Technology

               Emilio K. Matsuo
              Executive Vice President




March, 2010
Company’s Evolution


                      More than 40 years of...
                      Constant Innovation
Innovation has pushed Embraer ahead ...
                                                                              Oval Lite®

                                                                                                                      Phenom™ 100
                                                                                                     FINEP Innovation Award in 2007

                                                        Embraer: An Ugly Duckling Finds Its Wings

                     Embraer engineers came up with a new fuselage design it called "double
                     bubble" that allows plenty of head space, legroom, and luggage space,
                     and eliminates the middle seat. More than 40 airlines provided input. That
                     innovation has pushed Embraer ahead of archrival Bombardier of Canada
                     and set the stage for an ambitious move into executive jets.




                            Embraer is marketing the           The ERJ-145 has taken the regional airline
                             Embraer is marketing the            The ERJ-145 has taken the regional airline
                                                          market by Storm.
   -145 under the twin slogans of “Back to Basics“         market by Storm.
    -145 under the twin slogans of “Back to Basics“
   and "Everythingyou need. Nothing you don’t”
    and "Everythingyou need. Nothing you don’t”
Technological Evolution




                                         00 - Present


                               90 - 00


                     80 - 90


           70 - 80


 50 - 60
Technology Development Strategy

                                       Technology Needs

              Prospective Scenarios                   Future Products Concepts
        Geopolitics; Economy; Energy; Infra-             Configuration; Features;
         structure; Environment; Innovation        Performance; Technical Challenges




             Technology Outlook

             Technology Trends
         R&T Initiatives; Public Policies;                    Technology
                   Regulation                             Development Strategy
                                                            Technology Agenda
                                                            Roadmap & Portfolio
Aviation Challenges…

     Climate Change                     Peak Oil




                                              Safety
   Financial Crisis




                                               Security

   Passenger Factors   ATC Congestion
… and the Technology Solutions

                    New Aircraft Concept
                            • New Engines                                     Efficient Energy Management
                      • New configurations                                    • New sources
           • Active drag reduction systems                                    • Integrated management
                     • Advanced materials                                     • Electrical systems with high-reliability
                     •…                  .                                    •…




                                                                                    Safe operation
     Aircraft Life-Cycle Management                                                 • Improved onboard weather
  • Highly-integrated, multi-disciplinary                                           systems and tools
                                 product                                            • Human-machine integration
• Lean Development and Manufacture                                                  •…
 • Low operational cost through health
                  management system
     • Green Life Cycle (manufacture,
 operation, maintenance and disposal)
     •…                                 .                                                 Secure Aircraft
                                                                                          • Protection against short range
                                                                                          missile attack
                                             Operation in High-density                    • Detection of abnormal trajectory
     Comfort and Onboard Features            Environment                                  to engage automatic control
            • Fast boarding patterns         • Pilot workload management &                • Biometry Systems
      • New systems and installations        Single Pilot                                 •…
                     • New displays          • Advance integration with ATC
                     •…             .        • 4D Trajectories
                                             •…
R&T Program


   Aircraft Health
    Management

                                           Interiors Design &       Collaborative Product
                      Noise & Emissions                                                           Advanced
                                                 Comfort                Development           Aerodynamic Tools
                                                                                                and Solutions




    Design for
                       Evolution and and
                       Evolution
  Manufacturing &                                                                             Alternative Fuels

                       Innovation !
                       Innovation !
                        Innovation !
    Automation




                                          Fly-by-Wire     CNS/ATM       Avionics Systems
                          Energy
 Design for Service     Management
                                                   Airborne Software Development


                                                                                             Advanced Structures –
                                                                                             Composites / Metallic.

  Multidisciplinary                                                                         Smart Material, Morphing
       Design                                                                                     Structures
   Optimization
R&T Program - Phases

            TRL      1        2                3                4               5                                6

                  DISCOVER
                  DISCOVER        UNDERSTAND
                                  UNDERSTAND               ADAPT
                                                           ADAPT                         VALIDATE
                                                                                         VALIDATE




                                        Achieving TRL6 in 5/10 yrs                                                   Product
              Achieving TRL6 in
                                        • Technology for A/C EIS in 10/15 yrs
                                                                                 Achieving TRL6 in 3/4 yrs            R&D
              10/15 yrs                                                          • Technology for EIS < 10 yrs
                                        • Key challenges:
   R&T
              • Technology for A/C                                               • Key challenges:
 Business
   Plan                                     • Differentiation: Increasing next
              EIS in more than                                                       • Accelerate technology
                                            aircraft performance.
              15/20yrs                                                               delivery.
 Future
                                            • Early assessment of technology for
                                                                                     • Secure maturity.
                                                                                                                     Advanced
Products                                    product selection
                                                                                                                      Projects
                                                                                          Short Term

                                                    Mid Term


                         Long Term
Technology Evolution: Metallic Structures
Technology Evolution: Composite Structures

                          RFI Pressure Bulkhead
                                                                     Hot Drape




       RTM Window Frame
                                                  OOA




      ATL                                               Fiber Placement
Technology Evolution: MDO

                                   Integrated Engineering Tools




                                    Pareto frontier: Optimization
                                                 and
                                       Preliminary Selection




                                       High fidelity analysis


                    Tunnel tests
Technology Evolution: Alternative Fuel




 • November 2009:
         Public Announcement of signature of MOU to
  evaluate the technical and sustainability aspects of
  Amyris Jet Fuel
 • Demo Flight:
        Beginning of 2012
Technology Evolution: Structural Health Monitoring

Crack detection system flight testing




   Comparative Vacuum       Acoustic Emission




                                                iSRM
Technology Evolution: Comfort & Cabin Design

  Innovating in Process…              Integrated Design Lab




                                       …to innovate in product…
Technology Evolution: Comfort & Cabin Design

  Improving capacity to simulate cabin conditions,…




                               …predict human response and provide better solutions…
Technology Evolution: Silent Aircraft

  Developing capability in simulation, prediction, assessment and operation…




                                         …focused on external noise reduction…
Product Developmentmodel
                 V Evolution




                          New technology is
                          key,
                          but continuous
Virtual Aircraft Lab
                          improvement is a
                          must!
Product Development Process – Evolution
                                                                   4) Lean Integrated Product Development




                                    3) Integrated Product
                                         Development
                                                                                       1                        2                       3


                                                                       Initial             Joint Definition      Detail Design                Series     Phase
                                                                     definitions                                and Certification           Production    Out

                                                                                            IPT-Functional
                                                                                            Integration
                                                                                                          ics
                                                                                IPD                     am
                                                                                                      yn
                                                                                                   rod
                                                                                                 Ae      ....

                                                                  DBT
                                                                  Physical                                      IPD–Integrated Product Development
                  2) Simultaneous                                 Integration
                                                                           FuselageI

                    Engineering

                                        Marketing
                                           Pre-design
                                                    Engineering
  1) Sequencial
  Development                                          Manufacturing
Simultaneous Development
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
                EMBRAER 170

                                EMBRAER 175                                               Commercial
                                       EMBRAER 190                                        Executive
                                                                                          Defense
                                              EMBRAER 195

                         LEGACY 600
                                                                           PHENOM 100

                                                                           LINEAGE 1000

                                                                                   PHENOM 300

                                               LEGACY 500 / 450
                              AEW
                                                                  KC 390
                         ALX
                                                     SUPER TUCANO COLOMBIA

                                                                                                  A1M

                                                        AEW INDIA

                                               SUPER TUCANO CHILE
Improving Integrated Product Development
 • 12 Strategic Projects (72 total, 61 closed in 2009)

    INCREASED
                        PEOPLE AND            SUPPLIERS –
 INVESTMENTS ON
                        TECHNOLOGY           SELECTION AND       TOOLS
  EARLIER DESIGN
                         READINESS            MANAGEMENT
      PHASES




  BUSINESS PLAN
                      PLANNING PROCESS        LEADERSHIP     RISK MANAGEMENT
   PREPARATION




                         INTEGRATED
  REQUIREMENTS             PRODUCT           EXPERIMENTAL      KNOWLEDGE
   MANAGEMENT           DEVELOPMENT            PROCESS         MANAGEMENT
                        MANAGEMENT
Integrated Product Development – Cycles

                BP Approval                    First Flight                          TC
     AS-IS
   (Ref. 170)
                  PS        JDP         DETAIL DESIGN              TESTS




                                   Development Cycle

    TO-BE
                                                                                TC
                BP Approval                                     First Flight


                       PS         IDP         JDP       DETAIL DESIGN   VALIDATION




                                         Development cycle
Integrated Product Development - Manpower
    Accumulated Manpower




                                                                     As-Is
                                                                 (Ref. 170)   100%




                                                                                     Manpower
                                                                     To-Be


                                                                               As Is

                                                                               To Be


                           PS   IDP   JDP    Detail design   Tests

                                            DIP Phases
Lean Development




                                    Eficácia
                                                             3

                                                       2              DIP
Started visiting lean development
      concept in Aug 2009
                                                   1                              PD
                                                         E                          M
                                                       CA




                                                                            QFD
                                                                  A

                                                                      CAD
                                                               DFM
                                               0




                                                             DIP
  25 New projects added for 2010
Equivalent Program / 1000 people
6,00

                     Current                                                                                                     5,18
                                                                                                                          4,99
5,00                 Forecast                                                                                      4,81
                                                                                                            4,62
                                                                                                     4,43
                                                                                              4,24
                                                                                       4,05
4,00                                                                            3,86
                                                                         3,67
                                                                  3,48
                                                           3,30
                                                    3,11
3,00
                                             2,56
       2,23   2,23    2,23
                               2,11   2,06
2,00



1,00



0,00
       2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Thank You

More Related Content

PDF
A Fit for Purpose discussion
PDF
Automotive Services from Calsoftlabs
PDF
Gregor van Baars - TNO
PDF
Asset Lifecycle Management: A Community Worth Joining
PDF
Modeling for Fun and Profit
PDF
E-Business Suite 1 _ Peter Kennewell _ EBS Growth powered by IBM and Oracle.pdf
PDF
ESO - India by Kazim Ali Khan Ma Foi
PPTX
19 city climber-canvas_5.22.12
A Fit for Purpose discussion
Automotive Services from Calsoftlabs
Gregor van Baars - TNO
Asset Lifecycle Management: A Community Worth Joining
Modeling for Fun and Profit
E-Business Suite 1 _ Peter Kennewell _ EBS Growth powered by IBM and Oracle.pdf
ESO - India by Kazim Ali Khan Ma Foi
19 city climber-canvas_5.22.12

Viewers also liked (9)

PDF
Release us 1 q10 final
PDF
Sindh Today July 11, 2009 Sensex Loses Way, Plummets 253 Points
PDF
Release 2Q00
PDF
Defense embraer-day-2010-1029
PDF
3 q2005
PDF
Release usd 1 q11 final
PDF
2008* Embraer Day ApresentaçãO Do Mercado De Defesa E Governo
PDF
2006* Defense & Government Embraer Day 2006
PDF
P3 e embraer_day_2011
Release us 1 q10 final
Sindh Today July 11, 2009 Sensex Loses Way, Plummets 253 Points
Release 2Q00
Defense embraer-day-2010-1029
3 q2005
Release usd 1 q11 final
2008* Embraer Day ApresentaçãO Do Mercado De Defesa E Governo
2006* Defense & Government Embraer Day 2006
P3 e embraer_day_2011
Ad

Similar to Technology (20)

PDF
Embraer - Innovation and Technology
PDF
Clean Sky put in context and perspective by Gareth Williams (AIRBUS)
PDF
Panel aerospace octavio parga 2010
PPTX
Disruption and Innovation in Aviation - An Outside-In Perspective
PDF
Session 2 Lars Rundqvist.pdf
PDF
Advances in aeronautical informatics ( pdf drive.com )
PDF
A&D Conf Honeywell
PDF
Viking Aerospace - Company Overview
PPT
New Maint Philo
PDF
Hyperion Global AIAA-ASM-final
PDF
Embraer Day NY 2011 - Executive Aviation
PDF
Embraer day 2011_ny_exe
PDF
Industrializing innovative aluminum solutions for the aerospace industry - Si...
PDF
Aerospace Trends and New Technology Developments
 
PDF
1. see what airworks is doing
PPTX
Airbus 2050
PDF
Innovative Aircraft Seating 2011
PDF
Active Space Technologies
Embraer - Innovation and Technology
Clean Sky put in context and perspective by Gareth Williams (AIRBUS)
Panel aerospace octavio parga 2010
Disruption and Innovation in Aviation - An Outside-In Perspective
Session 2 Lars Rundqvist.pdf
Advances in aeronautical informatics ( pdf drive.com )
A&D Conf Honeywell
Viking Aerospace - Company Overview
New Maint Philo
Hyperion Global AIAA-ASM-final
Embraer Day NY 2011 - Executive Aviation
Embraer day 2011_ny_exe
Industrializing innovative aluminum solutions for the aerospace industry - Si...
Aerospace Trends and New Technology Developments
 
1. see what airworks is doing
Airbus 2050
Innovative Aircraft Seating 2011
Active Space Technologies
Ad

More from Embraer RI (20)

PDF
Embraer march 2016 book ri
PPTX
5.0 embraer day ny march2016 defense r.15
PPTX
4.0 embraer day br 2016 commercial aviation rev7
PPTX
3.0 embraer day march 2016 final2
PPTX
2.0 embraer day agenda
PPTX
1.0 embraer 4 q15_results_final_v2
PPTX
3 embraer day ny 2015 defesa-final_3
PDF
Emb day executive aviation oct2013 (2)
PDF
Embraer february 2016 book ri
PDF
Embraer december 2015 book ri
PDF
5 embraer day 2015 vae bf-final_v2_sc_site
PDF
Embraer november 2015 book ri
PPTX
1 embraer 3-q15_results_final
PPTX
5 embraer day 2015 vae bf-final
PPTX
2015 10 8 emb day - commercial rev-final
PPTX
3 embraer day ny 2015 defesa-final_3
PDF
Embraer 3 q15_results_final
PPTX
2015 10 8 emb day - commercial rev9
PPTX
Embraer 2 q15_results_final
PDF
Embraer august 2015 book ri
Embraer march 2016 book ri
5.0 embraer day ny march2016 defense r.15
4.0 embraer day br 2016 commercial aviation rev7
3.0 embraer day march 2016 final2
2.0 embraer day agenda
1.0 embraer 4 q15_results_final_v2
3 embraer day ny 2015 defesa-final_3
Emb day executive aviation oct2013 (2)
Embraer february 2016 book ri
Embraer december 2015 book ri
5 embraer day 2015 vae bf-final_v2_sc_site
Embraer november 2015 book ri
1 embraer 3-q15_results_final
5 embraer day 2015 vae bf-final
2015 10 8 emb day - commercial rev-final
3 embraer day ny 2015 defesa-final_3
Embraer 3 q15_results_final
2015 10 8 emb day - commercial rev9
Embraer 2 q15_results_final
Embraer august 2015 book ri

Recently uploaded (20)

PDF
Health aspects of bilberry: A review on its general benefits
PDF
Journal of Dental Science - UDMY (2022).pdf
PDF
faiz-khans about Radiotherapy Physics-02.pdf
PPTX
BSCE 2 NIGHT (CHAPTER 2) just cases.pptx
PDF
Journal of Dental Science - UDMY (2021).pdf
PDF
LIFE & LIVING TRILOGY - PART (3) REALITY & MYSTERY.pdf
PPTX
Diploma pharmaceutics notes..helps diploma students
PDF
Journal of Dental Science - UDMY (2020).pdf
PPTX
principlesofmanagementsem1slides-131211060335-phpapp01 (1).ppt
PDF
fundamentals-of-heat-and-mass-transfer-6th-edition_incropera.pdf
PDF
Myanmar Dental Journal, The Journal of the Myanmar Dental Association (2015).pdf
PDF
LIFE & LIVING TRILOGY - PART - (2) THE PURPOSE OF LIFE.pdf
PDF
FYJC - Chemistry textbook - standard 11.
PDF
Horaris_Grups_25-26_Definitiu_15_07_25.pdf
PPTX
Key-Features-of-the-SHS-Program-v4-Slides (3) PPT2.pptx
PPTX
Power Point PR B.Inggris 12 Ed. 2019.pptx
PPTX
Cite It Right: A Compact Illustration of APA 7th Edition.pptx
PDF
Skin Care and Cosmetic Ingredients Dictionary ( PDFDrive ).pdf
PDF
anganwadi services for the b.sc nursing and GNM
PDF
Fun with Grammar (Communicative Activities for the Azar Grammar Series)
Health aspects of bilberry: A review on its general benefits
Journal of Dental Science - UDMY (2022).pdf
faiz-khans about Radiotherapy Physics-02.pdf
BSCE 2 NIGHT (CHAPTER 2) just cases.pptx
Journal of Dental Science - UDMY (2021).pdf
LIFE & LIVING TRILOGY - PART (3) REALITY & MYSTERY.pdf
Diploma pharmaceutics notes..helps diploma students
Journal of Dental Science - UDMY (2020).pdf
principlesofmanagementsem1slides-131211060335-phpapp01 (1).ppt
fundamentals-of-heat-and-mass-transfer-6th-edition_incropera.pdf
Myanmar Dental Journal, The Journal of the Myanmar Dental Association (2015).pdf
LIFE & LIVING TRILOGY - PART - (2) THE PURPOSE OF LIFE.pdf
FYJC - Chemistry textbook - standard 11.
Horaris_Grups_25-26_Definitiu_15_07_25.pdf
Key-Features-of-the-SHS-Program-v4-Slides (3) PPT2.pptx
Power Point PR B.Inggris 12 Ed. 2019.pptx
Cite It Right: A Compact Illustration of APA 7th Edition.pptx
Skin Care and Cosmetic Ingredients Dictionary ( PDFDrive ).pdf
anganwadi services for the b.sc nursing and GNM
Fun with Grammar (Communicative Activities for the Azar Grammar Series)

Technology

  • 1. Technology Emilio K. Matsuo Executive Vice President March, 2010
  • 2. Company’s Evolution More than 40 years of... Constant Innovation
  • 3. Innovation has pushed Embraer ahead ... Oval Lite® Phenom™ 100 FINEP Innovation Award in 2007 Embraer: An Ugly Duckling Finds Its Wings Embraer engineers came up with a new fuselage design it called "double bubble" that allows plenty of head space, legroom, and luggage space, and eliminates the middle seat. More than 40 airlines provided input. That innovation has pushed Embraer ahead of archrival Bombardier of Canada and set the stage for an ambitious move into executive jets. Embraer is marketing the The ERJ-145 has taken the regional airline Embraer is marketing the The ERJ-145 has taken the regional airline market by Storm. -145 under the twin slogans of “Back to Basics“ market by Storm. -145 under the twin slogans of “Back to Basics“ and "Everythingyou need. Nothing you don’t” and "Everythingyou need. Nothing you don’t”
  • 4. Technological Evolution 00 - Present 90 - 00 80 - 90 70 - 80 50 - 60
  • 5. Technology Development Strategy Technology Needs Prospective Scenarios Future Products Concepts Geopolitics; Economy; Energy; Infra- Configuration; Features; structure; Environment; Innovation Performance; Technical Challenges Technology Outlook Technology Trends R&T Initiatives; Public Policies; Technology Regulation Development Strategy Technology Agenda Roadmap & Portfolio
  • 6. Aviation Challenges… Climate Change Peak Oil Safety Financial Crisis Security Passenger Factors ATC Congestion
  • 7. … and the Technology Solutions New Aircraft Concept • New Engines Efficient Energy Management • New configurations • New sources • Active drag reduction systems • Integrated management • Advanced materials • Electrical systems with high-reliability •… . •… Safe operation Aircraft Life-Cycle Management • Improved onboard weather • Highly-integrated, multi-disciplinary systems and tools product • Human-machine integration • Lean Development and Manufacture •… • Low operational cost through health management system • Green Life Cycle (manufacture, operation, maintenance and disposal) •… . Secure Aircraft • Protection against short range missile attack Operation in High-density • Detection of abnormal trajectory Comfort and Onboard Features Environment to engage automatic control • Fast boarding patterns • Pilot workload management & • Biometry Systems • New systems and installations Single Pilot •… • New displays • Advance integration with ATC •… . • 4D Trajectories •…
  • 8. R&T Program Aircraft Health Management Interiors Design & Collaborative Product Noise & Emissions Advanced Comfort Development Aerodynamic Tools and Solutions Design for Evolution and and Evolution Manufacturing & Alternative Fuels Innovation ! Innovation ! Innovation ! Automation Fly-by-Wire CNS/ATM Avionics Systems Energy Design for Service Management Airborne Software Development Advanced Structures – Composites / Metallic. Multidisciplinary Smart Material, Morphing Design Structures Optimization
  • 9. R&T Program - Phases TRL 1 2 3 4 5 6 DISCOVER DISCOVER UNDERSTAND UNDERSTAND ADAPT ADAPT VALIDATE VALIDATE Achieving TRL6 in 5/10 yrs Product Achieving TRL6 in • Technology for A/C EIS in 10/15 yrs Achieving TRL6 in 3/4 yrs R&D 10/15 yrs • Technology for EIS < 10 yrs • Key challenges: R&T • Technology for A/C • Key challenges: Business Plan • Differentiation: Increasing next EIS in more than • Accelerate technology aircraft performance. 15/20yrs delivery. Future • Early assessment of technology for • Secure maturity. Advanced Products product selection Projects Short Term Mid Term Long Term
  • 11. Technology Evolution: Composite Structures RFI Pressure Bulkhead Hot Drape RTM Window Frame OOA ATL Fiber Placement
  • 12. Technology Evolution: MDO Integrated Engineering Tools Pareto frontier: Optimization and Preliminary Selection High fidelity analysis Tunnel tests
  • 13. Technology Evolution: Alternative Fuel • November 2009: Public Announcement of signature of MOU to evaluate the technical and sustainability aspects of Amyris Jet Fuel • Demo Flight: Beginning of 2012
  • 14. Technology Evolution: Structural Health Monitoring Crack detection system flight testing Comparative Vacuum Acoustic Emission iSRM
  • 15. Technology Evolution: Comfort & Cabin Design Innovating in Process… Integrated Design Lab …to innovate in product…
  • 16. Technology Evolution: Comfort & Cabin Design Improving capacity to simulate cabin conditions,… …predict human response and provide better solutions…
  • 17. Technology Evolution: Silent Aircraft Developing capability in simulation, prediction, assessment and operation… …focused on external noise reduction…
  • 18. Product Developmentmodel V Evolution New technology is key, but continuous Virtual Aircraft Lab improvement is a must!
  • 19. Product Development Process – Evolution 4) Lean Integrated Product Development 3) Integrated Product Development 1 2 3 Initial Joint Definition Detail Design Series Phase definitions and Certification Production Out IPT-Functional Integration ics IPD am yn rod Ae .... DBT Physical IPD–Integrated Product Development 2) Simultaneous Integration FuselageI Engineering Marketing Pre-design Engineering 1) Sequencial Development Manufacturing
  • 20. Simultaneous Development 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 EMBRAER 170 EMBRAER 175 Commercial EMBRAER 190 Executive Defense EMBRAER 195 LEGACY 600 PHENOM 100 LINEAGE 1000 PHENOM 300 LEGACY 500 / 450 AEW KC 390 ALX SUPER TUCANO COLOMBIA A1M AEW INDIA SUPER TUCANO CHILE
  • 21. Improving Integrated Product Development • 12 Strategic Projects (72 total, 61 closed in 2009) INCREASED PEOPLE AND SUPPLIERS – INVESTMENTS ON TECHNOLOGY SELECTION AND TOOLS EARLIER DESIGN READINESS MANAGEMENT PHASES BUSINESS PLAN PLANNING PROCESS LEADERSHIP RISK MANAGEMENT PREPARATION INTEGRATED REQUIREMENTS PRODUCT EXPERIMENTAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT
  • 22. Integrated Product Development – Cycles BP Approval First Flight TC AS-IS (Ref. 170) PS JDP DETAIL DESIGN TESTS Development Cycle TO-BE TC BP Approval First Flight PS IDP JDP DETAIL DESIGN VALIDATION Development cycle
  • 23. Integrated Product Development - Manpower Accumulated Manpower As-Is (Ref. 170) 100% Manpower To-Be As Is To Be PS IDP JDP Detail design Tests DIP Phases
  • 24. Lean Development Eficácia 3 2 DIP Started visiting lean development concept in Aug 2009 1 PD E M CA QFD A CAD DFM 0 DIP 25 New projects added for 2010
  • 25. Equivalent Program / 1000 people 6,00 Current 5,18 4,99 5,00 Forecast 4,81 4,62 4,43 4,24 4,05 4,00 3,86 3,67 3,48 3,30 3,11 3,00 2,56 2,23 2,23 2,23 2,11 2,06 2,00 1,00 0,00 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020