The document discusses tectonic plates and their movement. It explains that tectonic plates are large plates that make up the Earth's surface and they are constantly moving against each other. When plates collide, they can form mountain ranges, and when they move apart oceans are formed as the space between fills with water. Examples are given of the formation of the Himalayas from the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates and the creation of the Atlantic Ocean as plates diverged. Tectonic plate movement can cause natural disasters like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis.