Techniques of group decision making
- 2. COMMITMENT KNOWLEDGE SYNERGY AND EXPERIENCE GROUP DECISION MAKING
- 3. • Brain storming • Nominal group technique • Delphi technique • Devil’s advocacy • Electronic meetings • Fish bowling • Didatic Interaction • Interacting groups
- 4. • Developed by Alex Osborn. • Brainstorming is a group technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its member. • Generate as many ideas as possible, suspending evaluation until all the ideas have been suggested.
- 5. • Criticism of ideas is not allowed. • No idea is considered too far out. People are encouraged to state publicly any of their ideas. • Participants are encouraged to build on the suggestions of others. • As many ideas as possible are encouraged.
- 6. • Developed by Andre Delbecq and Andrew Van de Ven at the university of Wisconsin. • Individuals silently list their ideas. • Ideas are written on a chart one at a time until all ideas are listed. • Discussion is permitted but only to clarify the ideas. No criticism allowed. • A written vote is taken.
- 7. • Originated at the Rand Corporation to gather judgements of experts for use in decision making. • Developed by Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer. • Used for forecasting future events. • Fifteen to twenty experts are involved. • Structured questionnaire is sent to these experts. • There is no interaction between them. • A summary is prepared by taking the opinions of the experts.
- 8. • An individual is given the role of critic whose task is to come up with the potential problems in proposed decision. • Helps to avoid costly mistakes by identifying pitfalls in advance.
- 9. • The members of the group interact with the help of computers through connected computer terminals. • Projector screen is used to show the individual comments and votes on an issue. • This method reduces group think and the time wasted in socializing the meeting.
- 10. • All the members are seated in a circle form • One person sits in the centre chair and gives his suggestion to the problem. • Members can ask questions to that person. • No two members are allowed to talk to each other than with the person seated in the centre. • After all views are expressed, the one with consensus is selected.
- 11. • This is used only where there is YES- NO application. • Two groups: • One favouring YES • Other favouring NO • Both groups discuss their view points and find out weaknesses in their sides. • Finally it results in mutual acceptance of facts.
- 12. • Most of the decision making in a group happens in a meeting. • The most important advantage is that the members can interact face to face. • Disadvantage is that the decisions taken in interacting groups are affected by group think, pressure to conform etc.