats of earthen or lime plaster. Hanyaki is fired once after forging. Hanyaki is suitable for all coats, and can also be used for cement based plasters as well. Abarayaki is steel that is forged, coated with oil, and then fired twice. It is harder than hanyaki and suitable for compressing plaster for a glossy finish. Honyaki is made in a similar fashion to abarayaki, but is fired at a higher temperature. Being a very hard carbon steel, it is suitable for earthen or lime finish coats and cement based plasters. Stainless steel is the hardest steel but can be produced so thin as to be flexible as well. It is used to apply thin coats and to smooth trowels marks.
- 50. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Lived in
- 51. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Zeer cooler
- 52. Nipa roof tiles EH3 Acid stained w/ sealant
- 54. Hybrid Earthen Homes Niparoof tiles EH 3 Rammed herb spiral
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- 62. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Lived in
- 63. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Lived in
- 64. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Lived in
- 65. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Lived in
- 66.
- 67. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Lived in
- 68. Rammed earthen floor EH3 Lived in
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- 71. Natural Living Score card-critical and financial considerations Material sources _______________ On-site – labor cost Local – delivery cost Trucked – delivery cost Plinth height __________________ Plinth width__________________ Lintel height __________________ Window Tie beam Wall thickness width____________ Wall height ____________________ Structural support Wall only h:w _____________ Columns h:w _____________ Material Clay Sand Lignin Stabilizer Finish Plaster Painted clay Raw Roof material____________________ Roof overhang _______ Roof overhang ratio RO:WH _______ Roof slope ____________
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- 74. 7m 5.2m 2.4m 2.7m h = (√3)s4.6m d = 2s 5.2m a = (1.5√3)s² 19m2 p = 6s Similarly, s = h/(√3) d = 2h/(√3) 19m2
- 75. Hybrid Earthen Homes Costing Stabilized rammed earth Alightweight husk loam Cost of RAM:CONCRETE 3 husk 35% 2 earth 1 stabilizer = portland CRH Limestone liters/mixer 10 5 5
- 76. Hybrid Earthen Homes Costing 3 2 1←pails husk earth stabilizer 50% 33% 17% 7.5 4 106.13 117.63p/mixer 19.60p/pail portland CRH Agri Limestone liters→ 10 5 5 0.5 0.25 0.25 8.33% 4.17% 4.17% Cost of RAM:CONCRETE 35%
- 77. Hybrid Earthen Homes Costing Concrete peso l/cubicp/pail sand 1,200 1,000 24 Gravel/sand 6pails 144 CEMENT 1sack 245 8.75p/L CONCRETECOST 389p/mixer 55.57p/pail LOAM sack pails/sack p/pail p/L rice hull 10 4 2.5 LIME 180 2.5 72 3.6 SubSoil 2 0.1 3 2 1 ←pails husk earth stabilizer 50% 33% 17% 7.5 4 106.13 117.63p/mixer 19.60p/pail portland CRH Agri Limestone liters→ 10 5 5 0.5 0.25 0.25 8.33% 4.17% 4.17% Cost of RAM:CONCRETE 35%
- 79. Hybrid Earthen Homes footings 1 80 8025 160 6 80 80 25 960 six footings floor 1 350 10 3847 outer/inner floor plinth 6 30 40 240 1728 plinth column 6 30 30 240 1296 column ring beam 6 30 30 240 1296 ring beam 9126.5 total liters liters/mixer 140 # mixers 65.189 28571 p/mixer 384 concrete cost 25,033 Concrete costing
- 80. Hybrid Earthen Homes Rammed Flooring Flooring isrammed and troweled
- 81. Hybrid Earthen BambooHouse Suspension bridge Rammed Earth Walls
- 82. Hybrid Earthen Building Guidlines RammedEarth Walls Slenderness Height to width Unrestrained 8:1 (free standing walls) Restrained12:1 (anchored tie beams on wall) Tie beam Unrestrained Restrained 8:1 12:1 ClickForWallGuidelines.skp
- 83. Acid stained floors TileFree Living
- 84. Acid stained floors IronSulphate. Combine ¼ cup of iron sulphate, also called Copperas, with 2/3 cup warm water. -copper-colored end product. Seal when done to protect the integrity of the color. - it can be lightened by adding more water We darkened by adding instant coffee. 5% Nescafe Classic Iron chloride is also known as Ferric Chloride and solutions containing it are sold at electronics supply stores for the purpose of etching circuits onto printed circuit boards (PCBs). It is important to be careful when working with all of these mixtures, as whenever you are working with chemical combinations. When mixing your own stains you can be creative with the color combinations, and perfect them to your satisfaction. Commercial stains are more expensive, and creating your own from these materials will cost you only a fraction of the price.
- 85. Monlithic pour Same cementbrand Same gravel and sand for entire pour Etched for grout Acid stained floors
- 86. 60 & 80grit belt sander for polished effect Acid stained floors
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- 89. Acid stained floors 1stcoat sealant
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- 92. Acid stained floors DoubleSealed unsealed
- 93. Acid stained floors Differenttreatments
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- 95. Acid stained floors Multipouredvariation
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- 97. Acid stained floors Sealed Unsealed Removepaint, oil, grease before staining
- 98. Acid stained floors Ferricsulphate- Sealed 7 year old floor
- 99. Acid stained floors Ferricsulphate -Sealed 7 year old floor
- 100. Copper Sulphate -more of a blue or blue-green color Mix ¼ cup of copper sulphate with 1 cup of warm water. For a more visible blue, add more copper sulfate to the mixture. To make the results a lighter tint, add more water. To create a greener color, add regular table salt. Acid stained floors Pre-rinsed 7 year old floor
- 101. Acid stained floors CopperSulphate Sealed 7 year old floor
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- 103. Natural Sealants Varnish FreeLiving Tung oil
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- 105. Pure Tung Oilcomes from cold pressing of the seeds or nuts of the Tung tree. Tung trees mainly grow in the mountainous regions of china away from industrialization and pollution. Climate, soil and air quality are essential for a high quality oil. Our 100% Pure Chinese Tung Oil or China wood oil is a all natural finish manufactured by pressing the tung nut, no petroleum distillates or other additives - just Pure Tung Oil. All Pure Tung Oils are not the same. Some low priced marketers will package South American Tung Oil (dark, greenish in color) and sell its as the higher quality Chinese Tung Oils. Chinese Pure Tung Oil is available in 3 grades, we only offer the best available, Grade 1 yellow. A better quality Pure Chinese Tung Oil will offer superior color, faster drying and a long term elastic finish. Elasticity is a important factor as the oil must continue to flex with the expansion and contraction of the substrate on which it is applied.
- 106. Citrus Natural Solvent,a paint thinner alternative, is used as a direct replacement for mineral spirits and odorless mineral spirits. Citrus Solvent can be used wherever paint thinner or mineral spirits are required as a natural, safer alternative. Citrus Solvent is not the same as any of the other "citrus-branded" cleaning products on the market, including Citrus Solve or Citri-Solve. It is, however, an excellent degreaser, paint thinner alternative, and can be used to replace petroleum chemicals such as mineral spirits. Citrus Solvent is 98% pure citrus peel oil extracted from the peel of the orange fruit; the other 2% is water. This small amount of water is emulsified in the solvent and will not raise wood grain but is released into the air as the solvent evaporates.
- 107. Natural Sealants Varnish FreeLiving Tung oil Ipil hardwood
- 108. Natural Sealants Varnish FreeLiving Tung oil
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- 110. Natural Sealants Varnish FreeLiving Tung oil Tung oil Tung oil Stained Concrete Stained Concrete
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- 112. Make your own Upsidedown lid Peels Handle Collector Drip Hydrosol method
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- 116. DA Compound Irawan Bamboo EcoHome Fan palm shingled butterfly roof
- 117. DA Compound Irawan Bamboo EcoHome Fan palm shingled butterfly roof
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- 120. DA Compound Irawan Bamboo EcoHome Earthen wall
- 121. DA Compound Irawan Bamboo EcoHome Earthen wall
- 122. DA Compound Irawan Bamboo EcoHome Clay and sand mixing pit
- 123. DA Compound Irawan Bamboo EcoHome Clay and sand mixing pit
- 124. DA Compound Irawan Bamboo EcoHome Earthen wall
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- 130. ALOHA RANCH and ORGANIC FARM Macarascas Precastoctagon tanks
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- 133. Conversion Beds Raised SoilBeds to Cement Ebb and Flow & DWC Precast cement
- 134. Conversion Beds Raised SoilBeds to Cement Ebb and Flow & DWC Precast cement
- 135. Conversion Beds Raised SoilBeds to Cement Ebb and Flow & DWC Precast cement
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- 143. Ferrocement Standard construction cement, usuallymixed with plaster sand. The standard cement is reinforced with more steel or fiber at a closer spacing than traditional construction. Reduced spacing yields uniform force dispersion and increases strength. Ferrocement is also written as ferrociment, ferrocemento, ferrocimento, and ferrozement 1 part portland cement 3 parts fine sand
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- 152. Water Proofing Waterproof =Watertight + Damp-proof. If you are not concerned about dampness or high humidity levels, then watertight is fine. BUT, if you want a truly dry basement or tunnel or corrosion resistant structure, then you need it to be waterproof. A flexible, fiber-reinforced and specially modified high grade acrylic polymer designed to provide superior water protection and excellent adhesion to concrete surfaces for longer service life of water proofing film.
- 153. Spray Crete [Shotcrete] mini-shotcrete pumpwithout the delivery lines
- 154. Welded frame withwire Ferrocement bed
- 155. Welded frame withwire Ferrocement bed
- 156. Welded frame withwire Ferrocement bed
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- 158. Cured 2 weeksand ready to move in place Ferrocement bed
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- 160. Conversion Beds Raised SoilBeds to Flow Beds S.R.B. – Simulated river beds 5,000 liter tank w/1,000 liter sump
- 161. Hybrid earthen tanks Ferrocement StablizedRammed earth wall Plinth - rock and concrete
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- 165. Hybrid earthen tanks Undersizedcolumn (high compressive strength)
- 166. Hybrid earthen tanks Undersizedcolumn (high compressive strength)
- 167. Hybrid earthen tanks Undersizedcolumn (high compressive strength)
- 168. Hybrid earthen tanks Undersizedcolumn (high compressive strength)
- 169. Hybrid earthen tanks Undersizedcolumn (high compressive strength)
- 170. Hybrid earthen tanks Tank1 Tank 2 Tank 3
- 171. Hybrid earthen tanks Ferrocementaquaponic bed
- 172. Hybrid earthen tanks Ferrocementaquaponic bed
- 173. Hybrid earthen tanks Ferrocementaquaponic bed In ground casting form
- 174. Hybrid earthen tanks Ferrocementaquaponic bed In ground casting form
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- 176. Plinth and rammedearth for bed leveling
- 177. Excavated clay soil LocalRice hull Carbonized Rice hull (charcoal) Stabilized Rammed Earth wall materials
- 178. Binder - termitebarrier 10 liters CRH 10 liters agri lime stone 20 liters Portland cement
- 179. 1 Binder 2 claysoil 3 Ricehull 5-10 liters water
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- 183. Rammed stabilized lightweightloam wall
- 184. Rammed stabilized lightweightloam wall
- 185. Rammed stabilized lightweightloam wall Precast octagon tanks
- 186. Rammed stabilized lightweightloam wall Precast octagon tanks
- 187. Rammed stabilized lightweightloam wall Vertical steel for ferrocement topping
- 188. Hybrid earthen tank1 Ferrocement Stablized Rammed earth wall Plinth - rock and concrete
- 189. Hybrid earthen tank1 Oversized (wastedmaterials)
- 190. Hybrid earthen tank1 Oversized (wasted materials)
- 191. Hybrid earthen tank2 Undersized column (high compressive strength) Precast octagon tanks
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- 219. Natural Living Score card-critical and financial considerations Material sources _______________ On-site – labor cost Local – delivery cost Trucked – delivery cost Plinth height __________________ Plinth width__________________ Lintel height __________________ Window Tie beam Wall thickness width____________ Wall height ____________________ Structural support Wall only h:w _____________ Columns h:w _____________ Material Clay Sand Lignin Stabilizer Finish Plaster Painted clay Raw Roof material____________________ Roof overhang _______ Roof overhang ratio RO:WH _______ Roof slope ____________
- 220. Cow shed 2 MushroomHouse Cow Shed 1 24 sq m guest house Training Room Ram Genesis Home Site Intern Project 1 Earth House 2 Rammed Lodge 3-D Planned and Built Samples on SketchUp