Sustainable energy and power

INTRODUCTION
MAJOR RENEWABLE
ENERGY RESOURCES
• SOLAR ENERGY
• THERMAL ENERGY
• WIND ENERGY
• TIDAL ENERGY
• WAVE ENRGY
• HYDROELECTRICITY
• WAVE ENRGY
• BIOMASS

INTRODUCTION
• RENEWABLE ENERGY - Any sustainable
energy resource that comes fron natural
environment
Some aspects of renewable energy
• It is abundant in the environment
• Ready to be harnessed,inexhaustible
• It is clean alternative to fossil fuels
• Energy which is replenishable within a human
lifetime and causes no long term damage to
the environment

• Sustainable energy is the sustainable provision of
energy that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their needs. Technologies that promote
sustainable energy include renewable energy sources
such as, hydroelectricity, solar energy, wind energy,
wave power, geothermal power, and tidal power and
also technologies designed to improve energy
efficiency.
“Energy which is replenishable within a human lifetime and causes
no long term damage to the environment”

THE IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
Sustainable energy is important because of the benefits it provides. The
key benefits are:
1. ENVIRONMENTAL:
Sustainable energy can avoid and reduce air emissions
as well as water consumptions, waste, noise, and adverse land-use
impacts.
2. ENERGY FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS:
Renewable avoid the rapid the depletion of fossil fuel reserves
and will empower future generations to deal with the environmental
impact of over–dependence of fossil fuels.
3. ENERGY SURITY: Lessens our dependence on fossil and imported
fuels.

SOLAR ENERGY
Solar Energy is the energy received by the earth
from the sun. This energy is in the form of solar
radiation, which makes the production of solar
electricity possible.

GEOTHERMAL POWER
Power generated using steam produced by heat emanating from the
molten core of the earth.
 Geothermal power is considered
to be sustainable because the heat
extraction is small compared with
the Earth’s heat content. The
emission intensity of existing
geothermal electric plants is on
average 122kg of CO2 per
megawatt-hour (MHh) of
electricity, about one-eighth of a
conventional coal-fired plant.

WIND ENERGY
It is a form of energy conservation in which turbines converts the kinetic
energy of wind in to mechanical or electric energy, that can be used for
power. Since wind does not require the use of fossil fuels, it is considered a
renewable energy resource.
ADVANTAGES :
 They are pollution free.
 Using wind energy means that less fossil fuel
(coal and oil) needs to be burned to make
electricity.
 Many people find wind farms an interesting
feature of the landscape.
DISADVANTAGES :
 Wind turbines are noisy. Each one can generate
the same level of noise as a family car travelling
at 70 mph.
 The strength of the wind is not constant and
it varies from zero to storm force.
 Uses a large land areas to install a single wind
farm.

TIDAL POWER
Tidal power, also called as tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that
converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power – mainly
electricity.
ADVANTAGES :
It is an inexhaustible source of energy.
Tidal energy is environment friendly energy
and doesn't produce greenhouse gases.
Efficiency of tidal power is far greater as
compared to coal, solar or wind energy. Its
efficiency is around 80%.
DISADVANTAGES :
 Cost of construction of tidal power
plant is high.
There are very few ideal locations for
construction of plant and they too are
localized to coastal regions only.
 Influences aquatic life adversely and can
disrupt migration of fish.

WAVE POWER
Wave power is the transport of energy by ocean surface waves, and the
capture of that energy to do useful work.
ADVANTAGES :
 Capable of high effeiciency (60%-80%) in
ideal conditions.
 Renewable energy source obtained via wind via
the sun’s heating of our atmosphere.
Low operation and maintenance costs after
construction. And low upfront construction
costs.
DISADVANTAGES :
 Improperly placed wave power plants can
damage the marine ecosystem.
 Efficiency drops significantly in rough weather
due to safety mechanisms.
 Power only produced near oceans making
transmission to inland customers difficult.

HYDROELECTRICITY
Is a form of electricity which is produced by water power such as DAMS.
ADVANTAGES :
 Once a dam is constructed, electricity can
be produced at a constant rate.
 The lake's water can be used for irrigation
purposes.
 When in use, electricity produced by dam
systems do not produce green house gases.
They do not pollute the atmosphere.
DISADVANTAGES :
 Dams are extremely expensive to build
and must be built to a very high standard.
 The flooding of large areas of land means
that the natural environment is destroyed.
 Building a large dam alters the natural
water table level.

BIOMASS
Biomass is a common name for organic materials used as renewable energy
sources such as wood, crops and waste.
ADVANTAGES :
 Biomass is very abundant. It can be found on
every square meter of the earth as seaweed,
trees or dung.
 It is cheap in contrast to the other energy
sources.
 It is very low in sulphur reducing the
production of acid rain.
DISADVANTAGES :
 Cost of construction of biogas plant
is high.
 It is difficult to store biogas in
cylinders.
 Biogas plant requires space and
produces dirty smell.
 Due to improper construction many
biogas plants are working inefficiently.

What is Energy Efficiency?
 Energy efficiency is doing more with the same
amount of energy or less energy.
 Energy efficiency saves money and makes
buildings more comfortable, healthy, and safe.
Benefits Of Energy Efficiency :
 Reduces consumption
 Increases comfort & safety
 Reduces pollution
 Makes our economy stronger
 Increases our energy security

• Building Shell
• Heating, Ventilation and Air
Conditioning (HVAC)
• Lighting
• Electric Appliances
Energy System Components

Any part of the building which
creates a boundary between indoor
and outdoor space. Includes:
• Walls
• Roofs
• Ceilings
• Doors
• Windows
The Building Shell
The shell should limit:
• The amount of heat conducting through.
• The amount of air that moves in and out
of the building.

• Heating System (boiler,
furnace)
• Air Conditioning (chillers)
• Hot Water
• Ventilation System
• Thermostats
• Ducts and Pipes
HVAC

•Incandescent
• Fluorescent
• High Intensity Discharge (HID)
• Light Emitting Diode (LED)
TYPES OF LIGHTING

• Required for operation of fluorescent
lamps.
• Provides initial arc to start lamp.
• Regulates current during operation.
• Two main types:
1. electromagnetic
2. electronic
BALLAST

• Miniature fluorescent with built in
ballast
• Ideal for replacement of incandescent
lamps
• Saves 66-75% on energy use
• Lasts 7-10 times longer than an
incandescent
• Low heat output
• Improved color rendition
COMPACT
FLUORESCENT

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (LEDS)
• Energy Star bulbs
rated at 25,000
hours.
• Can use up to 50%
less energy than a
CFL.
• Widespread use over
the next 20 years
could reduce lighting
demand by 33%.
• Currently expensive
to purchase compared
to Incandescent and
CFLs.

So now you know being more energy
efficient offers a variety of benefits
that include, in particular, the ability to
lower costs.
Now it's time to take action.

Sustainable energy and power

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Sustainable energy and power